Metabolically engineered lactic acid bacteria and means for providing same

ABSTRACT

The complete DNA sequences for adhE and pfl genes of  Lactococcus lactis , recombinant replicons comprising one or both of these genes or comprising mutants or variants hereof including mutants in which the genes are inactivated, and recombinant lactic acid bacteria comprising such a replicon are provided. The gene sequences and/or sequences regulating the expression of the genes can be modified to provide metabolically engineered lactic acid bacteria which have an enhanced or reduced production of one or more metabolites resulting from citrate and/or sugar fermentation. Such metabolically modified cell are useful as starter cultures in the manufacturing of food products and animal feed having improved flavour and/or shelf life, including dairy products, or they can be used directly in the manufacturing of a lactic acid bacterial metabolite.

FIELD OF INVENTION

[0001] The present invention pertains to the field of lactic acid bacterial starter cultures which are useful in the production of food products, animal feed or aroma compounds, and specifically there is provided means for metabolically engineering such lactic acid bacteria which are thereby modified in their production of metabolic end products including aroma or flavour compounds and/or compounds having antimicrobial effects.

TECHNICAL BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART

[0002] Lactic acid bacteria are used extensively as starter cultures in the food industry in the manufacture of fermented products including milk products such as e.g. yoghurt and cheese, meat products, bakery products, wine and vegetable products. Lactococcus lactis is one of the most commonly used lactic acid bacteria in dairy starter cultures. However, several other lactic acid bacteria such as Leuconostoc species, Lactobacillus species and Streptococcus species are also commonly used in food starter cultures. In the art, species of the obligate anaerobic bacteria belonging to Bifidobacterium which are taxonomically different from the group of bacteria generally referred to as lactic acid bacteria, are frequently included in the group of lactic acid bacteria due to their application as dairy starter cultures. Lactic acid bacteria are also commonly used as inoculants in feedstuffs of plant and animal origin, i.a. for preservation purposes.

[0003] When a lactic acid bacterial starter culture is added to a substrate including milk or any other food or feed product starting material under appropriate conditions, the bacteria grow rapidly with concomitant conversion of lactose or other sugars to lactic acid/lactate and minor amount of acetate resulting in a pH decrease. In addition, several other metabolites are produced during the growth of lactic acid bacteria. Among these metabolites, diacetyl is one essential flavour compound which is formed during fermentation of the citrate-utilizing species of e.g. Lactococcus, Leuconostoc, and Lactobacillus. Diacetyl is formed by an oxidative decarboxylation (R1, FIG. 1) of α-acetolactate which is formed from two molecules of pyruvate by the action of α-acetolactate synthase (R2, FIG. 1).

[0004] Pyruvate is a key intermediate of several lactic acid bacterial metabolic pathways including the citrate metabolism and the degradation of lactose or glucose to lactate. The pool of pyruvate in the cells is critical for the flux through the pathway leading to diacetyl, acetoin and 2,3 butylene glycol due to α-acetolactate synthase affinity for pyruvate. Overproduction of α-acetolactate synthase in Lactococcus lactis as an approach for increased production of diacetyl has been disclosed by Platteuw et al. 1995.

[0005] An alternative metabolic engineering approach to providing an increased pool of pyruvate in lactic acid bacteria is to block one or several pyruvate degrading pathways. As an example hereof, a Lactococcus lactis mutant defective in the lactate dehydrogenase (R3, FIG. 1) has been disclosed by Gasson et al. (ref. 8, unpublished data, in Platteuw et al. 1995). Under aerobic conditions pyruvate is accumulated in this mutant leading to the formation of increased levels of acetoin and 2,3 butylene glycol. However, formate and ethanol were the major metabolic end products obtained under anaerobic conditions, but the formation of the latter end products in high amounts is generally undesired in fermented dairy products typically being produced under anaerobic conditions.

[0006] The reaction whereby pyruvate is converted to formate and acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl CoA) (R4, FIG. 1) by the action of pyruvate formate-lyase (Pfl) takes place only under anaerobic conditions (Frey et al. 1994). An alternative pathway for the formation of acetyl CoA from pyruvate (R5, FIG. 1) in a lactic acid bacterium is by the activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC). In contrast to Pfl, the activity of PDC appears to be optimal under aerobic conditions (Snoep et al. 1992). Consequently, the pyruvate pool assumingly will be increased under anaerobic conditions by partially or completely blocking the Pfl activity. As mentioned above, an increased pyruvate pool may in turn lead to an increased flux from pyruvate towards acetoin and diacetyl via the intermediate α-acetolactate. Fermented foods or feed products produced by using a starter culture with reduced Pfl activity therefore may contain an increased amount of diacetyl or other products derived from conversion of α-acetolactate. In contrast, starter cultures with increased Pfl activity should result in enhanced production of the antimicrobially active metabolite formate and the use of such cultures in the production of feed or food products having increased shelf life can therefore be contemplated.

[0007] The pfl gene has been isolated from several microorganisms including Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Clostridium pasteurianum and Streptococcus mutans. The Pfl enzyme is post-translationally activated by the Pfl activase via formation of an organic free radical into a glycine residue located at the C-terminal of Pfl (Frey et al. 1994). This modification of Pfl occurs only in the absence of oxygen. Although the activation gene, act encoding the Pfl activase flanks the pfl gene in E. coli, H. influenzae and C. pasteurianum, the act gene is transcribed from its own promoter, and the expression is essentially constitutive (Weidner et al. 1996). In contrast, the pfl expression is induced 12 to 15 fold by anaerobiosis (Sauter and Sawers 1990). The free radical enzyme, i.e. the activated Pfl, is destroyed by oxygen with concomitant fragmentation of the polypeptide chain (ref. 2 in Kessler 1992). However, in E. coli a Pfl deactivase activity has been found which under anaerobic conditions reverts the active radical form to the native non-radical form of Pfl (Kessler et al. 1992). By this activity, Pfl deactivase protects Pfl against being irreversibly destroyed by oxygen.

[0008] The AdhE protein of E. coli has acetaldehyde dehydrogenase activity, catalyzing the conversion of acetyl CoA to acetaldehyde (R6, FIG. 1), and ethanol dehydrogenase activity, catalyzing the conversion of acetaldehyde to ethanol (R7, FIG. 1). Additionally, the E. coli AdhE protein is responsible for the Pfl deactivase activity.

[0009] In the strict anaerobe, Clostridium acetobutylicum an adhE analogue, aad, has been cloned and characterized. However, the presence of Pfl deactivase activity could not be verified for the Aad protein, since no evidence exists for the presence of Pfl in C. acetobutylicum (Nair et al. 1994).

[0010] Lactic acid bacteria including Lactococcus lactis species are facultatively anaerobic organisms like E. coli, indicating that the occurrence of Pfl activase and deactivase activities in these organisms is to be expected. Analysis of the expression of adhE in E. coli has shown an eight fold increase under anaerobic growth (Chen and Lin 1991). The facts that the regulation of expression of pfl and adhE under anaerobic conditions is similar and that expression of act in E. coli is constitutive suggest that an equilibrium is formed between activated and deactivated Pfl under anaerobic conditions. If the deactivase activity of the AdhE protein is partially or completely blocked in lactic acid bacteria, an increased Pfl activity is expected to occur while, on the other hand, a reduced Pfl activity is expected to occur if the deactivase activity is overexpressed. If the Pfl activase is blocked, a decreased Pfl activity is contemplated.

[0011] The acetaldehyde dehydrogenase and the ethanol dehydrogenase activities of the AdhE protein are also potential targets for metabolic engineering in lactic acid bacterial food starter cultures and cultures used in feed production or as cultures for the production of aroma compounds or antimicrobially active compounds. Thus, it can be contemplated that a block or modification of the ethanol dehydrogenase activity of such cultures may result in the overproduction of acetaldehyde which is an important flavour compound in yoghurt. Alternatively, a block of the acetaldehyde dehydrogenase activity could give rise to an increased production of acetate which in turn may result in improved preservation of fermented foods or feed products in whose production such modified cultures are used. Additionally, it is contemplated that such modifications of starter cultures would increase the pyruvate pool and consequently, the formation of diacetyl or other compounds derived from the conversion of α-acetolactate. Increasing one or both dehydrogenase activities will most likely direct the conversion of acetyl CoA from acetate to acetaldehyde or ethanol.

[0012] Based on the above analysis of the potential means of regulating the size of the pyruvate pool in lactic acid bacteria and the intracellular fluxes from this metabolic intermediate pool towards desirable end products, a novel approach has been developed for metabolically engineering lactic acid bacteria allowing the provision of useful lactic acid bacterial starter cultures either having an enhanced production of desirable flavour compounds or an increased production of antimicrobially active compounds which can be used to increase the shelf life of food or feed products.

[0013] In particular, the starting point for the invention is the achievement of the isolation and sequencing of the entire adhE and pfl genes of Lactococcus lactis. Based on these findings, it has become possible, by appropriate modifications of the genes and their expression and/or activity of one or more of the enzyme activities encoded by these genes, to provide in a goal-directed manner lactic acid bacterial starter cultures having the above desirable characteristics, including cultures of strains having reduced or enhanced production of particular metabolites.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0014] Accordingly, the present invention provides novel means for metabolically engineering lactic acid bacteria, and lactic acid bacteria being modified by such means. Specifically, the invention relates in a first aspect to an isolated DNA sequence comprising a sequence derived from a lactic acid bacterium, said sequence coding for a polypeptide having at least one enzymatic activity selected from the group consisting of (i) acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ACDH) activity whereby acetyl CoA is converted into acetaldehyde, (ii) alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity whereby acetaldehyde is converted into ethanol, (iii) capability of converting acetyl CoA into ethanol and (iv) pyruvate formate-lyase deactivase activity.

[0015] In further aspects, the invention pertains to a recombinant replicon comprising the above DNA sequence and to a recombinant lactic acid bacterial cell comprising such a replicon.

[0016] In still further aspects, there is provided an-isolated DNA sequence comprising a sequence derived from a lactic acid bacterium, said sequence coding for a polypeptide having pyruvate formate-lyase activity, subject to the limitation that the sequence is not derived from oral Streptococcus species, a recombinant replicon comprising such a DNA sequence and a recombinant lactic acid bacterial cell comprising such a replicon.

[0017] In another aspect, the invention relates to a method of producing a lactic acid bacterial metabolite, the method comprising cultivating a lactic acid bacterium comprising a DNA sequence as defined above which is modified so as to inactivate or reduce or enhance the expression of at least one of the enzymatic activities selected from the group consisting of (i) acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ACDH) activity whereby acetyl CoA is converted into acetaldehyde, (ii) alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity whereby acetaldehyde is converted into ethanol, (iii) capability of converting acetyl CoA into ethanol and (iv) pyruvate formate-lyase deactivase activity, or a lactic acid bacterium comprising a DNA sequence which is modified whereby its production of pyruvate formate-lyase is reduced or inhibited, or whereby the enzyme is expressed in a modified form having a reduced pyruvate formate-lyase activity, or wherein the DNA sequence is modified whereby the expression of pyruvate formate-lyase is enhanced or whereby the enzyme is expressed in a modified form having an increased pyruvate formate-lyase activity, and isolating the metabolite from the culture.

[0018] The invention also pertains to methods of producing a food product or an animal feed, the method comprising the step of admixing to the food product or feed starting materials a starter culture of a lactic acid bacterium according to the invention and keeping the mixture under conditions allowing the starter culture to be metabolically active.

[0019] There is also provided an isolated DNA sequence derived from a lactic acid bacterium, said sequence coding for a product having a formate transporter activity.

DETAILED DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

[0020] The facultative anaerobe Escherichia coli is capable of carrying out mixed-acid fermentation during anaerobic growth in the absence of exogenous electron acceptors. In this connection, a major fermentation product is ethanol which is synthesized from acetyl CoA by two consecutive NADH-dependent reductions catalyzed by a single polypeptide, AdhE, with an acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ACDH) domain and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) domain. It has also been found that this polypeptide is responsible for pyruvate formate-lyase deactivase activity.

[0021] It has now been found that a DNA sequence showing significant homology to the E. coli gene, adhE which codes for a polypeptide showing substantial similarity with the above multi-functional E. coli AdhE polypeptide is present in lactic acid bacteria which are also facultative anaerobes, such as in Lactococcus lactis. It was therefore hypothesized that the gene product of the thus identified and isolated lactic acid bacterial DNA sequence might have similar enzymatic activities as the corresponding E. coli gene. This was found to be the case.

[0022] Accordingly, the present invention provides, as mentioned above, in its first aspect an isolated DNA sequence which comprises a sequence derived from a lactic acid bacterium, which sequence codes for a multi-functional polypeptide having at least one of the following enzymatic activities: (i) acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ACDH) activity whereby acetyl CoA is converted into acetaldehyde, (ii) alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity whereby acetaldehyde is converted into ethanol, (iii) capability of converting acetyl CoA into ethanol and (iv) pyruvate formate-lyase deactivase activity. The coding sequence for the multifunctional polypeptide is also referred to herein as the adhE gene, and the polypeptide encoded by the gene as the AdhE polypeptide.

[0023] In accordance with the invention, the DNA sequence coding for the multi-functional polypeptide may be derived from any lactic acid bacterium. In the present context, the term “lactic acid bacterium” designates gram-positive, microaerophilic or facultatively anaerobic bacteria which ferment sugars with the production of acids including lactic acid as the predominantly produced acid, acetic acid and propionic acid. The industrially most useful lactic acid bacteria are found among Lactococcus species, Streptococcus species, Lactobacillus species, Leuconostoc species and Pediococcus species. Additionally, the strict anaerobic Bifidobacterium species, which are commonly used in the manufacture of dairy products, are included in the group of lactic acid bacteria. The group of lactic acid bacteria comprises so-called mesophilic species which have optimum growth temperatures in the range of 15-30° C. and which in many cases do not grow at temperatures exceeding 35-40° C. Other groups of lactic acid bacteria have higher growth temperatures, in particular species for which humans and/or animals are the natural habitat, e.g. Enterococcus species, oral streptococci and pathogenic streptococci.

[0024] In certain preferred embodiments, the above DNA sequence is derived from Lactococcus lactis including Lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis, Lactococcus lactis subspecies diacetylactis (also frequently referred to as Lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis biovar diacetylactis) and Lactococcus lactis subspecies cremoris.

[0025] In useful embodiments of the invention, the lactic acid bacterium-derived DNA sequence codes for a multifunctional polypeptide that is at least 30% identical with the gene products of the adhE gene of E. coli (FASTA, GCG Wisconsin accession No. P17547) or the aad gene of Clostridium acetobutylicum (FASTA, GCG Wisconsin accession No. P33744) or the gene product of the sequence of Table 1.4 herein (SEQ ID NO:3). In other useful embodiments, the identity to such other gene products is at least 40%, such as at least 50%, such as at least 60% identity or even at least 70% identity. The homology between the .above gene products may also be expressed in terms of amino acid similarity in which case the similarity suitably is at least 60%, such as at least 70%, e.g. at least 80% similarity. In this context, the expression “amino acid similarity” indicates that a particular amino acid in a polypeptide sequence can be replaced by another amino acid having similar physical/chemical characteristics such as charge or polarity characteristics.

[0026] The sequence according to the invention which codes for the AdhE protein also includes such a coding sequence of lactic acid bacterial origin which hybridizes to the adhE coding sequence from L. lactis strain DB1341 under the following conditions: hybridization overnight at 65° C. followed by washing the filters twice in 5×SSC at room temperature for 30 minutes and subsequently once in 3×SSC; 0.1% SDS at 65° C. for 30 minutes.

[0027] In one specific embodiment, the DNA sequence according to the invention comprises the sequence as shown herein in Table 1.4 (SEQ ID NO:3) or the sequence designated adhemg1363 as shown in the below Table 1.8 (SEQ ID NO:12) or the sequence shown in Table 1.9 (SEQ ID NOS:28/30), or a mutant or variant hereof which codes at least in part for a polypeptide having at least one enzymatic activity selected from the group consisting of (i) acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ACDH) activity whereby acetyl CoA is converted into acetaldehyde, (ii) alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity whereby acetaldehyde is converted into ethanol, (iii) capability of converting acetyl CoA into ethanol and (iv) pyruvate formate-lyase deactivase activity.

[0028] In the present context, the above term “mutant or variant” is used to designate any naturally occurring or constructed nucleotide modification of the above DNA sequence which still allows a polypeptide having at least one of the defined activities to be expressed by the thus modified sequence. Accordingly, the modification may consist in one or more nucleotide substitutions in one or more codons, resulting in the translation of the same or different amino acid(s), or the modification may be in the form of the insertion or deletion of one or more nucleotides/codons. The modifications can be provided by any conventional method including, where appropriate, modifications hereof, such as e.g. the use of restriction enzymes or random or site-directed mutagenesis, e.g. by means of transposable elements. It will be understood that the above DNA sequence according to the invention may also be provided-as a synthetically produced sequence or it may be a hybrid sequence comprising in part a native sequence and in part a synthetically prepared sequence. Additionally, the above term “mutant and variant” includes any mutein of the sequence.

[0029] The above lactic acid bacterial DNA sequence whether in its native form or in a modified mutant or variant form may further comprise one or more sequences that regulate the expression of the coding sequence. Such regulatory sequences may be located upstream and/or downstream of the coding sequence or they can be placed on a different replicon, i.e. in trans. The regulatory sequences may be sequences which are natively associated with the coding sequence or they may be inserted or modified promoter sequences not natively associated with the coding sequence, which can be operably linked to the coding sequence. Such sequences which are not natively associated with the coding sequence may be derived from the bacterial strain which is the source of the coding sequence or from a different organism. In this context, a regulatory sequence includes a promoter/operator sequence, a ribosome binding site, a sequence coding for a gene product which either enhances or inhibits the expression the coding sequence, such as a repressor or activator substance including e.g. a RNA sequence including an antisense RNA, a terminator sequence or a leader sequence regulating the excretion of the above multifunctional enzyme product. A promoter which is derived from a different organism or from the same organism may, depending on the desired characteristics of the resulting bacterial cell, have a stronger or a weaker promoter activity than the promoter with which the coding sequence is natively associated.

[0030] In a useful embodiment, the coding sequence is under the control of a regulatable promoter. As used herein, the term “regulatable promoter” is used to describe a promoter sequence, the activity of which is dependent on physical or chemical factors present in the medium where organisms comprising the above coding sequence and its regulatory sequences are cultivated. Such factors include the cultivation temperature, the pH and/or the arginine content of the medium, a temperature shift eliciting the expression of heat shock genes, the composition of the growth medium including the ionic strength/NaCl content and the growth phase/growth rate of the host cell and stringent response.

[0031] A promoter sequence as defined above may further comprise sequences whereby the activity of the promoter becomes regulated. Thus, in lactic acid bacterial cultures for which it is advantageous to have a gradually decreasing activity of the coding sequence under control of the promoter sequence such further sequences may provide a regulation by a stochastic event and may e.g. be sequences, the presence of which results in a recombinational excision of the promoter or of genes coding for substances which are positively needed for the promoter function.

[0032] It has been found that in e.g. Lactococcus lactis there may be, upstream of the sequence coding for the above multifunctional polypeptide, DNA sequences coding for one or more open reading frames. Thus, such open reading frames were identified in both L. lactis strain DB1341 and strain MG1363. These open reading frames were designated orfB.

[0033] In a further aspect, the invention relates, as it is mentioned above, to a recombinant replicon comprising the above DNA sequence coding for the multifunctional polypeptide. As used herein, the term “replicon” designates a DNA sequence which is capable of autonomous replication in a lactic acid bacterium. Such a replicon can be selected from a plasmid capable of replicating in a lactic acid bacterium, a lactic acid bacterial chromosome and a bacteriophage derived from a lactic acid bacterium.

[0034] The replicon may comprise further sequences including marker sequences and linker sequences for the insertion of genes coding for desirable gene products. Thus, in useful embodiments, the replicon may comprise a gene coding for a lipase, a peptidase, a gene coding for a gene product involved in carbohydrate or citrate metabolism, a gene coding for a gene product involved in bacteriophage resistance or a gene coding for a lytic enzyme or a gene coding for a bacteriocin such as e.g. nisin or pediocin. The gene may also be one which codes for a gene product conferring resistance to an antibiotic.

[0035] The gene coding for a desired gene product may be a homologous gene, i.e. a gene isolated from the same species as the host cell for the replicon, or a heterologous gene including a gene isolated from a lactic acid bacterial species which is of a species different from the host cell.

[0036] The invention also provides a recombinant lactic acid bacterial cell comprising the above replicon. Such a host cell may be derived from any species of lactic acid bacteria as defined herein, such as a Lactococcus species, a Lactobacillus species, a Streptococcus species, a Pediococcus species, a Bifidobacterium species and a Leuconostoc species.

[0037] The above lactic acid bacterial cell is useful in starter culture compositions for the manufacturing of food products including dairy products, meat products, wine, vegetables and bakery products, or in the preservation of animal feed. In the latter context, the present recombinant lactic acid bacterial cells are particularly useful as inoculants in field crops which are to be ensiled or as preserving agents in feedstuff components of animal origin such as waste products from the slaughtering and fish processing industries.

[0038] When the cells are to be used for these purposes they are conveniently provided in the form of freeze-dried or frozen concentrates typically containing 10⁸ to 10¹² colony forming units (CFUs) per g of concentrate. Such concentrates may be provided as starter culture compositions comprising further suitable components such as e.g. preserving agents, stabilizing agent, cryoprotectants, nutrients, bacterial growth factors or further active components including enzymes.

[0039] An interesting use of the above lactic acid bacterial cell is in the manufacturing of a probiotically active composition. In the present context, the term “probiotically active” indicates that the bacteria selected for this purpose have characteristics which enable them to colonize in the gastrointestinal tract and hereby exert a beneficial regulatory effect on the microbial flora in this habitat. Such an effect may be recognizable as an improved food or feed conversion in humans or animals to which the cells are administered, or as an increased resistance against invading pathogenic microorganisms.

[0040] The above lactic acid bacterial cell can also be provided in the form of a culture for the production of an aroma or antimicrobially active compound.

[0041] In a particularly useful embodiment, the above lactic acid bacterial cell is one wherein the DNA sequence comprising the sequence coding for the multifunctional polypeptide is modified so as to inactivate or reduce the production of or the activity of at least one of the enzymatic activities selected from the group consisting of (i) acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ACDH) activity whereby acetyl CoA is converted into acetaldehyde, (ii) alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity whereby acetaldehyde is converted into ethanol, (iii) capability of converting acetyl CoA into ethanol and (iv) pyruvate formate-lyase deactivase activity.

[0042] Such a modification can be made by methods which are known per se in the art. Thus, as typical examples, a DNA modification can be in the form of deletion, insertion or substitution of one or more nucleotides in the coding sequence possibly leading to the translation of a polypeptide having a modified amino acid composition. Such a modified polypeptide may have lost one or more of the above enzymatic activities or it/they may be reduced. An inactivation of the coding sequence may also be obtained by random or site-directed mutagenesis, e.g. using a transposable element which is integratable in the replicon comprising the coding sequence. Another useful means of providing inactivated mutants is Campbell-like homologous integration as it is described in the below examples.

[0043] The level of production of the multi-functional polypeptide can also be reduced by modifying or regulating regulatory sequences controlling the expression of the gene coding for the polypeptide. Thus, as one example, a native constitutive promoter can be replaced by a regulatable promoter, the function of which can be reduced or inhibited under appropriate conditions such as those physical and chemical promoter regulating factors as mentioned above. Alternatively, a native promoter which is in itself regulatable by certain factors may be replaced by another regulatable promoter which is negatively regulatable by other factors present in the cultivation medium for the recombinant cell.

[0044] Generally, the term “metabolic engineering” in relation to lactic acid bacteria covers manipulations of the bacteria themselves or of the conditions under which they are cultivated whereby the production of metabolites from the fermentation of sugars or citrate is modulated quantitatively or qualitatively. Accordingly, a lactic acid bacterial cell which is modified as described above in one or more of its glycolytic pathways can be characterized as a metabolically engineered cell. Dependent on the type and the site of the DNA modification such a cell will be at least partially blocked in one or more of the above pathways catalyzed by the multi-functional polypeptide (R6/R7 in FIG. 1) and/or the pyruvate formate-lyase deactivase activity will be reduced or blocked. Accordingly, such a metabolically engineered cell may as a result of these modifications produce increased amounts of i.a. acetaldehyde, ethanol and/or acetate.

[0045] In a further useful embodiment, the above lactic acid bacterial cell is one wherein the DNA sequence comprising the sequence coding for the multi-functional polypeptide is modified so as to enhance the production of or the activity of at least one of its native enzymatic activities as defined above. It is contemplated that such a modification can be provided by appropriate modifications of the coding sequence itself which result in an enhanced production level of the polypeptide and/or the production of a modified polypeptide having an enhanced activity of at least one of its native activities. Such modification can be made by substitution, deletion or insertion of one or more nucleotides using any conventional methods for such DNA modifications, including random or site-directed mutagenesis followed by selection of the desired mutants.

[0046] Alternatively, a lactic acid bacterial cell having enhanced production of and/or enhanced activity of at least one of its native enzymatic activities can be provided by suitable modifications of sequences regulating the production and/or the activity of the multifunctional polypeptide. One suitable manner whereby this can be obtained is by operably linking the coding sequence to a promoter sequence having a stronger promoter activity than the native promoter for the coding sequence.

[0047] In suitable embodiments such an inserted promoter is regulatable by a factor as mentioned above and the expression of the polypeptide can then be enhanced by cultivating the cell in the presence of a factor which mediates a strong promoter activity. It is contemplated that an enhanced production of the AdhE polypeptide in a host cell can be obtained by using a replicon which occurs in a high copy number in that host cell.

[0048] It is aimed at that such a metabolically engineered lactic acid bacterial cell having enhanced production of and/or enhanced activity of at least one of its native enzymatic activities will result in that the cell produces increased amounts of at least one metabolite selected from the group consisting of acetaldehyde, ethanol, formate, acetate, acetoin, diacetyl and 2,3 butylene glycol. Thus, in preferred embodiments, such metabolically engineered have a production of one or more of these metabolites which, in comparison with a wild type strain, is at least 2-fold higher such as at last 5-fold higher, e.g. at least 10-fold higher or even at least 20-fold higher.

[0049] The present invention relates in a still further aspect to an isolated lactic acid bacterial DNA sequence that comprises a sequence coding for a polypeptide having pyruvate formate-lyase activity, i.e. a pfl gene. In useful embodiments, such a DNA sequence further comprises at least one regulatory sequence operably linked to the coding sequence and regulating the production of the pyruvate formate-lyase polypeptide or coding for a gene product regulating the pyruvate formate-lyase activity of the polypeptide. In the following, the gene product of pfl will also be referred to as a Pfl polypeptide.

[0050] Such regulatory sequences may be located upstream and/or downstream of the coding sequence. The regulatory sequences may be sequences which are natively associated with the coding sequence or they may be inserted or modified promoter sequences not natively associated with the coding sequence, but which can be operably linked to the coding sequence. Such sequences which are not natively associated with the coding sequence may be derived from the bacterial strain which is the source of the coding sequence or from a different organism. In this context, regulatory sequences include a promoter sequence, a ribosome binding site, a sequence coding for a gene product which either enhances or inhibits the expression of the coding sequence, such as a repressor or activator substance including e.g an antisense RNA, a transcription terminator sequence or a leader sequence directing the excretion of the Pfl polypeptide. In a useful embodiment, the coding sequence is under the control of a regulatable promoter as defined hereinbefore and being regulatable as also described above.

[0051] The activity of the pyruvate formate-lyase enzyme can be regulated or modulated under anaerobic conditions by the presence or absence of an activase and a deactivase, respectively. Accordingly, the DNA sequence comprising the sequence coding for the Pfl polypeptide preferably comprises sequences coding for a pyruvate formate-lyase activase (act gene) and/or a pyruvate formate-lyase deactivase. In preferred embodiments, such a deactivase is a polypeptide having at least one enzymatic activity selected from the group consisting of (i) acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ACDH) activity whereby acetyl CoA is converted into acetaldehyde, (ii) alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity whereby acetaldehyde is converted into ethanol, (iii) capability of converting acetyl CoA into ethanol and (iv) pyruvate formate-lyase deactivase activity as defined hereinbefore.

[0052] In accordance with the invention, the Pfl-encoding DNA sequence can be derived from any lactic acid bacterium including a Lactobacillus species, a Streptococcus species, a Pediococcus species a Bifidobacterium species, a Leuconostoc species and a Lactococcus species such as Lactococcus lactis including Lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis, Lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis biovar diacetylactis and Lactococcus lactis subspecies cremoris.

[0053] It has been found that the Pfl polypeptide as encoded by the pfl gene of Lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis biovar diacetylactis strain DB1341 comprises 787 amino acids (Table 3.2 below) (SEQ ID NO:15) and has a deduced molecular weight of 89.1 kDa. This polypeptide shows considerable identity with known pfl gene products (Table 3.1). Furthermore, it has been found that the corresponding pfl gene in Lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis MG1363 differs from the DB1341 gene in only about 50 of the nucleotides.

[0054] In specific embodiments, the DNA sequence comprising a Pfl encoding sequence comprises the coding sequence as shown in Table 3.2 below (SEQ ID NO:15), the sequence designated mg1363-pfl as shown in Table 3.6 (SEQ ID NO:22) and the sequence shown in Table 5.3 (SEQ ID NOS:36 and 38), or a DNA sequence which is a mutant or variant hereof which codes for a polypeptide having pyruvate formate-lyase activity, the term “mutant or variant” being used in the same manner as defined hereinbefore.

[0055] In accordance with the invention, a pfl gene as defined herein encompasses any of the specific sequences as exemplified in the following and a lactic acid bacterial sequence coding for a polypeptide having the enzymatic activity of the gene products of such isolated sequences which has a DNA homology of at least 50% with the coding sequence of the plf of L. lactis strains DB1341 or MG1363 such as at least 60% homology including at least 70% homology or at least 80% homology, e.g. at least 90% homology.

[0056] In useful embodiments of the invention, the lactic acid bacterium-derived DNA sequence codes for a Pfl protein that is at least 30% identical with the gene products of the pfl gene of Streptococcus mutans (FASTA, GCG Wisconsin, Accession No. D50491) or the pfl gene of Hemophilus influenzae (FASTA, GCG Wisconsin, Accession Nos. U32812 and L42023) or the gene product of the sequence of Table 3.2 herein (SEQ ID NO:15). In other useful embodiments, the identity to such gene products is at least 40%, such as at least 50%, such as at least 60% identity or even at least 70% identity. The homology between the above gene products may also be expressed in terms of amino acid similarity in which case the similarity suitably is at least 60%, such as at least 70%, e.g. at least 80% similarity.

[0057] In accordance with the invention, the DNA sequence coding for the Pfl polypeptide may also be a coding sequence of lactic acid bacterial origin that hybridizes to the pfl encoding sequence isolated from L. lactis strain MG1363, under the following conditions: hybridization overnight at 65° C. followed by washing the filter twice in 5×SSC at room temperature for 30 minutes and subsequently once in 3×SSC; 0.1% SDS at 65° C. for 30 minutes.

[0058] It was found that e.g. in L. lactis open reading frames may be identified upstream of the coding region for the Pfl polypeptide. Such open reading frames were designated orfA and it was found that the gene products hereof has a function in transport across cell membranes of formate. Thus, it was found that a mutant strain of L. lactis wherein the open reading had been disrupted showed an increased tolerance to the toxic formate analogue, hypophosphite.

[0059] In accordance with the invention there is also provided herein a recombinant replicon comprising the above Pfl-encoding DNA sequence. Such a replicon can be derived from a plasmid, a lactic acid bacterial bacteriophage or a lactic acid bacterial chromosome.

[0060] In one aspect the invention relates to a recombinant lactic acid bacterial host cell comprising such a replicon. The cell can be selected from the group consisting of a Lactococcus species, a Lactobacillus species, a Streptococcus species, a Pediococcus species a Bifidobacterium species and a Leuconostoc species.

[0061] The lactic acid bacterial cell may conveniently be provided in the form of a starter culture composition for use in the manufacturing of food products as described above. It is also contemplated that the above cells may be used as probiotically active cultures or as inoculants in animal feed preservation. In this connection, a particular use is as inoculants in field crops or animal waste materials which are subjected to an ensiling process.

[0062] In particularly useful embodiments, the above lactic acid bacterial cell is one wherein the DNA sequence coding for pyruvate formate-lyase activity is modified whereby the production of the pyruvate formate-lyase is reduced or eliminated or whereby the enzyme is produced in a modified form having a reduced pyruvate formate-lyase activity.

[0063] Such a modification can, as it has been described above for a cell comprising a sequence coding for the AdhE polypeptide, be made by methods which are known per se in the art. Thus, as typical examples, a DNA modification can e.g. be made by deletion, insertion or substitution of one or more nucleotides in the coding sequence possibly leading to the expression of a polypeptide having a modified amino acid composition. An inactivation of the coding sequence can also be obtained by random or site-directed mutagenesis, e.g. by using a transposable element which is integratable in the replicon comprising the coding sequence. Another possible means of providing Pfl-inactivated (pfl⁻)mutants is Campbell-like homologous integration.

[0064] The level of expression of the Pfl polypeptide can also be reduced by modifying or regulating regulatory sequences controlling the production of the polypeptide. Thus, as one example, a native constitutive promoter can be replaced by a regulatable promoter, the function of which can be reduced or inhibited under appropriate conditions such as those physical and chemical promoter regulating factors as mentioned hereinbefore. Alternatively, a native promoter which is in itself regulatable by certain factors may be replaced by another regulatable promoter which is negatively regulatable by other factors present in the cultivation medium for the recombinant cell.

[0065] A cell being modified in this manner will be a metabolically engineered cell, since under conditions where the pyruvate formate-lyase is normally metabolically active as shown in FIG. 1 such a modified cell will lack one of the major pathways whereby the pyruvate pool in normally consumed. This will result in a modification of the metabolic pathways based on pyruvate including an enhanced flux towards α-acetolactate which is a precursor substance for diacetyl, acetoin and 2,3 butylene glycol. Such a cell is particularly useful in dairy starter cultures where such flavour compounds are generally desirable.

[0066] In further useful embodiments, the lactic acid bacterial cell according to the invention is a cell wherein the DNA sequence comprising the sequence coding for pyruvate formate-lyase is modified so that the production of the pyruvate formate-lyase is enhanced or so that the enzyme is produced in a modified form having an increased pyruvate formate-lyase activity.

[0067] Analogously with what is described above with respect to the modifications leading to an enhanced expression or activity of the AdhE polypeptide, it is contemplated that such a modification can be provided by appropriate modifications of the coding sequence itself which result in an enhanced production level of the Pfl polypeptide and/or the production of a modified polypeptide having an enhanced activity of at least one of its native activities. Such modifications can be made by substitution, deletion or insertion of one or more nucleotides using any conventional methods for such DNA modifications, including random or site-directed mutagenesis followed by selection of the desired mutants.

[0068] Alternatively, a lactic acid bacterial cell having enhanced production of and/or enhanced activity of pyruvate formate-lyase can be provided by suitable modifications of sequences regulating the expression of the pfl gene and/or the activity of the enzyme. One suitable manner whereby this can be obtained is by operably linking the coding sequence to a promoter sequence having a stronger promoter activity than the native promoter for the coding sequence. In suitable embodiments such an inserted promoter is regulatable by a factor as mentioned above and the production of the polypeptide can then be enhanced by cultivating the cell in the presence of a factor which confers a strong promoter activity. It is contemplated that a thus modified lactic acid bacterial cell produces increased amounts of formate and/or acetate. Enhanced production of the Pfl polypeptide may also be obtained in a host by using a replicon which occurs in a high copy number in that host cell or by chromosomal amplification.

[0069] In accordance with the invention, there is also provided a recombinant lactic acid bacterial cell comprising both the DNA sequence comprising the above sequence coding for an AdhE polypeptide, and the above sequence comprising a sequence coding for pyruvate formate-lyase, in both instances including sequences regulating the production and/or the activity of the enzyme activities. As used herein, the term “recombinant” implies that at least one of the coding sequences or regulatory sequences is not a naturally occurring sequence. The sequences may be located on the same replicon or they may be on separate replicons.

[0070] Preferably, at least one of the sequences of the above cell is modified so as to modify the production of the pyruvate formate-lyase or the activity hereof, or the distribution of the amounts of end products resulting from the lactose and/or citrate metabolism of the cell.

[0071] It will be understood that a lactic acid bacterium which is metabolically engineered in accordance with the invention so that it has an enhanced production of one or more metabolites is useful in a method of producing such a metabolite or such metabolites. In general, such a the method comprises cultivating a lactic acid bacterium which is metabolically engineered in accordance with the invention under conditions where the metabolite is produced, and isolating the metabolite from the culture. The isolation of the metabolite may be carried out according to any conventional methods of recovering the particular substance, such as e.g. distillation.

[0072] As it is also mentioned above, the lactic acid bacterial cells according to the invention are useful as food starter cultures. In accordance herewith, the invention also provides a method of producing a food product, the method comprising the step of admixing to the food product starting materials a starter culture of a lactic acid bacterium as defined above and keeping the mixture under conditions allowing the starter culture to be metabolically active. Such a method where a starter culture which is metabolically engineered in accordance with the invention is used will, dependent on the type of metabolite modifications, result in a food product having an improved flavour and/or a product which has an improved shelf life due to an enhanced production of antimicrobially active metabolites by the starter culture.

[0073] The invention will now be further illustrated in the below examples and the drawing wherein:

[0074]FIG. 1 illustrates selected metabolic pathways in citrate fermenting lactic acid bacteria;

[0075]FIG. 2 shows an overview of the cloned L. lactis DB1341 adhE gene (open arrow), the sequence strategy for clone 1 (box in middle) and the regions covered by the λZAP clones adhE1 and adhE3 (bottom). The nucleotide position of relevant restriction sites is shown (top). The position of PCR and sequencing primers is shown as small open arrows. A putative transcription terminator present downstream of the stop codon is shown as a circle. The rbs box shows the position of a consensus lactococcal ribosome binding site. Arrows show the sequencing strategy for clone 1 (middle);

[0076]FIG. 3 shows an overview of the cloned L. lactis DB1341 adhE gene fragment (open arrow). The nucleotide position of relevant restriction sites is shown (top). The position of PCR and sequencing primers is shown as small open arrows. A putative transcription terminator present downstream of the stop codon is shown as a circle. The rbs box shows the position of a consensus lactococcal ribosome binding site. The cloned PCR fragments of the L. lactis MG1363 adhE gene are shown as lines (MGadhESTART and MGadhESTOP). The PCR fragments used to clone into pSMA500 for gene inactivation in strain DB1341 are shown as open boxes (pSMAKAS4 and pSMAKAS5);

[0077]FIG. 4 is an overview of the cloned Lactococcus lactis DB1341 strain (L. lactis subspecies lactis biovar diacetylactis) pfl gene (open arrow box). The nucleotide positions of relevant restriction sites are shown (top). The position of PCR and sequencing primers is shown as small open arrows. A putative ribosome binding site (rbs box) and a transcription terminator present downstream of the stop codon is shown as a circle. The plf1 (open box) shows the fragment of the λZAP clone of the DB1341 genomic library containing a pfl gene fragment. The cloned PCR fragment of the L. lactis subspecies lactis MG1363 pfl fragment is shown as a line (MGpfl1). A Sau3AI fragment used for gene inactivation in strain DB1341 is shown as an open box (pSMAKAS7). The pfl region included in the fragment as obtained by inverse PCR from DB1341 using EcoRI digestion and primers pfl1-250 and pfl1-390 is shown as a dotted box (pflup-1);

[0078]FIG. 5 is a genetic map of the L. lactis MG1363 adhE locus including the orfB open reading frame. In the upper part are indicated primer sequences;

[0079]FIG. 6 illustrates the structure of the L. lactis OrfA protein. The shadowed box at the terminal region of OrfA depicts the area covered by the internal orfA fragment used for gene inactivation. The two transmembrane regions were identified using the PredictProtein server at the EMBL, Heidelberg, Germany;

[0080]FIG. 7 illustrates expression of orfA in L. lactis. A: genetic map of orfA showing the region covered by the probe (thick line below orfA) used in expression studies and in the construction of a null mutant strain. B: Northern blot analysis. RNA isolated from MG1363 was hybridized to the orfA probe. Lane 1: exponential culture in GM17 aerobic; lane 2: same, anaerobic; lane 3: stationary culture in GM17, aerobic; lane 4: same, anaerobic; lane 5: exponential culture i GalM17, aerobic; lane 6: same, anaerobic. The transcript size is shown in kb to the left. The autoradiogram was exposed for 14 days;

[0081]FIG. 8 illustrates inhibition of growth by hypophosphite in strains of L. lactis. Strains were grown anaerobically overnight in GM17 supplemented with different concentrations of hypophosphite. At the end of the incubation period (about 18 hours), OD₆₀₀ was measured. Symbols: (♦) MG1363; (▴) MG1363Δo-rfA; (▪) MG1363 pAK80::orfA;

[0082]FIG. 9 shows a genetic map of the L. lactis MG1363 pfl gene, showing the region used as a probe in the identification of pfl homologues in other lactic acid bacteria, including the position of EcoR1 sites;

[0083]FIG. 10 shows autoradiograms from Southern hybridization of genomic DNA from non-Lactococcus lactic acid bacteria to a L. lactis pfl probe; Lane 1: L. lactis MG1363; lane 2: Streptococcus thermophilus; lane 3: Leuconostoc mesenteroides; lane 4 Lactobacillus acidophilus. Bands are shown in kb. Filters were exposed 2 h (A) or overnight (B);

[0084]FIG. 11 illustrates two Sau3AI fragments including most of the L. lactis strain DB1341 adhE coding sequence used in Southern hybridization experiments with EcoRI-digested genomic DNA from non-Lactococcus lactic acid bacteria;

[0085]FIG. 12 illustrates detection of adhE homologues in other lactic acid bacteria by Southern hybridization experiments with EcoRI-digested genomic DNA from non-Lactococcus lactic acid bacteria. Lane 1: L. lactis MG1363; lane 2: S. thermophilus; lane 3: L. mesenteroides; lane 4 L. acidophilus. Bands are shown in kb. Filters were exposed overnight;

EXAMPLE 1 Cloning of the L. lactis adhE Gene

[0086] 1. Construction of a L. lactis ssp. lactis Biovar diacetylactis DB1341 Genomic Library for Genetic Complementation

[0087] A genomic library was constructed by cloning partially Sau3AI-digested chromosomal DNA from strain DB1341 into BamHI-digested pSMA500 (Madsen et al. 1996) and transforming into E. coli MC1000 by electroporation (Sambrook et al., 1989). Strain DB1341 was kindly provided by Chr. Hansen A/S, Hørsholm, Denmark. The genomic library consisted of about 10,000 independent recombinant clones with an average insert size of 4 kb. A mixed culture, containing all clones obtained, was grown in LB+erythromycin term, 50 μg/ml) and plasmid DNA was isolated for genetic complementation.

[0088] 2. Genetic Complementation in E. coli NZN111 Using the pSMA500 Library

[0089]E. coli strain NZN111 (pfl⁻; ldb::Tn5; kan^(R)) is unable to grow in the absence of O₂ due to the accumulation of NADH derived from the lack of fermentative enzyme activities encoded by the pfl and ldh genes (Mat-Jan et al., 1989).

[0090] Genetic complementation was attempted by transformation of NZN111 using 200 ng plasmid DNA from the library (see above). Transformation mixtures were plated on LB+erm (50 μg/ml)+Kanamycin (kan; 50 μg/ml) and incubated at 37° C. in anaerobic jars. As a control, pSMA500-transformed strain NZN111 was used. After two days, transformation plates were incubated aerobically for another two days to allow weak complementing clones to grow. A clone was identified (clone 1) in the library-transformed plates, and no growth was observed in the pSMA500 control.

[0091] In a preliminary screening, protein extracts of clone 1 were used in a modified “Ldh” assay (Crow and Pritchard 1977), where the pyruvate-dependent conversion of NADH to NAD is monitored, to ensure that complementation of the fermentative defects in strain NZN111 had occurred. Protein extraction was carried out adding 100 μl 100 mM MOPS buffer (pH 6.5); 2% Triton X-100 to the cell pellet from 1.5 ml stationary cultures grown in LB+erm (50 μg/ml) which had been washed in fresh ice cold LB, and frozen at −80° C. for 15 min. Pellets were dissolved and transferred to Eppendorf tubes. Lysozyme (5 mg) was added and samples were incubated on ice for 30 min. Subsequently, glass beads (100 μM, Sigma; 100 μl) were added and samples were vortexed for 30 sec and kept on ice for 30 sec. This step was repeated 10-15 times, and samples were centrifuged at maximum speed for 2 min. Supernatants were transferred to a new Eppendorf tube and kept at −80° C. until assayed. To measure NADH oxidation, the following components were mixed in a quartz cuvette: 700 μl 100 mM MOPS, pH 6.5; 100 μl 120 mM Na-Pyruvate; 50 μl 2.56 mM NADH and 50 μl H₂O. The decrease in OD₃₄₀ as a result of the oxidation of NADH to NAD was monitored after the addition of 100 μl sample. As control reaction, pyruvate was omitted. No significant decrease in OD was observed in the control. A relatively high conversion rate (approximately 2-fold as compared to the NZN111::pSMA500 control) was observed in clone 1.

[0092] Plasmid DNA was isolated from clone 1 and used to retransform E. coli NZN111. Duplicate LB+erm plates were incubated (i) aerobically for 4 days or (ii) anaerobically for 2 days and then 2 days aerobically at 37° C. A similar number of transformants was obtained in both procedures (see Table 1.1 below) Thus, clone 1 did not result from artifact cloning and can indeed complement the defect in strain NZN111. TABLE 1.1 Retransformation of clone 1 into E. coil NZN111 No. of colonies per 10 ng DNA Plasmid anaerobic growth aerobic growth clone 1 600 800 pSMA500 0 1000

[0093] NZN111 competent cells were electroporated with the corresponding plasmid, and one half of the cell mixture was plated onto LB+kan+erm and incubated without O₂ (anaerobic growth), and the other half was plated onto the same medium and incubated with O₂ (aerobic growth). Transformants were scored after 4 days (see main text).

[0094] A sample of clone 1 in E. coli was deposited under the Budapest Treaty with the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Mascheroder Weg 1b, D-38 124 Braunschweig, Germany on 18 Jul. 1996 under the accession No. DSM 11093.

[0095] 3. Sequence Analysis of Clone 1 and Identification of an adhE Fragment

[0096] Clone 1 was further characterized by restriction enzyme analysis and included a 2.2 kb insert. Sequence analysis determined that it included a 1.7 kb fragment of an open reading frame (ORF) showing homology to the E. coli adhE gene disclosed by Goodlove et al., 1989. The sequence of the 2.2 kb insert is shown in Table 1.2 below (SEQ ID NO:1). TABLE 1.2 Sequence of the insert in clone 1 Sau3AI 1 GATCTGTCCTTAGTACGAGAGGACCGGGATGGACTTACCGCTGGTGTACC (SEQ ID NO:1) 51 AGTTGTTCCGCCAGAGCACGGCTGGATAGCTATGTAGGGAAGGGATAAGC 101 GCTGAAAGCATCTAAGTGCGAAGCCACCTCAAGATGAGATTACCCATTCG                       Sau3AI 151 AGAATTAAGAGCCCAGAGAGATGATCAAGATGTCAATAATTTGCAAAAAA 201 TCTTCTTTCAGCAAAACGGGATTTGAGTTTTTGCTCGATTTGTGGGAATT            Sau3AI 251 TAACAGAAAGTGATCTGTTGAAATCGCAAGCCCTCTCGGTGTACTTGCTG 301 GTATCGTTCCAACGACTAATCCAACATCAACAGCAATCTTTAAATCTTTA 351 TTGACTGCAAAAACACGTAATGCTATTGTTTTCGCTTTCCACCCTCAAGC 401 TCAAAAATGTTCAAGCCATGCAGCAAAAATTGTTTACGATGCTGCAATTG 451 AAGCTGGTGCACCGGAAGACTTTATTCAATGGATTGAAGTACCAAGCCTT 501 GACATGACTACCGCCTTGATTCAAAACCGTGGACTTGCAACAATCCTTGC 551 AACTGGTGGCCCAGGAATGGTAAACGCCGCACTCAAATCTGGTAACCCTT 601 CACTCGGTGTTGGAGCTGGTAATGGTGCTGTTTATGTTGATGCAACTGCA 651 AATATTGAACGTGCCGTTGAAGACCTTTTGCTTTCAAAACGTTTTGATAA                                            −35 701 TGGGATGATTTGTGCCACTGAAAATTCAGCTGTTATTGATGCTTCAGTTT                  −10           SD        → 751 ATGATGAATTTATTGCTAAAATGCAAGAACAAGGCGCTTATATGGTTCCT                                          {overscore (M  )}V  P 3 (SEQ ID NO:2) 801 AAAAAAGACTACAAAGCTATTGAAAGTTTCGTTTTTGTTGAACGTGCTGG K  K  D  Y  K  A  I  E  S  F  V  F  V  E  R  A  G 20 851 TGAAGGTTTTGGAGTAACTGGTCCTGTTGCCGGTCGTTCTGGTCAATGGA  E  G  F  G  V  T  G  P  V  A  G  R  S  G  Q  W  I 37 901 TTGCTGAACAAGCTGGTGTCAAAGTTCCTAAAGATAAAGATGTCCTTCTT   A  E  Q  A  G  V  K  V  P  K  D  K  D  V  L  L 53 951 TTTGAACTTGATAAGAAAAATATTGGTGAAGCACTTTCTTCTGAAAAACT F  E  L  D  K  K  N  I  G  E  A  L  S  S  E  K  L 70 1001 TTCTCCTTTGCTTTCAATCTACAAAGCTGAAACACGTGAAGAAGGAATTG  S  P  L  L  S  I  Y  K  A  E  T  R  E  E  G  I  E 87 1051 AGATTGTACGTAGCTTACTTGCTTATCAAGGTGCTGGACATAATGCTGCA   I  V  R  S  L  L  A  Y  Q  G  A  G  H  N  A  A 103                      Sau3AI 1101 ATTCAAATCGGTGCAATGGATGATCCATTCGTTAAAGAATATGGCGAAAA I  Q  I  G  A  M  D  D  P  F  V  K  E  Y  G  E  K 120 1151 AGTTGAAGCTTCTCGTATCCTCGTTAACCAACCAGATTCTATTGGTGGGG  V  E  A  S  R  I  L  V  N  Q  P  D  S  I  G  G  V 137 1201 TCGGAGATATCTATACTGATGCAATGCGTCCATCACTTACACTTGGAACT   G  D  I  Y  T  D  A  M  R  P  S  L  T  L  G  T 153                                              Sau3AI 1251 GGTTCATGGGGGAAAAATTCACTTTCACACAATTTGAGTACATACGATCT G  S  W  G  K  N  S  L  S  H  N  L  S  T  Y  D  L 170 1301 ATTGAATGTTAAAACAGTGGCTAAACGTCGTAATCGCCCACAATGGGTTC  L  N  V  K  T  V  A  K  R  R  N  R  P  Q  W  V  R 187 1351 GTTTGCCAAAAGAAATTTACTACGAAAAAAATGCAATTTCTTACTTACAA   L  P  K  E  I  Y  Y  E  K  N  A  I  S  Y  L  Q 203 1401 GAATTGCCACACGTCCACAAAGCTTTCATCGTTGCTGACCCTGGTATGGT E  L  P  H  V  H  K  A  F  I  V  A  D  P  G  M  V 220 1451 TAAATTTGGTTTCGTTGATAAAGTTTTGGAACAACTTGCTATCCGCCCAA  K  F  G  F  V  D  K  V  L  E  Q  L  A  I  R  P  T 237 1501 CTCAAGTTGAAACAAGCATTTATGGCTCTGTTCAACCTGACCCAACTTTG   Q  V  E  T  S  I  Y  G  S  V  Q  P  D  P  T  L 253 1551 AGCGAAGCAATTGCAATCGCTCGTCAAATGAAACAATTTGAACCTGACAC S  E  A  I  A  I  A  R  Q  M  K  Q  F  E  P  D  T 270 1601 TGTCATCTGTCTTGGTGGTGGTTCTGCTCTCGATGCCGGTAAGATTGGTC  V  I  C  L  G  G  G  S  A  L  D  A  G  K  I  G  R 287 1651 GTTTGATTTATGAATATGATGCTCGTGGTGAAGCTGACCTTTCTGATGAT   L  I  Y  E  Y  D  A  R  G  E  A  D  L  S  D  D 303 1701 GCAAGTTTGAAAGAACTTTTCCAAGAATTAGCTCAAAAATTTGTCGATAT A  S  L  K  E  L  F  Q  E  L  A  Q  K  F  V  D  I 320 1751 TCGTAAACGTATTATTAAATTCTACCATCCACATAAAGCACAAATGGTTG  R  K  R  I  I  K  F  Y  F  Y  H  P  H  K  A  Q  M  V  A 337 1801 CAATTCCTACTACTTCTGGTACTGGTTCTGAAGTGACTCCATTTGCAGTT   I  P  T  T  S  G  T  G  S  E  V  T  P  F  A  V 353 1851 ATCACTGATGATGAAACTCATGTTAAGTACCCACTTGCTGACTACCAATT I  T  D  D  E  T  H  V  K  Y  P  L  A  D  Y  Q  L 370 1901 AACACCACAAGTTGCCATTGTTGACCCTGAGTTTGTTATGACTGTACCAA  T  P  Q  V  A  I  V  D  P  E  F  V  M  T  V  P  K 387 1951 AACGTACTGTTTCTTGGTCTGGTATTGATGCGATGTCACACGCGCTTGAA   R  T  V  S  W  S  G  I  D  A  M  S  H  A  L  E 403 2001 TCTTACGTTTCTGTTATGTCTTCTGACTATACAAAACCAATTTCACTTCA S  Y  V  S  V  M  S  S  D  Y  T  K  P  I  S  L  Q 420    Sau3AI 2051 AGCGATCCCGGGTCTAGATTAGGGTAACTTTGAAAGGA  A  I  P  G  L  D  *

[0097] Sau3AI recognition sites are indicated above the sequence. DNA homology to the E. coli adhE starts at nucleotide position 262 (data not shown). A Sau3AI fragment with 100% homology to the 23S rRNA of L. lactis is shown doubly underlined at the top (positions 1-173). Putative expression signals functional in E. coli are shown: −35, −10 promoter regions (underlined); Shine Dalgarno (SD, doubly underlined) and putative start codon (bold, discontinuous underline). The amino acid sequence of the open reading frame is given in one-letter-code. The open reading frame ends in the multiple cloning site of vector pSMA500 (doubly underlined at bottom) (Madsen et al., 1996).

[0098]E. coli AdhE is a multi-functional protein consisting of 890 amino acids that catalyzes the conversion of acetyl CoA into ethanol and has acetaldehyde-DHase (ACDH) and alcohol-DHase (ADH) activities. Additionally, AdhE shows Pfl deactivase activity involved in the inactivation of pyruvate-formate lyase, a key enzyme in anaerobic metabolism (Knappe et al. 1991).

[0099] As shown in the above Table 1.2 and Table 1.3 below, clone 1 includes the ADH domain of a L. lactis AdhE homologue, and it contains expression signals necessary for expression in E. coli (Shine Dalgarno and −35 and −10 regions). The putative gene product of 427 amino acids is highly homologous to a number of other iron-dependent ADHs. Comparison at the protein level showed a 41.4% identity (78% similarity) with E. coli AdhE, in addition to significant homology to other ADHs of both eukaryotic and prokaryotic origin (Table 1.3). TABLE 1.3 Homology search (FASTA, GCG Wisconsin package version 8, Genetics Computer Group) using the 427 amino acid putative protein encoded by clone 1 (see also TABLE 1.2) The region of homology to AdhE corresponds to the central region, where the ADH domain is possibly located. Only homology to the best score is shown. (Peptide) FASTA of: clone1.pep from: 1 to: 427 TRANSLATE of: clone1.seq check: 2521 from: 792 to: 2072 The best scores are: init1 initn opt.. sw:adhe_ecoli P17547 escherichia coli. alcohol dehydroge. 276 736 768 sw:adhe_cloab P33744 clostridium acetobutylicum. alcoh.. 256 600 703 sw:adh1_cloab P13604 clostridium acetobutylicum. nadph.. 256 357 279 sw:medh_bacmt P31005 bacillus methanolicus. nad-depend.. 169 224 173 sw:adh4_yeast P10127 saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's.. 146 224 165 sw:adhf_schpo Q09669 schizosaccharomyces pombe (fission. 146 219 162 sw:yiay_ecoli P37686 escherichia coli. hypothetical 40.. 158 218 187 sw:sucd_clok1 P38947 clostriclium kluyveri. succinate-s.. 132 186 179 sw:adh2_zymmo P06758 zymomonas mobilis. alcohol dehydr.. 129 180 169 sw:fuco_ecoli P11549 escherichia coli. lactaldehyde re.. 141 175 147 sw:adha_cloab Q04944 clostridium acetobutylicum. nadh-.. 136 153 145 clone1.pep sw:adhe_ecoli ID ADHE_ECOLI STANDARD; PRT; 890 AA. AC P17547; DE ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE (EC 1.1.1.1) (ADH)/ACETALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE . . . SCORES Init1: 276 Initn: 736 Opt: 768 41.4% identity in 430 aa overlap                                       10        20        30 clone 1                               MVPKKDYKAIESFVFVERAGEGFGVTGPVA (SEQ ID NO:2)                               ::: |: ||::: ::  ::|   ::::::: adhe_e GVICASEQSVVVVDSVYDAVRERFATHGGYLLQGKELKAVQDVIL--KNG---ALNAAIV (corresponding to a.a. residues 43-762 of SEQ ID NO:6)       250       260       270       280            290         40        50        60        70        80        90 clone 1 GRSGQWIAEQAGVKVPKDKDVLLFELDKKNIGEALSSEKLSPLLSIYKAETREEGIEIVR |:::  ||| || :||:::::|: |::  : :|::: ||||| |::|:|:: |:::| : adhe_e GQPAYKIAELAGFSVPENTKILIGEVTVVDESEPFAHEKLSPTLAMYRAKDFEDAVEKAE  300       310       320       330       340       350        100       110        120       130       140      149 clone1 SLLAYQGAGHNAAIQIGAMDDP-FVKEYGEKVEASRILVNQPDSIGGVGDIYTDAMRPSL :|:|  | ||:: : ::: ::|  |: :|:|::::|||:| |:| ||:||:|:  : ||| adhe_e KLVAMGGIGHTSCLYTDQDNQPARVSYFGQKMKTARILINTPASQGGIGDLYNFKLAPSL  360       370       380       390       400       410 150       160       170       180       190       200 clone1 TLGTGSWGKNSLSHNLSTYDLLNVKTVAKRRNRPQWVRLPKEIYYEKNAISY-LQE-LPH ||| |||| ||:|:|::: :|:| |||||| ::  | :|||:||: :::::  |:| ::: adhe_e TLGCGSWGGNSISENVGPKHLINKKTVAKRAENMLWHKLPKSIYFRRGSLPIALDEVITD  420       430       440       450       460       470 210        220       230       240       250       260 clone1 VHK-AFIVADPGMVKFGFVDKVLEQLAIRPTQVETSIYGSVQPDPTLSEAIAIARQMKQF  || |:||:|: : : |::|:: : |  ::: |||::: :|::||||| :   |   : | adhe_e GHKRALIVTDRFLFNNGYADQITSVL--KAAGVETEVFFEVEADPTLSIVRKGAELANSF  480       490      500          510       520       530  270       280       290       300       310       320 clone1 EPDTVICLGGGSALDAGKIGRLIYEYDARGEADLSDDASLKELFQELAQKFVDIRKRIIK :||::| |||||::||:|| :::||   : |::          |:||| :|:|||||| | adhe_e KPDVIIALGGGSPMDAAKIMWVMYE---HPETH----------FEELALRFMDIRKRIYK    540       550          560                 570       580   330       340       350       360       370       380 clone1 FYH-PHKAQMVAIPTTSGTGSEVTPFAVITDDETHVKYPLADYQLTPQVAIVDPEFVMTV | :   ||:|:|::||||||||||||||:|||:|  |||||||:|||::||||:::||:: adhe_e FPKMGVKAKMIAVTTTSGTGSEVTPFAVVTDDATGQKYPLADYALTPDMAIVDANLVMDM       590       600       610       620       630       640   390       400       410       420 clone1 PKRTVSWSGIDAMSHALESYVSVMSSDYTKPISLQAIPGLD ||:  :::|:||::||:|:||||::|::::  :|||:  |: adhe_e PKSLCAFGGLDAVTHAMEAYVSVLASEFSDGQALQALKLLKEYLPASYHEGSKNPVARER       650       660       670       680       690       700 adhe_e VHSAATIAGIAFANAFLGVCHSMAHKLGSQFHIPHGLANALLICNVIRYNANDNPTKQTA       710       720       730       740       750       760

[0100] 4. DNA Hybridization of the DB1341 λZAP Library Using an adhE Fragment

[0101] Sequence comparison of clone 1 with the previously cloned adhE gene indicated that the first 500 bp and the last 600 bp of the putative L. lactis adhE homologue were not present in clone 1. Therefore, a λZAP genomic library of strain DB1341 was constructed according to manufacturer's instructions (Stratagene). The average insert size was estimated to be approx. 3 kb, with 80% recombinant clones. Approximately 2×10⁵ pfu were screened using a 0.8 kb Sau3AI fragment (position 1296-2054 in Table 1.2) and 10 positive clones (named adhE-1 to 10 were selected for characterization.

[0102] 5. Sequencing of Positive λZAP adhE Clones

[0103] Following ‘in vivo’ excision of the pBK plasmid version (Stratagene) of the clones, restriction mapping and sequencing of clones adhE-1 and adhE-3 was carried out as shown in FIG. 2. Clone adhE-1 included a 1.7 kb insert that was identical to the adhE fragment of clone 1 (position 262-2054 in Table 1.2). Clone adhE-3 contained a 4 kb insert spanning from the Sau3AI site at position 1296 in Table 1.2. This fragment could harbour the 3′-end of the L. lactis adhE gene. Sequence analysis of this clone confirmed that it included the 3′-end of the L. lactis adhE gene, which ends with a double stop codon (TAATAA, position 2854-2859 in Table 1.4 below). Downstream from this position, a possible transcription terminator was found (position 2883-2905 in Table 1.4).

[0104] A sample of clones adhE-1 and adhE-3, respectively in E. coli was deposited under the Budapest Treaty with the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Mascheroder Weg 1b, D-38 124 Braunschweig, Germany on 25 Jul. 1996 under the accession Nos DSM 11101 and DSM 11102, respectively. TABLE 1.4 Sequence of the L. lactis DB1341 adhE gene (SEQ ID NO:3) 1 AAGCTTGTTACAAAACCGTTTTCTAAACTTTTGATGAGTGTTTTTGTAAA (SEQ ID NO:3) 1 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 50 AACTATCACAATATTGCTTGACATCTATAAAAAACTTTGTTAAACTATTC 51 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 100 ACGTAAAAGAAAGTGAATGAAGTCACAAAGGAGAACCTACAAATATGGCA 101 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 150                                              MetAla — (SEQ ID NO:4) ACTAAAAAAGCCGCTCCAGCTGCAAAGAAAGTTTTAAGCGCTGAAGAAAA 151 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 200 ThrLysLysAlaAlaProAlaAlaLysLysValLeuSerAlaGluGluLys — AGCCGCAAAATTCCAAGAAGCTGTTGCTTATACTGACAAATTAGTCAAAA 201 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 250  AlaAlaLysPheGlnGluAlaValAlaTyrThrAspLysLeuValLysLys — AAGCACAAGCTGCTGTTCTTAAATTTGAAGGATATACACAAACTCAAGTC 251 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 300   AlaGlnAlaAlaValLeuLysPheGluGlyTyrThrGlnThrGlnVal — GATACTATTGTCGCTGCAATGGCTCTTGCAGCAAGCAAACATTCTCTAGA 301 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 350 AspThrIleValAlaAlaMetAlaLeuAlaAlaSerLysHisSerLeuGlu — ACTCGCTCATGAAGCCGTTAACGAAACTGGTCGTGGTGTTGTCGAAGACA 351 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 400  LeuAlaHisGluAlaValAsnGluThrGlyArgGlyValValGluAspLys — AATGACAAAACTGTTGGTGTCATTTCTGAAAACAAGGTTGCTGGATCTGT 401 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 450   AspThrLysAsnHisPheAlaSerGluSerValTyrAsnAlaIleLys — AATGACAAAACTGTTGGTGTCATTTCTGAAAACAAGGTTGCTGGATCTGT 451 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 500 AsnAspLysThrValGlyValIleSerGluAsnLysValAlaGlySerVal — TGAAATCGCAAGCCCTCTCGGTGTACTTGCTGGTATCGTTCCAACGACTA 501 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 550  GluIleAlaSerProLeuGlyValLeuAlaGlyIleValProThrThrAsn — ATCCAACATCAACAGCAATCTTTAAATCTTTATTGACTGCAAAAACACGT 551 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 600   ProThrSerThrAlaIlePheLysSerLeuLeuThrAlaLysThrArg — AATGCTATTGTTTTCGCTTTCCACCCTCAAGCTCAAAAATGTTCAAGCCA 601 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 650 AsnAlaIleValPheAlaPheHisProGlnAlaGlnLysCysSerSerHis — TGCAGCAAAAATTGTTTACGATGCTGCAATTGAAGCTGGTGCACCGGAAG 651 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 700  AlaAlaLysIleValTyrAspAlaAlaIleGluAlaGlyAlaProGluAsp — ACTTTATTCAATGGATTGAAGTACCAAGCCTTGACATGACTACCGCCTTG 701 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 750   PheIleGlnTrpIleGluValProSerLeuAspMetThrThrAlaLeu — ATTCAAAACCGTGGACTTGCAACAATCCTTGCAACTGGTGGCCCAGGAAT 751 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 800 IleGlnAsnArgGlyLeuAlaThrIleLeuAlaThrGlyGlyProGlyMet — GGTAAACGCCGCACTCAAATCTGGTAACCCTTCACTCGGTGTTGGAGCTG 801 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 850  ValAsnAlaAlaLeuLysSerGlyAsnProSerLeuGlyValGlyAlaGly — GTAATGGTGCTGTTTATGTTGATGCAACTGCAAATATTGAACGTGCCGTT 851 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 900   AsnGlyAlaValTyrValAspAlaThrAlaAsnIleGluArgAlaVal — GAAGACCTTTTGCTTTCAAAACGTTTTGATAATGGGATGATTTGTGCCAC 901 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 950 GluAspLeuLeuLeuserLysArgPheAspAsnGlyMetIleCysAlaThr — TGAAAATTCAGCTGTTATTGATGCTTCAGTTTATGATGAATTTATTGCTA 951 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1000  GluAsnSerAlaValIleAspAlaSerValTyrAspGluPheIleAlaLys — AAATGCAAGAACAAGGCGCTTATATGGTTCCTAAAAAAGACTACAAAGCT 1001 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1050   MetGlnGluGlnGlyAlaTyrMetValProLysLysAspTyrLysAla — ATTGAAAGTTTCGTTTTTGTTGAACGTGCTGGTGAAGGTTTTGGAGTAAC 1051 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1100 IleGluSerPheValPheValGluArgAlaGlyGluGlyPheGlyValThr — TGGTCCTGTTGCCGGTCGTTCTGGTCAATGGATTGCTGAACAAGCTGGTG 1101 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1150  GlyProValAlaGlyArgSerGlyGlnTrpIleAlaGluGluAlaGlyVal — TCAAAGTTCCTAAAGATAAAGATGTCCTTCTTTTTGAACTTGATAAGAAA 1151 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1200   LysValProLysAspLysAspValLeuLeuPheGluLeuAspLysLys — AATATTGGTGAAGCACTTTCTTCTGAAAAACTTTCTCCTTTGCTTTCAAT 1201 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1250 AsnIleGlyGluAlaLeuSerSerGluLysLeuSerProLeuLeuSerIle — CTACAAAGCTGAAACACGTGAAGAAGGAATTGAGATTGTACGTAGCTTAC 1251 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1300  TyrLysAlaGluThrArgGluGluGlyIleGluIleValArgSerLeuLeu — TTGCTTATCAAGGTGCTGGACATAATGCTGCAATTCAAATCGGTGCAATG 1301 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1350   AlaTyrGlnGlyAlaGlyHisAsnAlaAlaIleGlnIleGlyAlaMet — GATGATCCATTCGTTAAAGAATATGGCGAAAAAGTTGAAGCTTCTCGTAT 1351 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1400 AspAspProPheValLysGluTyrGlyGluLysValGluAlaSerArgIle — CCTCGTTAACCAACCAGATTCTATTGGTGGGGTCGGAGATATCTATACTG 1401 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1450  LeuValAsnGlnProAspSerIleGlyGlyValGlyAspIleTyrThrAsp — ATGCAATGCGTCCATCACTTACACTTGGAACTGGTTCATGGGGGAAAAAT 1451 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1500   AlaMetArgProSerLeuThrLeuGlyThrGlySerTrpGlyLysAsn — TCACTTTCACACAATTTGAGTACATACGATCTATTGAATGTTAAAACAGT 1501 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1550 SerLeuSerHisAsnLeuSerThrTyrAspLeuLeuAsnValLysThrVal — GGCTAAACGTCGTAATCGCCCACAATGGGTTCGTTTGCCAAAAGAAATTT 1551 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1600  AlaLysArgArgAsnArgProGlnTrpValArgLeuProLysGluIleTyr — ACTACGAAAAAAATGCAATTTCTTACTTACAAGAATTGCCACACGTCCAC 1601 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1650   TyrGluLysAsnAlaIleSerTyrLeuGlnGluLeuProHisValHis — AAAGCTTTCATCGTTGCTGACCCTGGTATGGTTAAATTTGGTTTCGTTGA 1651 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1700 LysAlaPheIleValAlaAspProGlyMetValLysPheGlyPheValAsp — TAAAGTTTTGGAACAACTTGCTATCCGCCCAACTCAAGTTGAAACAAGCA 1701 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1750  LysValLeuGluGlnLeuAlaIleArgProThrGlnValGluThrSerIle — TTTATGGCTCTGTTCAACCTGACCCAACTTTGAGCGAAGCAATTGCAATC 1751 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1800   TyrGlySerValGlnProAspProThrLeuSerGluAlaIleAlaIle — GCTCGTCAAATGAAACAATTTGAACCTGACACTGTCATCTGTCTTGGTGG 1801 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1850 AlaArgGlnMetLysGlnPheGluProAspThrValIleCysLeuGlyGly — TGGTTCTGCTCTCGATGCCGGTAAGATTGGTCGTTTGATTTATGAATATG 1851 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1900  GlySerAlaLeuAspAlaGlyLysIleGlyArgLeuIleTyrGluTyrAsp — ATGCTCGTGGTGAAGCTGACCTTTCTGATGATGCAGGTTTGAAAGAACTT 1901 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1950   AlaArgGlyGluAlaAspLeuSerAspAspAlaSerLeuLysGluLeu — TTCCAAGAATTAGCTCAAAAATTTGTCGATATTCGTAAACGTATTATTAA 1951 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2000 PheGlnGluLeuAlaGlnLysPheValAspIleArgLysArgIleIleLys — ATTCTACCATCCACATAAAGCACAAATGGTTGCAATTCCTACTACTTCTG 2001 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2050  PheTyrHisProHisLysAlaGlnMetValAlaIleProThrThrSerGly — GTACTGGTTCTGAAGTGACTCCATTTGCAGTTATCACTGATGATGAAACT 2051 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2100   ThrGlySerGluValThrProPheAlaValIleThrAspAspGluThr — CATGTTAAGTACCCACTTGCTGACTACCAATTAACACCACAAGTTGCCAT 2101 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2150 HisValLysTyrProLeuAlaAspTyrGlnLeuThrProGlnValAlaIle — TGTTGACCCTGAGTTTGTTATGACTGTACCAAAACGTACTGTTTCTTGGT 2151 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2200  ValAspProGluPheValMetThrValProLysArgThrValSerTrpSer — CTGGTATTGATGCGATGTCACACGCGCTTGAATCTTACGTTTCTGTTATG 2201 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2250   GlyIleAspAlaMetSerHisAlaLeuGluSerTyrValSerValMet — TCTTCTGACTATACAAAACCAATTTCACTTCAAGCGATCAAACTTATCTT 2251 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2300 SerSerAspTyrThrLysProIleSerLeuGlnAlaIleLysLeuIlePhe — TGAAAACTTGACTGAGTCTTATCATTATGACCCAGCGCATCCAACTAAAG 2301 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2350  GluAsnLeuThrGluSerTyrHisTyrAspProAlaHisProThrLysGlu — AAGGACAAAAAGCCCGCGAAAACATGCACAATGCTGCAACACTCGCTGGT 2351 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2400   GlyGlnLysAlaArgGluAsnMetHisAsnAlaAlaThrLeuAlaGly — ATGGCCTTCGCTAATGCTTTCCTTGGAATTAACCACTCACTTGCTCATAA 2401 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2450 MetAlaPheAlaAsnAlaPheLeuGlyIleAsnHisSerLeuAlaHisLys — AATTGGTGGTGAATTTGGACTTCCTCATGGTCTTGCCATTGCCATCGCTA 2451 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2500  IleGlyGlyGluPheGlyLeuProHisGlyLeuAlaIleAlaIleAlaMet — TGCCACATGTCATTAAATTTAACGCTGTAACAGGAAACGTTAAACGTACC 2501 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2550   ProHisValIleLysPheAsnAlaValThrGlyAsnValLysArgThr — CCTTACCCACGTTATGAAACATATCGTGCTCAAGAGGACTACGCTGAAAT 2551 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2600 ProTyrProArgTyrGluThrTyrArgAlaGlnGluAspTyrAlaGluIle — TTCACGCTTCATGGGATTTGCTGGTAAAGATGATTCAGATGAAAAAGCTG 2601 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2650  SerArgPheMetGlyPheAlaGlyLysAspAspSerAspGluLysAlaVal — TGCAAGCTCTGGTTGCTGAACTTAAGAAACTGACTGATAGCATTGATATT 2651 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2700   GlnAlaLeuValAlaGluLeuLysLysLeuThrAspSerIleAspIle — AATATCACCCTTTCAGGAAATGGTATCGATAAAGCTCACCTTGAACGTGA 2701 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2750 AsnIleThrLeuSerGlyAsnGlyIleAspLysAlaHisLeuGluArgGlu — ACTTGATAAATTGGCTGACCTTGTTTATGATGATCAATGTACTCCTGCTA 2751 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2800  LeuAspLysLeuAlaAspLeuValTyrAspAspGlnCysThrProAlaAsn — ATCCTCGTCAACCAAGAATTGATGAGATTAAACAGTTGTTGTTAGATCAA 2801 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2850   ProArgGlnProArgIleAspGluIleLysGlnLeuLeuLeuAspGln — TACTAATAATCTGTTGATAAAATTATTAAAACGCTCTGATGAATTCGTCA 2851 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2900 TyrEndEnd GAGCATTTTTTATTATAGCTTATACAACTATCAAAAGGTATAAATCAATT 2901 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2950 TCGATATAGGCTCTTTTCACTCCATTGATTTATGCATTTCTATAAAAATC 2951 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 3000 AATAATTAATTAGCGATAGAAGTCGAGTTCATGCATGCTAATAATGAAAT 3001 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 3050 TGTTTTAAATTCTGGTTTTTCTTTATGTTCTTTGCGAACATCTTTCACAG 3051 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 3100 TTTCTTTGTTCATGAAAATTCCTCCTTATTATGGTACTATTTTGAGCCCA 3101 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 3150 AATAGTTATATAAGAATCCTAAACTTCGGATATCTTATCAAAG 3151 ---------+---------+---------+---------+--- 3193

[0105] The L. lactis adhE gene of strain DB1341 encodes a 903 amino acid long protein, as deduced from the DNA sequence (Table 1.5), with an estimated molecular weight of 98.2 KDa. A putative ribosome binding site (AAAGGAG, position 127-133 in Table 1.4 is found 11 bp upstream of the start codon (de Vos and Simmons 1994).

[0106] Homology comparisons have shown a 44% identity (81% similarity) of the L. lactis AdhE to the E. coli protein and 42.4% identity (80% similarity) to the Clostridium acetobutylicum Aad protein throughout an approx. 750 amino acids fragment (Tables 1.4 and 1.5). A significantly lower homology is observed at the C-terminal region of these three proteins. TABLE 1.5 Protein homology search (FASTA. GCG Wisconsin pack age version 8. Genetics Computer Group) using the deduced sequence of the AdhE Protein encoded by the L. lactis DB1341 adhE gene In this Table only alignment of the best two scores (E. coli AdhE and C. acetobutylicum Aad) is shown. (Peptide) FASTA of: adhedb1341.pep from: 1 to: 904 TRANSLATE of: adhedb246.seq check: 3519 from: 145 to: 2856 The best scores are: init1 initn opt sw:adhe_ecoli P17547 escherichia coli. alcohol dehydr.... 708 1819 1507 sw:adhe_cloab P33744 clostridium acetobutylicum. alcoh... 404 1297 1053 sw:adh1_cloab P13604 clostridiuxn acetobutylicum. nadph... 283 581 434 sw:sucd_clok1 P38947 clostridium kluyveri. succinate-s... 290 460 621 sw:medh_bacmt P31005 bacillus methanolicus. nad-depend... 187 389 298 sw:adh2_zymmo P06758 zymomonas mobilis. alcohol dehydr... 170 376 299 sw:adh4_yeast P10127 saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's .. 173 368 295 sw:dhat_citfr P45513 citrobacter freundii. 1,3-Propan.... 163 329 295 sw:eute_salty P41793 salmonella typhimurium. ethanolam... 150 309 372 adhedb1341.pep sw:adhe_ecoli ID ADHE_ECOLI STANDARD; PRT; 890 AA. AC P17547; DT 01 AUG. 1990 (REL. 15, CREATED) DT 01 AUG. 1990 (REL. 15, LAST SEQUENCE UPDATE) DT 01 NOV. 1995 (REL. 32, LAST ANNOTATION UPDATE) DE ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE (EC 1.1.1.1) (ADH)/ACETALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE . . . SCORES Init1: 708 Initn: 1819 Opt: 1507 44.3% identity in 757 aa overlap           10        20      30          40        50        60 adhe24   MATKKAAPAAKKVLSAEEKAAKFQEAVAYTDKLVKKAQAAVLKFEGYTQTQVDTIVAAMA                                 : ||:::: |  :::::||:|||:|  | | adhe_e                         AVTNVAELNALVERVKKAQREYASFTQEQVDKIFRAAA                                 10        20        30           70        80        90       100       110       120 adhe24   LAASKHSLELAHEAVNETGRGVVEDKDTKNHFASESVYNAIKNDKTVGVISENKVAGSVE   |||:: :: ||: ||:|:|:|:|||| :||||||| :||| |::|| ||:||::: |::: adhe_e   LAAADARIPLAKMAVAESGMGIVEDKVIKNHFASEYIYNAYKDEKTCGVLSEDDTFGTIT   40        50        60        70        80        90          130       140       150       160       170       180 adhe24   IASPLGVLAGIVPTTNPTSTAIFKSLLTAKTRNAIVFAFHPQAQKCSSHAAKIVYDAAIE   ||:|:|:: |||||||||||||||||:: ||||||:|: ||:|:: :::||:|| :|||  adhe_e   IAEPIGIICGIVPTTNPTSTAIFKSLISLKTRNAIIFSPHPRAKDATNKAADIVLQAAIA  100       110       120       130       140       150          190       200       210       220       230       240 adhe24   AGAPEDFIQWIEVPSLDMTTALIQNRGLATILATGGPGMVNAALKSGNPSLGVGAGNGAV   ||||:|:| ||: ||:::::||::::::: ||||||||||:|| :||:|::||||||::| adhe_e   AGAPKDLIGWIDQPSVELSNALMHHPDINLILATGGPGMVKAAYSSGKPAIGVGAGNTPV  160       170       180       190       200       210          250       260       270       280       290       300 adhe24   YVDATANIERAVEDLLLSKRFDNGMICATENSAVIDASVYDEFIAKMQEQGAYMVPKKDY    :|:||:|:|||:::|:|| ||||:|||:|:|:|: :||||:  ::::::|:|::: |: adhe_e   VIDETADIKRAVASVLMSKTFDNGVICASEQSVVVVDSVYDAVRERFATHGGYLLQGKEL  220       230       240       250       260       270          310       320       330       340       350       360 adhe24   KAIESFVFVERAGEGFGVTGPVAGRSGQWIAEQAGVKVPKDKDVLLFELDKKNIGEALSS   ||::: ::  ::|   :::::::|:::  ||| || :||:::::|: |::  : :|::: adhe_e   KAVQDVIL--KNG---ALNAAIVGQPAYKIAELAGFSVPENTKILIGEVTVVDESEPFAH  280            290       300       310       320       330          370       380       390       400       410       419 adhe24   EKLSPLLSIYKAETREEGIEIVRSLLAYQGAGHNAAIQIGAMDDP-FVKEYGEKVEASRI   ||||| |::|:|:: |:::| : :|:|  | ||:: : ::: ::|  |: :|:|::::|| adhe_e   EKLSPTLAMYRAKDFEDAVEKAEKLVAMGGIGHTSCLYTDQDNQPARVSYFGQKMKTARI       340       350       360       370       380       390 420       430       440       450       460       470      479 adhe24   LVNQPDSIGGVGDIYTDAMRPSLTLGTGSWGKNSLSHNLSTYDLLNVKTVAKRRNRPQWV   |:| |:| ||:||:|:  : |||||| |||| ||:|:|::: :|:| |||||| ::  | adhe_e   LINTPASQGGIGDLYNFKLAPSLTLGCGSWGGNSISENVGPKHLINKKTVAKRAENMLWH       400       410       420       430       440       450 480       490         500        510       520       530 adhe24   RLPKEIYYEKNAISY-LQE-LPHVHK-AFIVADPGMVKFGFVDKVLEQLAIRPTQVETSI   :|||:||: :::::  |:| ::: || |:||:|: : : |::|:: : |  ::: |||   adhe_e   KLPKSIYFRRGSLPIALDEVITDGHKRALIVTDRFLFNNGYADQITSVL--KAAGVETEV       460       470       480       490       500         510    540       550       560       570       580       590 adhe24   YGSVQPDPTLSEAIAIARQMKQFEPDTVICLGGGSALDAGKIGRLIYEYDARGEADLSDD   : :|::||||| :   |   : |:||::| |||||::||:|| :::||   : |:: adhe_e   FFEVEADPTLSIVRKGAELANSFKPDVIIALGGGSPMDAAKIMWVMYE---HPETH----         520       530       540       550          560    600       610       620        630       640       650 adhe24   ASLKELFQELAQKFVDIRKRIIKFYH-PHKAQMVAIPTTSGTGSEVTPFAVITDDETHVK         |:||| :|:|||||| || :   ||:|:|::||||||||||||||:|||:|  | adhe_e   ------FEELALRFMDIRKRIYKFPKMGVKAKMIAVTTTSGTGSEVTPFAVVTDDATGQK            570       580       590       600       610     660       670       680       690       700       710 adhe24   YPLADYQLTPQVAIVDPEFVMTVPKRTVSWSGIDAMSHALESYVSVMSSDYTKPISLQAI   ||||||:|||::||||:::||::||:  :::|:||::||:|:||||::|::::  :|||  adhe_e   YPLADYALTPDMAIVDANLVMDMPKSLCAFGGLDAVTHAMEAYVSVLASEFSDGQALQAL  620       630       640       650       660       670     720       730       740       750       760       770 adhe24   KLIFENITESYHYDPAHPTKEGQKARENMHNAATLAGMAFANAFLGINHSLAHKIGGEFG   ||: | |::||| :: :|:  ::  :::  :: ::|: || ::  :::|:|: ||::::| adhe_e   KLLKEYLPASYHEGSKNPVARERVHSAATIAGIAFAN-AFLGVCHSMAHKLGSQFHIPHG  680       690       700       710        720       730     780       790       800       810       820       830 adhe24   LPHGLAIAIAMPHVIKFNAVTGNVKRTPYPRYETYRAQEDYAEISRFMGFAGKDDSDEKA   |:::| | adhe_e   LANALLICNVIRYNANDNPTKQTAFSQYDRPQARRRYAEIADHLGLSAPGDRTAAKIEKL   740       750       760       770       780       790 adhe24: SEQ ID NO:5; adh_e: SEQ ID NO:6 adhedb1341.pep sw:adhe_cloab ID ADHE_CLOAB STANDARD; PRT; 862 AA. AC P33744; DT 01 FEB. 1994 (REL. 28, CREATED) DT 01 FEB. 1994 (REL. 28, LAST SEQUENCE UPDATE) DT 01 FEB. 1995 (REL. 31, LAST ANNOTATION UPDATE) DE ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE (EC 1.1.1.1) (ADH)/ACETALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE SCORES Init1: 404 Initn: 1297 Opt: 1053 38.6% identity in 568 aa overlap           10        20        30        40        50        60 adhe24   MATKKAAPAAKKVLSAEEKAAKFQEAVAYTDKLVKKAQAAVLKFEGYTQTQVDTIVAAMA                                 |: :|  ::|  ||: |:|: ||:|  : | adhe_c                        MKVTTVKELDEKLKVIKEAQKKFSCYSQEMVDEIFRNAA                                10        20        30           70        80        90       100       110       120 adhe24   LAASKHSLELAHEAVNETGRGVVEDKDTKNHFASESVYNAIKNDKTVGVISENKVAGSVE   :|| : ::|||::|| |||:|:|||| :|||||:| :||  |::|| |:|: |:  | :: adhe_c   MAAIDARIELAKAAVLETGMGLVEDKVIKNHFAGEYIYNKYKDEKTCGIIERNEPYGITK 40        50        60        70        80        90          130       140       150       160       170       180 adhe24   IASPLGVLAGIVPTTNPTSTAIFKSLLTAKTRNAIVFAFHPQAQKCSSHAAKIVYDAAIE   ||:|:||:|:|:|:||||||:|||||:: ||||:| |: ||:|:|::  |||:: |||:: adhe_c   IAEPIGVVAAIIPVTNPTSTTIFKSLISLKTRNGIFFSPHPRAXKSTILAAKTILDAAVK 100       110       120       130       140       150          190       200       210       220       230       240 adhe24   AGAPEDFIQWIEVPSLDMTTALIQNRGLATILATGGPGMVNAALKSGNPSLGVGAGNGAV   :||||::| ||: ||:::|  |:|: :::  ||||||::|::| :||:|::|||:||::| adhe_c   SGAPENIIGWIDEPSIELTQYLMQKADIT--LATGGPSLVKSAYSSGKPAIGVGPGNTPV 160       170       180         190       200       210          250       260       270       280       290       300 adhe24   YVDATANIERAVEDLLLSKRFDNGMICATENSAVIDASVYDEFIAKMQEQGAYMVPKKDY    :|::|:|::||::::||| :|||:|||:|:|:::  |:|::  :::||:|||:: |:: adhe_c   IIDESAHIKMAVSSIILSKTYDNGVICASEQSVIVLKSIYNKVKDEFQERGAYIIKKNEL   220       230       240       250       260       270          310       320       330       340       350       360 adhe24   KAIESFVFVERAGEGFGVTGPVAGRSGQWIAEQAGVKVPKDKDVLLFELDKKNIGEALSS   : : : :|  ::|   :|:  ::|:|:  ||: ||:||||:: :|: |::: : :|::: adhe_c   DKVREVIF--KDG---SVNPKIVGQSAYTIAAMAGIKVPKTTRILIGEVTSLGEEEPFAH   280            290       300       310       320       330          370       380       390       400       410       419 adhe24   EKLSPLLSIYKAETREEGIEIVRSLLAYQGAGHNAAIQIGAMDDP-FVKEYGEKVEASRI   |||||:|::|:|:: ::::: : :|::  | ||:::|  ::::::  :: ::: ::: |: adhe_c   EKLSPVLAMYEADNFDDALKKAVTLINLGGLGHTSGIYADEIKARDKIDRFSSAMKTVRT        340       350       360       370       380       390 420       430       440       450       460       470      479 adhe24   LVNQPDSIGGVGDIYTDAMRPSLTLGTGSWGKNSLSHNLSTYDLLNVKTVAKRRNRPQWV   :|| |:| |: ||:|:  ::||:||| | || ||:|:|::: :|||:||||:||::  | adhe_c   FVNIPTSQGASGDLYNFRIPPSFTLGCGFWGGNSVSENVGPKHLLNIKTVAERRENMLWF        400       410       420       430       440       450 480       490        500         510       520       530 adhe24   RLPKEIYYEKNAISY-LQELPHVHK--AFIVADPGMVKFGFVDKVLEQLAIRPTQVETSI   |:|:::|:: : : : |::| :::|  ||||:|::  ::::||:::: |:  : ::: :: adhe_c   RVPHKVYFKFGCLQFALKDLKDLKKKRAFIVTDSDPYNLNYVDSIIKILE--HLDIDFKV        460       470       480       490       500         510    540       550       560       570       580       590 adhe24   YGSVQPDPTLSEAIAIARQMKQFEPDTVICLGGGSALDAGKIGRLIYEYDARGEADLSDD   :::| ::::|::    : :|: | |||:| |||:::::::|: :::||: |   :||: adhe_c   FNKVGREADLKTIKKATEEMSSFMPDTIIALGGTPEMSSAKLMWVLYEHPEVKFEDLAIK          520       530       540       550       560       570    600       610       620       630       640       650 adhe24   ASLKELFQELAQKFVDIRKRIIKFYHPHKAQMVAIPTTSGTGSEVTPFAVITDDETHVKY adhe_c FMDIRKRIYTFPKLGKKAMLVAITTSAGSGSEVTPFALVTDNNTGNKYMLADYEMTPNMA        580       590       600       610       620       630 adhe24: Corresponding to amino acid residues 1-656 of SEQ ID NO:5 adh_c: corresponding to amino acid residues 1-630 of SEQ ID NO:11

[0107] 6. Inverse PCR to Obtain Sequences Upstream of the L. lactis DB1341 adhE Coding Sequence and Cloning of PCR Fragments

[0108] Inverse PCR was used to obtain additional sequences from the upstream region of the L. lactis DB1341 adhE gene. HindIII-, HpaI- or PvuII-digested genomic DNA of strain DB1341 was ligated at low concentration and PCR was carried out using primers adhE-350 and adhE-700 (or adhE1300x) (see FIG. 2). Sequence analysis of the obtained PCR products, using primers adhE-240 (or adhE-1300x), allowed the identification of the upstream region of the adhE gene. A 0.6 kb PCR product obtained from HindIII inverse PCR amplification was subsequently cloned into pSMA500 resulting in E. coli DH5α strain adhEup-1.

[0109] A sample of adhEup-1 was deposited under the Budapest Treaty with the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Mascheroder Weg 1b, D-38 124 Braunschweig, Germany on 18 Jul. 1996 under the accession No. DSM 11091.

[0110] Further inverse PCR was carried out using PstI-digested and religated chromosomal DNA of strain DB1341, using primers derived from the above sequence. An about 5 kb PCR product was obtained which in addition to the entire coding sequence of the adhE gene comprises about 1800 bp upstream of the coding sequence. This upstream sequence includes an open reading frame, designated orfB that encodes a putative 341 aa protein having no homology to in available databases. TABLE 1.6 DNA sequence upstream of the coding sequence of the L. lactis DB1341 adhE gene   PstI 1 CTGCAGCTTGTTTTTTAGTACCAACAAAAAGGACTACTGCACCTTCTTGT 50 (SEQ ID NO:26) 51 GAAGCGTTTTTTACATAGTTGTAAGCATCGTCAACAAGTTTTACAGTTTT 100 101 TTGAAGGTCGATAACGTGGATACCATTACGTTCTGTGAAGATGTATGGTT 150 151 TCATTTTTGGGTTCCAACGACGAGTTTGGTGACCGAAGTGAACACCAGCT 200 201 TCAAGAAGTTGTTTCATTGAAATAACTGACATGTTAATGTCTCCTTTTAA 250 251 AATAGTTTTTCCTCTTTCATCTGTCATCCGCAGCCGCAATACTTGCGTAC 300 301 ACTACGACTTTGTCGAGACGAAATGCGAGATGGTTGCATAGCAACTCTAT 350 351 CATTATACATTGTTTGACCTATTTTTGCAAGTATCTATTCATGCTTCTAT 400 401 TGTTCAGTAAATCTATTTTTCTAACCACTCCTATTATCTGACAAATTTAA 450 451 TTGTTAATTAGGCTCTATAATCACTAAAAGAGTAAGTTTTTTAAATTTTT 500 501 TTCTAAGAAAAAAATTAATATTTTTGCTGAAACCGCTTTTTTTGTGATAA 550 551 AATAATTATAGTAAATAAATTAGTTTGTGAGGAGAGAAATATGAAAGAAA 600                                  orfB   M  K  E  K (SEQ ID NO:27) 601 AAATCCTTTTAGGCGGCTATACAAAACGTGTATCTAAAGGCGTATATAGT 650   I  L  L  G  G  Y  T  K  R  V  S  K  G  V  Y  S 651 GTTCTTTTGGACACTAAAGCTGCTGAATTATCATCATTAAATGAAGTCGC 700 V  L  L  D  T  K  A  A  E  L  S  S  L  N  E  V  A 701 TGCGGTTCAAAACCCTACTTATATCACTCTCGATGAAAAGGGACACCTCT 750  A  V  Q  N  P  T  Y  I  T  L  D  E  K  G  H  L  Y 751 ATACTTGTGCAGCAGATAGTAATGGTGGAGGAATCGCCGCCTTTGATTTT 800   T  C  A  A  D  S  N  G  G  G  I  A  A  F  D  F 801 GATGGCGAAACTGCTACTCATCTCGGAAATGTCACAACCACGGGAGCTCC 850 D  G  E  T  A  T  H  L  G  N  V  T  T  T  G  A  P 851 ACTCTGCTATGTTGCCGTGGACGAAGCGCGACAATTAGTTTACGGAGCGA 900  L  C  Y  V  A  V  D  E  A  R  Q  L  V  Y  G  A  N 901 ACTATCATCTTGGAGAAGTTCGTGTTTATAAGATTCAAGCTAATGGCTCA 950   Y  H  L  G  E  V  R  V  Y  K  I  Q  A  N  G  S 951 CTCCGATTAACGGATACAGTAAAACATACCGGTTCTGGACCACGTCCTGA 1000 L  R  L  T  D  T  V  K  H  T  G  S  G  P  R  P  E 1001 ACAAGCTAGCTCACACGTTCATTATTCTGATTTGACTCCTGACGGACGAC 1050  Q  A  S  S  H  V  H  Y  S  D  L  T  P  D  G  R  L 1051 TTGTCACCTGTGATTTGGGAACAGATGAAGTCACTGTTTATGATGTCATT 1100   V  T  C  D  L  G  T  D  E  V  T  V  Y  D  V  I 1101 GGTGAAGGTAAACTCAATATTGCTACAATTTATCGGGCAGAAAAAGGAAT 1150 G  E  G  K  L  N  I  A  T  I  Y  R  A  E  K  G  M 1151 GGGTGCTCGTCATATTACTTTCCATCCAAATGGTAAAATCGCTTATTTGG 1200  G  A  R  H  I  T  F  H  P  N  G  K  I  A  Y  L  V 1201 TTGGAGAGTTAAATTCAACAATTGAAGTTTTAAGTTACAATGAAGAAAAA 1250   G  E  L  N  S  T  I  E  V  L  S  Y  N  E  E  K - 1251 GGACGCTTTGCTCGTCTTCAAACAATTAGCACCCTACCTGAAGATTATCA 1300 G  R  F  A  R  L  Q  T  I  S  T  L  P  E  D  Y  H 1301 TGGAGCAAATGGTGTTGCTGCCATCCGTATTTCATCTGACGGTAAATTCC 1350  G  A  N  G  V  A  A  I  R  I  S  S  D  G  K  F  L 1351 TCTATACTTCTAATCGTGGACATGATTCTTTGACAACTTACAAAGTAAGT 1400   Y  T  S  N  R  G  H  D  S  L  T  T  Y  K  V  S 1401 CCTCTTGGTACAAAACTTGAAACTATTGGCTGGACAAATACTGAAGGTCA 1450 P  L  G  T  K  L  E  T  I  G  W  T  N  T  E  G  H 1451 TATCCCTCGCGATTTTAATTTCAACAAAACTGAAGATTATATCATTGTCG 1500  I  P  R  D  F  N  F  N  K  T  E  D  Y  I  I  V  A 1501 CTCATCAAGAATCTGATAATTTATCTCTTTTCTTGCGAGATAAAAAAACC 1550   H  Q  E  S  D  N  L  S  L  F  L  R  D  K  K  T 1551 GGTACTTTAACTTTGGAACAAAAAGATTTTTACGCTCCTGAAATCACTTG 1600 G  T  L  T  L  E  Q  K  D  F  Y  A  P  E  I  T  C 1601 TGTTTTACCACTATAAAAATTTATTTTTTCACAAAGTTTGACTGATAAAC 1650  V  L  P  L  Stop 1651 TAAAAAAGATTGCTAATTTCTCTCAAAGAATTAGCAATCTTTTTTTCTTC 1700 1701 AGTAAAGCTTGTTACAAAACCGTTTTCTAAACTTTTGATGAGTGTTTTTG 1750 1751 TAAAAACTATCACAATATTGCTTGACATCTATAAAAAACTTTGTTAAACT 1800 1801 ATTCACGTAAAAGAAAGTGAATGAAGTCACAAAGGAGAACCTACAAAT

[0111] 7. Sequence of a Fragment of the L. lactis Strain MG1363 adhE Gene

[0112] PCR was used to characterize the adhE homologue of strain MG1363. Primers adhE-mg1 and adhE-1697 were used to amplify a 1.5 kb fragment from this strain, named MGadhESTART. Primers adhE-1300x and adhE-mg2 were used to amplify an overlapping 1.5 kb fragment, named MGadhESTOP (FIG. 3).

[0113] The above fragments were subsequently cloned into the plasmid pGEM and transformed into E. coli DH5α resulting in strains MGadhESTART and MGadhESTOP, respectively. Using the relevant primers a sequence was obtained that spans from position 1306-2775 shown in Table 1.2. An additional primer adhE-mg3 (5′-CTTCTTTGGTTGGATGAGC-3′) (SEQ ID NO:7), derived from the MG1363 adhE sequence and corresponding to position 2359-2335 of the DB1341 adhE sequence (Table 1.4) was used to fill a sequence gap. A limited sequence variation at the DNA level (84 base changes, no insertion/deletions in the 1470 bp MG1363 adhE fragment, corresponding to 5.7% variation; Table 1.7 below), resulting in only 8 amino acid substitutions (or 1.6% variation; Table 1.7).

[0114] A sample of E. coli DH5α strain MGadhESTART and strain MGadhESTOP, respectively were deposited under the Budapest Treaty with the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Mascheroder Weg 1b, D-38 124 Braunschweig, Germany on 18 Jul. 1996 under the accession Nos DSM 11089 and DSM 11090, respectively. TABLE 1.7 Multialignment of the deduced L. lactis AdhE protein from strain MG1363 (fragment, adhemg1363) and DB1341 (adhedb13- 41) with the E. coli (adhe_ec) and C. acetobutylicum (aad_ca) AdhE homologues The Program lineup (GCG Wisconsin package version 8, Genetics Computer Group) was used for the alignment. The consensus sequence (bold type at bottom) shows only conserved residues for all proteins. The differences between the two L. lactis AdhE proteins are shown as bold, underlined in adhemg1363. 1                                                   50 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 MATKKAAPAA KKVLSAEEKA AKF.QEAVAY TDKLVKKAQA AVLK.FEGYT adhe_ec MAVTNVA... ..ELNALVER VKKAQREYAS FT......QE QVDKIFRA.. aad_ca MKVTTVK... ..ELDEKLKV IKEAQKKFSC YS......QE MVDEIFRN.. consensus M......... ...L...... .K..Q..... ........Q. .V...F.... 51                                                 100 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 QTQVDTIVAA MALAASKHSL ELAHEAVNET GRGVVEDKDT KNHFASESVY adhe_ec .......... AALAAADARI PLAKMAVAES GMGIVEDKVI KNHFASEYIY aad_ca .......... AAMAAIDARI ELAKAAVLET GMGLVEDKVI KNHFAGEYIY consensus .......... .A.AA..... .LA..AV.E. G.G. VEDK.. KNHFA.E..Y 101                                                150 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 NAIKNDKTVG VISENKVAGS VEIASPLGVL AGIVPTTNPT STAIFKSLLT adhe_ec NAYKDEKTCG VLSEDDTFGT ITIAEPIGII CGIVPTTNPT STAIFKSLIS aad_ca NKYKDEKTCG IIERNEPYGI TKIAEPIGVV AAIIPVTNPT STTIFKSLIS consensus N..K..KT.G ........G. ..IA.P.G.. ..I.P.TNPT ST.IFKSLI. 151                                                200 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 AKTRNAIVFA FHPQAQKCSS HAAKIVYDAA IEAGAPEDFI QWIEVPSLDM adhe_ec LKTRNAIIFS PHPRAKDATN KAADIVLQAA IAAGAPKDLI GWIDQPSVEL aad_ca LKTRNGIFFS PHPRAKKSTI LAAKTILDAA VKSGAPENII GWIDEPSIEL consensus .KTRN..... .HP.A..... .AA.....AA ...GAP...I .WI..PS... 201                                                250 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 TTALIQNRGL ATILATGGPG MVNAALKSGN PSLGVGAGNG AVYVDATANI adhe_ec SNALMHHPDI NLILATGGPG MVKAAYSSGK PAIGVGAGNT PVVIDETADI aad_ca TQYLMQKADI T..LATGGPS LVKSAYSSGK PAIGVGPGNT PVIIDESAHI consensus ...L...... ...LATGGP. .VK.A..SG. P.IGVG.GN. .V..D..A.I 251                                                300 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 ERAVEDLLLS KRFDNGMICA TENSAVIDAS VYDEFIAKMQ EQGAYMVPKK adhe_ec KRAVASVLMS KTFDNGVICA SEQSVVVVDS VYDAVRERFA THGGYLLQGK aad_ca KMAVSSIILS KTYDNGVICA SEQSVIVLKS IYNKVKDEFQ ERGAYIIKKN consensus ..AV.....S ...DNG.ICA .E.S.....S .Y.......G ..G.Y..... 301                                                350 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 DYKAIESFVF VERAGEGFGV TGPVAGRSGQ WIAEQAGVKV PKDKDVLLFE adhe_ec ELKAVQDVIL ..KNG...AL NAAIVGQPAY KIAELAGFSV PENTKILIGE aad_ca ELDKVREVIF ..KDG...SV NPKIVGQSAY TIAAMAGIKV PKTTRILIGE consensus .......... ....G..... .....G.... .IA..AG..V P.....LIGE 351                                                400 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .........Y QGAGHNAAIQ adhedb1341 LDKKNIGEAL SSEKLSPLLS IYKAETREEG IEIVRSLLAY QGAGHNAAIQ adhe_ec VTVVDESEPF AHEKLSPTLA MYRAKDFEDA VEKAEKLVAM GGIGHTSCLY aad_ca VTSLGEEEPF AHEKLSPVLA MYEADNFDDA LKKAVTLINL GGLGHTSGIY consensus .......E.. ..EKLSP.L. .Y.A...... ......L... .G.GH..... 401                                                450 adhemg1363 IGAMDDP.FV KEYGIKVEAS RILVNQPDSI GGVGDIYTDA MRPSLTLGTG adhedb1341 IGAMDDP.FV KEYGEKVEAS RILVNQPDSI GGVGDIYTDA MRPSLTLGTG adhe_ec TDQDNQPARV SYFGQKMKTA RILINTPASQ GGIGDLYNFK LAPSLTLGCG aad_ca ADEIKARDKI DRFSSAMKTV RTFVNIPTSQ GASGDLYNFR IPPSFTLGCG consensus .......... .......... R...N.P.S. G..GD.Y... ..PS.TLG.G 451                                                500 adhemg1363 SWGKNSLSHN LSTYDLLNVK TVAKRRNRPQ WVRLPKEIYY EKNAISYLQE adhedb1341 SWGKNSLSHN LSTYDLLNVK TVAKRRNRPQ WVRLPKEIYY EKNAISYLQE adhe_ec SWGGNSISEN VGPKHLINKK TVAKRAENML WHKLPKSIYF RRGSLPIALD aad_ca FWGGNSVSEN VGPKHLLNIK TVAERRENML WFRVPHKVYF KFGCLQFALK consensus .WG.NS.S.N .....L.N.K TVA.R..... W...P...Y. .......... 501                                                550 adhemg1363 LPHVHK...A FIVADPGMVK FGFVDKVLEQ LAIRPTQVET SIYGSVQPDP adhedb1341 LPHVHK...A FIVADPGMVK FGFVDKVLEQ LAIRPTQVET SIYGSVQPDP adhe_ec EVITDGHKRA LIVTDRFLFN NGYADQITSV L..KAAGVET EVFFEVEADP aad_ca DLKDLKKKRA FIVTDSDPYN LNYVDSIIKI L..EHLDIDF KVFNKVGREA consensus .......... .IV.D..... ....D..... L......... .....V.... 551                                                600 adhemg1363 TLSEAIAIAR QM NH FEPDTV ICLGGGSALD AGKIGRLIYE YDARGEADLS adhedb1341 TLSEAIAIAR QMKQFEPDTV ICLGGGSALD AGKIGRLIYE YDARGEADLS adhe_ec TLSIVRKGAE LANSFKPDVI IALGGGSPMD AAKIMWVMYE ...HPETH.. aad_ca DLKTIKKATE EMSSFMPDTI IALGGTPEMS SAKLMWVLYE ...HPEVK.. consensus .S........ ....F.PD.. I.LGG..... ..K.....YE .....E.... 601                                                650 adhemg1363 DDASLKEIFQ ELAQKFVDIR KRIIKFYH.P HKAQMVAIPT TSGTGSEVTP adhedb1341 DDASLKELFQ ELAQKFVDIR KRIIKFYH.P HKAQMVAIPT TSGTGSEVTP adhe_ec ........FE ELALRFMDIR KRIYKFPKMG VKAKMIAVTT TSGTGSEVTP aad_ca ........FE DLAIKFMDIR KRIYTFPKLG KKAMLVAITT SAGSGSEVTP consensus ........F. .LA..F.DIR KRI..F.... .KA...A..T ....GSEVTP 651                                                700 adhemg1363 FAVITDDETH VKYPLADYQL TPQVAIVDPE FVMTVPKRTV SWSGIDAMSH adhedb1341 FAVITDDETH VKYPLADYQL TPQVAIVDPE FVMTVPKRTV SWSGIDAMSH adhe_ec FAVVTDDATG QKYPLADYAL TPDMAIVDAN LVMDMPKSLC AFGGLDAVTH aad_ca FALVTDNNTG NKYMLADYEM TPNMAIVDAE LMMKMPKGLT AYSGIDALVN consensus FA..TD..T. .KY.LADY.. TP..AIVD.. ..M..PK... ...G.DA... 701                                                750 adhemg1363 ALESYVSVMS SDYTKPISLQ AIKLIFENLT ESYEYDPAHP TKEGQKAREN adhedb1341 ALESYVSVMS SDYTKPISLQ AIKLIFENLT ESYHYDPAHP TKEGQKAREN adhe_ec AMEAYVSVLA SEFSDGQALQ ALKLLKEYLP ASYHEGSKNP .....VARER aad_ca SIEAYTSVYA SEYTNGLALE AIRLIFKYLP EAYKNGRTNE .....KAREK consensus ..E.Y.SV.. S.......L. AI.L....L. ..Y....... ......ARE. 751                                                800 adhemg1363 MHNAATLAGM AFANAFLGIN HSLAHKI A GE FGLPHGLAIA IAMPHVIKFN adhedb1341 MHNAATLAGM AFANAFLGIN HSLAHKIGGE FGLPHGLAIA IAMPHVIKFN adhe_ec VHSAATIAGI AFANAFLGVC HSMAHKLGSQ FHIPHGLANA LLICNVIRYN aad_ca MAHASTMAGM ASANAFLGLC HSMAIKLSSE HNIPSGIANA LLIEEVIKFN consensus ...A.T.AG. A.ANAFLG.. HSMA.K.... ...P.G.A.A .....VI..N 801                                                850 adhemg1363 AVTGNVKTP YPRYETYRAQ EDYAEISRFM GFAGK E DSDE KAV K A F VAEL adhedb1341 AVTGNVKRTP YPRYETYRAQ EDYAEISRFM GFAGKDDSDE KAVQALVAEL adhe_ec ANDNPTKQTA FSQYDRPQAR RRYAEIADHL GLSAPGDRTA AKIEKLLAWL aad_ca AVDNPVKQAP CPQYKYPNTI FRYARIADYI KLGGNTDEEK VDLLINKIHE consensus A.....K... ...Y...... ..YA.I.... ......D... .......... 851                                                900 adhemg1363 KKLTDSIDIN ITLSGN..GV DKAHLERELD KLADLV adhedb1341 KKLTDSIDIN ITLSGN..GI DKAHLERELD KLADLVYDDQ CTPANPRQPR adhe_ec ETLKA..ELG IPKSIREAGV QEADFLANVD KLSEDAFDDQ CTGANPRYPL aad_ca LKKAL....N IPTSIKDAGV LEENFYSSLD RISELALDDQ CTGANPRFPL consensus .......... I..S....G. .........D .......DDQ CT.ANPR.P. 901                                                941 adhedb1341 IDEIKQLLLD QY* adhe_ec ISELKQILLD TYYGPDYVEG ETAAKKEAAP AKAEKKAKKS A aad_ca TSEIKEMYIN CFKKQP consensus ..E.K..... .......... .......... .......... .

[0115] TABLE 1.8 Alignment of the adhE sequences from L. lactis DB1341 and MG1363 The complete sequence of the adhE gene of strain DB1341 is compared to the sequence obtained via PCR amplification of MG1363 adhE fragments (see FIG. 2). 1                                                   50 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... (SEQ ID NO:12) adhedb1341 AAGCTTGTTA CAAAACCGTT TTCTAAACTT TTGATGAGTG TTTTTGTAAA (SEQ ID NO:13) consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 51                                                 100 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 AACTATCACA ATATTGCTTG ACATCTATAA AAAACTTTGT TAAACTATTC consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 101                                                150 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 ACGTAAAAGA AAGTGAATGA AGTCACAAAG GAGAACCTAC AAATATGGCA consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 151                                                200 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 ACTAAAAAAG CCGCTCCAGC TGCAAAGAAA GTTTTAAGCG CTGAAGAAAA consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 201                                                250 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 AGCCGCAAAA TTCCAAGAAG CTGTTGCTTA TACTGACAAA TTAGTCAAAA consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 251                                                300 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 AAGCACAAGC TGCTGTTCTT AAATTTGAAG GATATACACA AACTCAAGTC consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 301                                                350 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 GATACTATTG TCGCTGCAAT GGCTCTTGCA GCAAGCAAAC ATTCTCTAGA consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 351                                                400 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 ACTCGCTCAT GAAGCCGTTA ACGAAACTGG TCGTGGTGTT GTCGAAGACA consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 401                                                450 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 AAGATACCAA AAACCACTTT GCTTCTGAAT CTGTTTATAA CGCAATTAAA consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 451                                                500 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 AATGACAAAA CTGTTGGTGT CATTTCTGAA AACAAGGTTG CTGGATCTGT consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 501                                                550 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 TGAAATCGCA AGCCCTCTCG GTGTACTTGC TGGTATCGTT CCAACGACTA consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 551                                                600 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 ATCCAACATC AACAGCAATC TTTAAATCTT TATTGACTGC AAAAACACGT consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 601                                                650 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 AATGCTATTG TTTTCGCTTT CCACCCTCAA GCTCAAAAAT GTTCAAGCCA consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 651                                                700 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 TGCAGCAAAA ATTGTTTACG ATGCTGCAAT TGAAGCTGGT GCACCGGAAG consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 701                                                750 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 ACTTTATTCA ATGGATTGAA GTACCAAGCC TTGACATGAC TACCGCCTTG consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 751                                                800 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 ATTCAAAACC GTGGACTTGC AACAATCCTT GCAACTGGTG GCCCAGGAAT consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 801                                                850 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 GGTAAACGCC GCACTCAAAT CTGGTAACCC TTCACTCGGT GTTGGAGCTG consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 851                                                900 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 GTAATGGTGC TGTTTATGTT GATGCAACTG CAAATATTGA ACGTGCCGTT consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 901                                                950 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 GAAGACCTTT TGCTTTCAAA ACGTTTTGAT AATGGGATGA TTTGTGCCAC consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 951                                               1000 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 TGAAAATTCA GCTGTTATTG ATGCTTCAGT TTATGATGAA TTTATTGCTA consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 1001                                              1050 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 AAATGCAAGA ACAAGGCGCT TATATGGTTC CTAAAAAAGA CTACAAAGCT consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 1051                                              1100 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 ATTGAAAGTT TCGTTTTTGT TGAACGTGCT GGTGAAGGTT TTGGAGTAAC consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 1101                                              1150 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 TGGTCCTGTT GCCGGTCGTT CTGGTCAATG GATTGCTGAA CAAGCTGGTG consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 1151                                              1200 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 TCAAAGTTCC TAAAGATAAA GATGTCCTTC TTTTTGAACT TGATAAGAAA consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 1201                                              1250 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 AATATTGGTG AAGCACTTTC TTCTGAAAAA CTTTCTCCTT TGCTTTCAAT consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 1251                                              1300 adhemg1363 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... adhedb1341 CTACAAAGCT GAAACACGTG AAGAAGGAAT TGAGATTGTA CGTAGCTTAC consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 1301                                              1350 adhemg1363 .....TACCA AGGAGCTGGT CACAACGCTG CAATTCAAAT CGGTGCAATG adhedb1341 TTGCTTATCA AGGTGCTGGA CATAATGCTG CAATTCAAAT CGGTGCAATG consensus .....TA.CA AGG.GCTGG. CA.AA.GCTG CAATTCAAAT CGGTGCAATG 1351                                              1400 adhemg1363 GACGACCCAT TTGTCAAAGA ATACGGAATT AAAGTCGAAG CTTCTCGTAT adhedb1341 GATGATCCAT TCGTTAAAGA ATATGGCGAA AAAGTTGAAG CTTCTCGTAT consensus GA.GA.CCAT T.GT.AAAGA ATA.GG.... AAAGT.GAAG CTTCTCGTAT 1401                                              1450 adhemg1363 CCTCGTTAAC CAACCTGACT CTATCGGTGG GGTCGGAGAT ATTTATACTG adhedb1341 CCTCGTTAAC CAACCAGATT CTATTGGTGG GGTCGGAGAT ATCTATACTG consensus CCTCGTTAAC CAACC.GA.T CTAT.GGTGG GGTCGGAGAT AT.TATACTG 1451                                              1500 adhemg1363 ATGCAATGCG TCCATCATTG ACGCTCGGAA CTGGTTCATG GGGGAAAAAT adhedb1341 ATGCAATGCG TCCATCACTT ACACTTGGAA CTGGTTCATG GGGGAAAAAT consensus ATGCAATGCG TCCATCA.T. AC.CT.GGAA CTGGTTCATG GGGGAAAAAT 1501                                              1550 adhemg1363 TCACTTTCAC ACAATTTGAG TACATACGAT CTATTGAATG TTAAAACAGT adhedb1341 TCACTTTCAC ACAATTTGAG TACATACGAT CTATTGAATG TTAAAACAGT consensus TCACTTTCAC ACAATTTGAG TACATACGAT CTATTGAATG TTAAAACAGT 1551                                              1600 adhemg1363 GGCTAAACGT CGTAATCGCC CTCAATGGGT TCGTTTGCCA AAAGAAATTT adhedb1341 GGCTAAACGT CGTAATCGCC CACAATGGGT TCGTTTGCCA AAAGAAATTT consensus GGCTAAACGT CGTAATCGCC C.CAATGGGT TCGTTTGCCA AAAGAAATTT 1601                                              1650 adhemg1363 ACTACGAAAA AAATGCAATT TCTTACTTAC AAGAATTGCC ACACGTCCAC adhedb1341 ACTACGAAAA AAATGCAATT TCTTACTTAC AAGAATTGCC ACACGTCCAC consensus ACTACGAAAA AAATGCAATT TCTTACTTAC AAGAATTGCC ACACGTCCAC 1651                                              1700 adhemg1363 AAAGCTTTCA TTGTTGCCGA CCCTGGTATG GTTAAATTCG GTTTCGTTGA adhedb1341 AAAGCTTTCA TCGTTGCTGA CCCTGGTATG GTTAAATTTG GTTTCGTTGA consensus AAAGCTTTCA T.GTTGC.GA CCCTGGTATG GTTAAATT.G GTTTCGTTGA 1701                                              1750 adhemg1363 TAAAGTTTTG GAACAACTTG CTATCCGCCC AACTCAAGTT GAAACAAGCA adhedb1341 TAAAGTTTTG GAACAACTTG CTATCCGCCC AACTCAAGTT GAAACAAGCA consensus TAAAGTTTTG GAACAACTTG CTATCCGCCC AACTCAAGTT GAAACAAGCA 1751                                              1800 adhemg1363 TTTATGGCTC AGTCCAACCT GACCCAACTT TGAGTGAAGC AATTGCAATC adhedb1341 TTTATGGCTC TGTTCAACCT GACCCAACTT TGAGCGAAGC AATTGCAATC consensus TTTATGGCTC .GT.CAACCT GACCCAACTT TGAG.GAAGC AATTGCAATC 1801                                              1850 adhemg1363 GCTCGTCAAA TGAACCATTT TGAACCTGAC ACTGTCATCT GTCTTGGTGG adhedb1341 GCTCGTCAAA TGAAACAATT TGAACCTGAC ACTGTCATCT GTCTTGGTGG consensus GCTCGTCAAA TGAA.CA.TT TGAACCTGAC ACTGTCATCT GTCTTGGTGG 1851                                              1900 adhemg1363 TGGTTCTGCT CTCGATGCTG GTAAGATTGG TCGTTTGATT TATGAATATG adhedb1341 TGGTTCTGCT CTCGATGCCG GTAAGATTGG TCGTTTGATT TATGAATATG consensus TGGTTCTGCT CTCGATGC.G GTAAGATTGG TCGTTTGATT TATGAATATG 1901                                              1950 adhemg1363 ATGCTCGTGG TGAGGCTGAC CTTTCCGATG ACGCAAGTTT GAAAGAGATC adhedb1341 ATGCTCGTGG TGAAGCTGAC CTTTCTGATG ATGCAAGTTT GAAAGAACTT consensus ATGCTCGTGG TGA.GCTGAC CTTTC.GATG A.GCAAGTTT GAAAGA..T. 1951                                              2000 adhemg1363 TTCCAAGAGT TAGCTCAAAA ATTTGITGAT ATTCGTAAAC GTATTATCAA adhedb1341 TTCCAAGAAT TAGCTCAAAA ATTTGTCGAT ATTCGTAAAC GTATTATTAA consensus TTCCAAGA.T TAGCTCAAAA ATTTGT.GAT ATTCGTAAAC GTATTAT.AA 2001                                              2050 adhemg1363 ATTCTACCAC CCACACAAAG CACAAATGGT TGCTATCCCT ACTACTTCTG adhedb1341 ATTCTACCAT CCACATAAAG CACAAATGGT TGCAATTCCT ACTACTTCTG consensus ATTCTACCA. CCACA.AAAG CACAAATGGT TGC.AT.CCT ACTACTTCTG 2051                                              2100 adhemg1363 GTACTGGTTC TGAAGTGACT CCATTTGCGG TTATCACTGA TGATGAAACT adhedb1341 GTACTGGTTC TGAAGTGACT CCATTTGCAG TTATCACTGA TGATGAAACT consensus GTACTGGTTC TGAAGTGACT CCATTTGC.G TTATCACTGA TGATGAAACT 2101                                              2150 adhemg1363 CACGTTAAAT ATCCACTTGC TGACTATCAA TTGACACCTC AAGTTGCCAT adhedb1341 CATGTTAAGT ACCCACTTGC TGACTACCAA TTAACACCAC AAGTTGCCAT consensus CA.GTTAA.T A.CCACTTGC TGACTA.CAA TT.ACACC.C AAGTTGCCAT 2151                                              2200 adhemg1363 TGTTGACCCT GAGTTTGTTA TGACTGTACC AAAACGTACT GTTTCTTGGT adhedb1341 TGTTGACCCT GAGTTTGTTA TGACTGTACC AAAACGTACT GTTTCTTGGT consensus TGTTGACCCT GAGTTTGTTA TGACTGTACC AAAACGTACT GTTTCTTGGT 2201                                              2250 adhemg1363 CTGGGATTGA TGCTATGTCA CACGCGCTTG AATCTTATGT TTCTGTCATG adhedb1341 CTGGTATTGA TGCGATGTCA CACGCGCTTG AATCTTACGT TTCTGTTATG consensus CTGG.ATTGA TGC.ATGTCA CACGCGCTTG AATCTTA.GT TTCTGT.ATG 2251                                              2300 adhemg1363 TCTTCTGACT ATACAAAACC AATTTCACTT CAAGCCATCA AACTCATCTT adhedb1341 TCTTCTGACT ATACAAAACC AATTTCACTT CAAGCGATCA AACTTATCTT consensus TCTTCTGACT ATACAAAACC AATTTCACTT CAAGC.ATCA AACT.ATCTT 2301                                              2350 adhemg1363 TGAAAACTTG ACTGAGTCTT ATCATTATGA CCCAGCTCAT CCAACCAAAG adhedb1341 TGAAAACTTG ACTGAGTCTT ATCATTATGA CCCAGCGCAT CCAACTAAAG consensus TGAAAACTTG ACTGAGTCTT ATCATTATGA CCCAGC.CAT CCAAC.AAAG 2351                                              2400 adhemg1363 AAGGTCAAAA AGCTCGCGAA AACATGCACA ATGCTGCAAC ACTCGCTGGT adhedb1341 AAGGACAAAA AGCCCGCGAA AACATGCACA ATGCTGCAAC ACTCGCTGGT consensus AAGG.CAAAA AGC.CGCGAA AACATGCACA ATGCTGCAAC ACTCGCTGGT 2401                                              2450 adhemg1363 ATGGCCTTCG CCAATGCTTT CCTTGGAATT AACCACTCAC TTGCTCATAA adhedb1341 ATGGCCTTCG CTAATGCTTT CCTTGGAATT AACCACTCAC TTGCTCATAA consensus ATGGCCTTCG C.AATGCTTT CCTTGGAATT AACCACTCAC TTGCTCATAA 2451                                              2500 adhemg1363 AATTGCTGGT GAATTTGGGC TTCCTCATGG TCTTGCCATT GCTATCGCTA adhedb1341 AATTGGTGGT GAATTTGGAC TTCCTCATGG TCTTGCCATT GCCATCGCTA consensus AATTG.TGGT GAATTTGG.C TTCCTCATGG TCTTGCCATT GC.ATCGCTA 2501                                              2550 adhemg1363 TGCCACATGT CATTAAATTT AACGCTGTAA CAGGAAACGT TAAATTTACC adhedb1341 TGCCACATGT CATTAAATTT AACGCTGTAA CAGGAAACGT TAAACGTACC consensus TGCCACATGT CATTAAATTT AACGCTGTAA CAGGAAACGT TAAA..TACC 2551                                              2600 adhemg1363 CCTTACCCAC GTTATGAAAC TTATCGTGCG CAAGAAGACT ACGCTGAAAT adhedb1341 CCTTACCCAC GTTATGAAAC ATATCGTGCT CAAGAGGACT ACGCTGAAAT consensus CCTTACCCAC GTTATGAAAC .TATCGTGC. CAAGA.GACT ACGCTGAAAT 2601                                              2650 adhemg1363 TTCACGCTTC ATGGGATTTG CTGGCAAAGA AGATTCAGAT GAAAAAGCGG adhedb1341 TTCACGCTTC ATGGGATTTG CTGGTAAAGA TGATTCAGAT GAAAAAGCTG consensus TTCACGCTTC ATGGGATTTG CTGG.AAAGA .GATTCAGAT GAAAAAGC.G 2651                                              2700 adhemg1363 TCAAAGCTTT TGTTGCTGAA CTTAAAAAAT TGACTGATAG TATTGATATT adhedb1341 TGCAAGCTCT GGTTGCTGAA CTTAAGAAAC TGACTGATAG CATTGATATT consensus T..AAGCT.T .GTTGCTGAA CTTAA.AAA. TGACTGATAG .ATTGATATT 2701                                              2750 adhemg1363 AATATCACCC TTTCAGGAAA TGGTGTAGAT AAAGCTCACC TTGAACGTGA adhedb1341 AATATCACCC TTTCAGGAAA TGGTATCGAT AAAGCTCACC TTGAACGTGA consensus AATATCACCC TTTCAGGAAA TGGT.T.GAT AAAGCTCACC TTGAACGTGA 2751                                              2800 adhemg1363 GCTTGATAAA TTGGCTGACC TTGTT adhedb1341 ACTTGATAAA TTGGCTGACC TTGTTTATGA TGATCAATGT ACTCCTGCTA consensus .CTTGATAAA TTGGCTGACC TTGTT..... .......... .......... 2801                                              2850 adhedb1341 ATCCTCGTCA ACCAAGAATT GATGAGATTA AACAGTTGTT GTTAGATCAA consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 2851                                              2900 adhedb1341 TACTAATAAT CTGTTGATAA AATTATTAAA ACGCTCTGAT GAATTCGTCA consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 2901                                              2950 adhedb1341 GAGCATTTTT TATTATAGCT TATACAACTA TCAAAAGGTA TAAATCAATT consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 2951                                              3000 adhedb1341 TCGATATAGG CTCTTTTCAC TCCATTGATT TATGCATTTC TATAAAAATC consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 3001                                              3050 adhedb1341 AATAATTAAT TAGCGATAGA AGTCGAGTTC ATGCATGCTA ATAATGAAAT consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 3051                                              3100 adhedb1341 TGTTTTAAAT TCTGGTTTTT CTTTATGTTC TTTGCGAACA TCTTTCACAG consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 3101                                              3150 adhedb1341 TTTCTTTGTT CATGAAAATT CCTCCTTATT ATGGTACTAT TTTGAGCCCA consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 3151                                              3193 adhedb1341 AATAGTTATA TAAGAATCCT AAACTTCGGA TATCTTATCA AAG consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... ...

[0116] 8. Obtaining and Sequencing the Entire adhE Locus from L. lactis Strain MG1363

[0117] Inverse PCR was carried out on digested and religated chromosomal DNA of strain MG1363, using primers adhE-146 and adhE-MG5 (see FIG. 5). A PCR fragment was obtained which in addition to the above fragment of the MG1363 adhE sequence comprised an about 2.9 kb sequence upstream of that fragment including the 5′-end of the adhE coding sequence and and open reading frame, designated orfB showing a high homology with the corresponding open reading frame from strain DB1341.

[0118] The entire sequence of the adhE locus of Lactococcus lactis strain MG1363 is shown in Table 1.9 below. TABLE 1.9 The adhE locus of strain MG1363    1 TTTGGTGACCGAAGTGAACACCAGCTTCAAGAAGTTGTTTCATTGAAATA 50 (SEQ ID NOS:28/30)   51 ACTGACATGTTAATGTCTCCTTTTAAAATAGTTTTTCCTCTTTCATCTGT 100  101 CATCCGCAGCCGCAATACTTGCGTACACTACGACTTTGTCGAGACGAAAT 150  151 GCGAGATGGTTGCATAGCAACTCTCTCATTATACATTGTTTAAGCTACTT 200  201 TTGCAAGCATCTATTCATTTATTTCTTTTATCAATATGAGTAAATGAAAG 250  251 CTATCCTACCCCCCTTTCTTTTTATTCTGTTTTTTATATCTCAATGTTGT 300  301 CTGACAAATTTAACGAATATTTTTGCCTATATAATCCCCATAAGGGAGAT 350  351 TTTTACATTTTTTTCTAAGAATAAAATTAATATTTTTGCTGAAAACGCTT 400  401 TTTTTGTGATAAAATAATTATAGTAAATAAAATAGTTTGTGAGGAGAGAA 450  451 ATATGAAAGAAAAAATCCTTTTAGGCGGTTATACTAAACGTGTATCTAAA 500  orfB  M  K  E  K  I  L  L  G  G  Y  T  K  R  V  S  K (SEQ ID NO:29)  501 GGCGTTTACAGTGTTCTATTAGATAGCAAGAAAGCTGAATTGTCGGCTTT 550     G  V  Y  S  V  L  L  D  S  K  K  A  E  L  S  A  L                                               Sau3AI  551 AACTGAAGTTGCAGCGGTTCAAAATCCAACTTATATCACTCTTGATCAAA 600      T  E  V  A  A  V  Q  N  P  T  Y  I  T  L  D  Q  K  601 AAGGGCACCTCTACACTTGTGCTGCTGATGGAAATGGTGGTGGAATTGCT 650       G  H  L  Y  T  C  A  A  D  G  N  G  G  G  I  A  651 GCCTTTGATTTCGATGGTCAAAATACAACTCACCTAGGGAATGTAACGAG 700     A  F  D  F  D  G  Q  N  T  T  H  L  G  N  V  T  S  701 TACTGGAGCCCCTTTGTGTTATGTGGCTGTTGATGAAGCACGTCAACTCG 750      T  G  A  P  L  C  Y  V  A  V  D  E  A  R  Q  L  V  751 TTTATGGTGCCAACTATCACTTGGGTGAAGTTCGTGTGTACAAAATTCAA 800       Y  G  A  N  Y  H  L  G  E  V  R  V  Y  K  I  Q  801 GCTGATGGTTCCCTTAGATTAACCGATACAGTTAAACATAATGGTTCTGG 850     A  D  G  S  L  R  L  T  D  T  V  K  H  N  G  S  G  851 CCCTCGACCTGAGCAAGCAAGTTCTCATGTCCATTACTCTGATTTAACTC 900      P  R  P  E  Q  A  S  S  H  V  H  Y  S  D  L  T  P  901 CAGATGGTCGTCTTGTTACTTGTGATTTAGGTACAGATGAAGTGACTGTT 950       D  G  R  L  V  T  C  D  L  G  T  D  E  V  T  V  951 TACGATGTTATTGGTGAAGGTAAACTCAATATCGTTACGATTTATCGTGC 1000     Y  D  V  I  G  E  G  K  L  N  I  V  T  I  Y  R  A 1001 CGAAAAAGGAATGGGAGCTCGTCACATCAGCTTCCATCCTAATGGAAAAA 1050       E  K  G  M  G  A  R  H  I  S  F  H  P  N  G  K  I 1051 TTGCTTATCTCGTCGGAGAATTAAATTCAACTATTGAAGTTCTAAGCTAT 1100        A  Y  L  V  G  E  L  N  S  T  I  E  V  L  S  Y 1101 AATGAAGAAAAAGGACGATTCGCTCGTCTTCAAACAATCAGTACTTTACC 1150      N  E  E  K  G  R  F  A  R  L  Q  T  I  S  T  L  P 1151 TGAAGACTATCACGGAGCCAATGGAGTAGCTGCTATTCGAATTTCTTCTG 1200       E  D  Y  H  G  A  N  G  V  A  A  I  R  I  S  S  D 1201 ATGGTAAGTTCCTCTATGCTTCTAATCGTGGGCACGACTCTTTAGCAATT 1250        G  K  F  L  Y  A  S  N  R  G  H  D  S  L  A  I 1251 TACAAGGTAAGTCCTCTCGGAACAAAATTAGAATCTATTGGTTGGACAAA 1300      Y  K  V  S  P  L  G  T  K  L  E  S  I  G  W  T  K 1301 GACTGAATATCATATTCCACGCGATTTTAATTTTAATAAAACCGAAGATT 1350       T  E  Y  H  I  P  R  D  F  N  F  N  K  T  E  D  Y 1351 ATATCATTGTCGCTCATCAAGAATCTGATAATTTAACTCTTTTCTTGAGA 1400        I  I  V  A  H  Q  E  S  D  N  L  T  L  F  L  R 1401 GATAAAAATACAGGGTCATTAACGTTAGAACAAAAAGACTTTTACGCTCC 1450      D  K  N  T  G  S  L  T  L  E  Q  K  D  F  Y  A  P 1451 TGAAATTACTTGTGTTTTACCTTTGTAAAAACTAAACTTTAGTAAATCTT 1500       E  I  T  C  V  L  P  L  Stop 1501 GCTTTTGTTTTTTCACAAAGTTTTACTAAATCAGACAAAAAAATATTGCC 1550 1551 AAATCTTTAAAAGGATTGGCAATATTTTTTTGTCTGAAACCCTTGCTTAT 1600 1601 AAAGCGATTTCTAAAAGTTTGATGAGTTTTTTTGTAAATTTCATCACAAT 1650 1651 ATCGCTTGACTTCTTTAAAAAACTTTGTTAAACTATTCACGTAAAAGAAA 1717 1701 GTGAATGGAATCACAAAGGAGAACGTACACATATGGCAACTAAAAAAGCC 1750                                adhE  M  A  T  K  K  A (SEQ ID NO:31) 1751 GCTCCAGCTGCAAAGAAAGTTTTAAGCGCTGAAGAAAAAGCCGCAAAATT 1800      A  P  A  A  K  K  V  L  S  A  E  E  K  A  A  K  F                           Sau3AI 1801 CCAAGGAAGTGTCGCTTATACTGATCAATTAGTCAAAAAAGCTCAAGCTG 1850       Q  G  S  V  A  Y  T  D  Q  L  V  K  K  A  Q  A  A 1851 CAGTTCTTAAATTTGAAGGATACACACAAACTCAAGTTGATACTATTGTT 1900        V  L  K  F  E  G  Y  T  Q  T  Q  V  D  T  I  V 1901 GCTGCAATGGCTCTTGCAGCAAGCAAACATTCTCTGGAACTCGCTCACGA 1950      A  A  M  A  L  A  A  S  K  H  S  L  E  L  A  H  E 1951 AGCCGTTAATGAAACTGGCCGTGGAGTTGTTGAGGACAAAGATACAAAAA 2000       A  V  N  E  T  G  R  G  V  V  E  D  K  D  T  K  N 2001 ACCATTTTGCTTCTGAATCTGTTTATAATGCAATCAAAAATGATAAAACA 2050        H  F  A  S  E  S  V  Y  N  A  I  K  N  D  K  T 2051 GTTGGCGTTATCGCTGAAAACAAAGTTGCTGGTTCTGTTGAAATCGCAAG 2100      V  G  V  I  A  E  N  K  V  A  G  S  V  E  I  A  S 2101 CCCCCTTGGAGTACTTGCTGGTATTGTCCCAACAACTAATCCAACATCAA 2150       P  L  G  V  L  A  G  I  V  P  T  T  N  P  T  S  T 2151 CAGCCATCTTTAAATCATTATTAACTGCAAAGACACGTAATGCTATTGTC 2200        A  I  F  K  S  L  L  T  A  K  T  R  N  A  I  V 2201 TTTGCCTTTCACCCACAAGCACAAAAATGCTCAAGCCATGCGGCAAAAAT 2250      F  A  F  H  P  Q  A  Q  K  C  S  S  H  A  A  K  I 2251 TGTTTATGATGCTGCGATTGAAGCTGGTGCACCTGAAGACTTTATTCAAT 2300       V  Y  D  A  A  I  E  A  G  A  P  E  D  F  I  Q  W 2301 GGATTGAAGTACCCAGTCTTGATATGACGACTGCTTTGATTCAAAATAGA 2350        I  E  V  P  S  L  D  M  T  T  A  L  I  Q  N  R 2351 GGAATTGCTACAATTCTTGCAACTGGTGGTCCAGGTATGGTCAATGCCGC 2400      G  I  A  T  I  L  A  T  G  G  P  G  M  V  N  A  A 2401 GCTTAAGTCTGGTAATCCTTCACTTGGTGTAGGTGCTGGTAATGGTGCAG 2450       L  K  S  G  N  P  S  L  G  V  G  A  G  N  G  A  V                               Sau3AI         Sau3AI 2451 TTTATGTTGATGCAACTGCAAATATCGATCGTGCTGTTGAAGATCTTTTG 2500        Y  V  D  A  T  A  N  I  D  R  A  V  E  D  L  L 2501 CTTTCAAAACGTTTTGATAACGGAATGATTTGTGCGACTGAAAACTCTGC 2550      L  S  K  R  F  D  N  G  M  I  C  A  T  E  N  S  A 2551 AGTTATTGATGCATCAATCTATGATGAATTTGTCGCTAAAATGCCAACGC 2600       V  I  D  A  S  I  Y  D  E  F  V  A  K  M  P  T  Q 2601 AAGGCGCTTATATGGTTCCTAAAAAAGATTACAAGGCAATTGAAAGTTTT 2650        G  A  Y  M  V  P  K  K  D  Y  K  A  I  E  S  F 2651 GTTTTCGTTGAACGTGCTGGTGAAGGTTTTGGTGTAACTGGTCCTGTTGC 2700      V  F  V  E  R  A  G  E  G  F  G  V  T  G  P  V  A 2701 TGGTCGTTCTGGTCAATGGATTGCTGAACAAGCTGGTGTTAACGTCCCTA 2750       G  R  S  G  Q  W  I  A  E  Q  A  G  V  N  V  P  K 2751 AAGATAAAGATGTTCTTCTTTTTGAACTTGATAAGAAAAATATTGGGGAA 2800        D  K  D  V  L  L  F  E  L  D  K  K  N  I  G  E 2801 GCTCTTTCTTCTGAAAAACTTTCTCCTTTGCTTTCAATCTACAAATCAGA 2850      A  L  S  S  E  K  L  S  P  L  L  S  I  Y  K  S  E 2851 AACACGTGAAGAAGGAATTGAAATTGTACGTAGCTTACTTGCTTACCAAG 2900       T  R  E  E  G  I  E  I  V  R  S  L  L  A  Y  Q  G 2901 GAGCTGGTCACAACGCTGCCATTCAAATCGGTGCAATGGACGACCCATTT 2950        A  G  H  N  A  A  I  Q  I  G  A  M  D  D  P  F 2951 GTCAAAGAATACGGAATTAAAGTCGAAGCTTCTCGTATCCTCGTTAACCA 3000      V  K  E  Y  G  I  K  V  E  A  S  R  I  L  V  N  Q 3001 ACCTGACTCTATCGGTGGGGTCGGAGATATTTATACTGATGCAATGCGTC 3050       P  D  S  I  G  G  V  G  D  I  Y  T  D  A  M  R  P 3051 CATCATTGACGCTCGGAACTGGTTCATGGGGGAAAAATTCACTTTCACAC 3100        S  L  T  L  G  T  G  S  W  G  K  N  S  L  S  H                    Sau3AI 3101 AATTTGAGTACATACGATCTATTGAATGTTAAAACAGTGGCTAAACGTCG 3150      N  L  S  T  Y  D  L  L  N  V  K  T  V  A  K  R  R 3151 TAATCGCCCTCAATGGGTTCGTTTGCCAAAAGAAATTTACTACGAAAAAA 3200       N  R  P  Q  W  V  R  L  P  K  E  I  Y  Y  E  K  N 3201 ATGCAATTTCTTACTTACAAGAATTGCCACACGTCCACAAAGCTTTCATT 3250        A  I  S  Y  L  Q  E  L  P  H  V  H  K  A  F  I 3251 GTTGCCGACCCTGGTATGGTTAAATTCGGTTTCGTTGATAAAGTTTTGGA 3300      V  A  D  P  G  M  V  K  F  G  F  V  D  K  V  L  E 3301 ACAACTTGCTATCCGCCCAACTCAAGTTGAAACAAGCATTTATGGCTCAG 3350       Q  L  A  I  R  P  T  Q  V  E  T  S  I  Y  G  S  V 3351 TCCAACCTGACCCAACTTTGAGTGAAGCAATTGCAATCGCTCGTCAAATG 3400        Q  P  D  P  T  L  S  E  A  I  A  I  A  R  Q  M 3401 AACCATTTTGAACCTGACACTGTCATCTGTCTTGGTGGTGGTTCTGCTCT 3450      N  H  F  E  P  D  T  V  I  C  L  G  G  G  S  A  L 3451 CGATGCTGGTAAGATTGGTCGTTTGATTTATGAATATGATGCTCGTGGTG 3500       D  A  G  K  I  G  R  L  I  Y  E  Y  D  A  R  G  E                                 Sau3AI 3501 AGGCTGACCTTTCCGATGACGCAAGTTTGAAAGAGATCTTCCAAGAGTTA 3550        A  D  L  S  D  D  A  S  L  K  E  I  F  Q  E  L 3551 GCTCAAAAATTTGTTGATATTCGTAAACGTATTATCAAATTCTACCACCC 3600      A  Q  K  F  V  D  I  R  K  R  I  I  K  F  Y  H  P 3601 ACACAAAGCACAAATGGTTGCTATCCCTACTACTTCTGGTACTGGTTCTG 3650       H  K  A  Q  M  V  A  I  P  T  T  S  G  T  G  S  E 3651 AAGTGACTCCATTTGCGGTTATCACTGATGATGAAACTCACGTTAAATAT 3700        V  T  P  F  A  V  I  T  D  D  E  T  H  V  K  Y 3701 CCACTTGCTGACTATCAATTGACACCTCAAGTTGCCATTGTTGACCCTGA 3750      P  L  A  D  Y  Q  L  T  P  Q  V  A  I  V  D  P  E 3751 GTTTGTTATGACTGTACCAAAACGTACTGTTTCTTGGTCTGGGATTGATG 3800       F  V  M  T  V  P  K  R  T  V  S  W  S  G  I  D  A 3801 CTATGTCACACGCGCTTGAATCTTATGTTTCTGTCATGTCTTCTGACTAT 3850        M  S  H  A  L  E  S  Y  V  S  V  M  S  S  D  Y 3851 ACAAAACCAATTTCACTTCAAGCCATCAAACTCATCTTTGAAAACTTGAC 3900      T  K  P  I  S  L  Q  A  I  K  L  I  F  E  N  L  T 3901 TGAGTCTTATCATTATGACCCAGCTCATCCAACCAAAGAAGGTCAAAAAG 3950       E  S  Y  H  Y  D  P  A  H  P  T  K  E  G  Q  K  A 3951 CTCGCGAAAACATGCACAATGCTGCAACACTCGCTGGTATGGCCTTCGCC 4000        R  E  N  M  H  N  A  A  T  L  A  G  M  A  F  A 4001 AATGCTTTCCTTGGAATTAACCACTCACTTGCTCATAAAATTGCTGGTGA 4050      N  A  F  L  G  I  N  H  S  L  A  H  K  I  A  G  E 4051 ATTTGGGCTTCCTCATGGTCTTGCCATTGCTATCGCTATGCCACATGTCA 4100       F  G  L  P  H  G  L  A  I  A  I  A  M  P  H  V  I 4101 TTAAATTTAACGCTGTAACAGGAAACGTTAAATTTACCCCTTACCCACGT 4150        K  F  N  A  V  T  G  N  V  K  F  T  P  Y  P  R 4151 TATGAAACTTATCGTGCGCAAGAAGACTACGCTGAAATTTCACGCTTCAT 4200      Y  E  T  Y  R  A  Q  E  D  Y  A  E  I  S  R  F  M 4201 GGGATTTGCTGGCAAAGAAGATTCAGATGAAAAAGCGGTCAAAGCTTTGG 4250       G  F  A  G  K  E  D  S  D  E  K  A  V  K  A  L  V 4251 TTGCTGAACTTAAAAAATTGACTGATAGTATTGATATTAATATCACCCTT 4300        A  E  L  K  K  L  T  D  S  I  D  I  N  I  T  L 4301 TCAGGAAATGGTGTAGATAAAGCTCATCTTGAACGTGAGCTTGATAAATT 4350      S  G  N  G  V  D  K  A  H  L  E  R  E  L  D  K  L 4351 GGCTGACCTTGTTTACGATGACCAATGTACACCTGCTAATCCACGTCAAC 4400       A  D  L  V  Y  D  D  Q  C  T  P  A  N  P  R  Q  P 4401 CAAGAATTGATGAGATTAAACAACTCTTGTTAGACCAATATTAATATATT 4450        R  I  D  E  I  K  Q  L  L  L  D  Q  Y  Stop 4451 AATTATAGTATTTGGAACCGAACGATATCCATGCTCGCTAACCTGCTAAA 4500 4501 GCAGGAAGTCGCAATGGTACGTCAACCAAGAATTGATGAGATTAAACAAC 4550             Sau3AI 4551 TCTTGTTAGATCAATACTAATAATCTGTTGATAAAAATAATTAAAACGCT 4600 4601 CTGATGAATTCGTCAGAGCGTTTTTTATTATAGCTTATACAACTATCAAA 4650 4651 AGGTATAAATCAATTTCGATATAGGCTCTTTTCACTCCATTGATTTATAT 4700                                        Sau3AI 4701 TATATAAAAATCAATAATTAATTAGCGATAGAAGTGATCC 4741

EXAMPLE 2

[0119] 1. Construction of L. lactis DB1341 and MG1363 adhE Mutant Strains by Gene Inactivation

[0120] Inactivation of the adhE gene of strain DB1341 was carried out by Campbell-like integration (Leenthous et al., 1991) of pSMA-500 derivatives into the DB1341 chromosome. The adhE gene of strain DB1341 was inactivated at two different positions by cloning of PCR fragments (see FIG. 2) into the integration vector pSMA500 (Madsen et al., 1996). A 706 bp internal adhE fragment was amplified from the DB1341 chromosome using-primer adhP1 (position 1069-1088 in Table 1.4) and primer adhP2 (position 1775-1756 in Table 1.4). These primers contain a XhoI and a BamHI recognition site at the 5′ end. The PCR fragment was digested with XhoI and BamHI followed by cloning into pSMA500. The resulting plasmid, pSMAKAS4 (FIG. 3), was introduced into E. coli MC1000 by electroporation (Sambrook et al., 1989). Plasmid pSMAKAS4 was purified and subsequently introduced into strain DB1341 by electroporation (Holo and Nes 1989) and transformants were selected on SGM17 plates containing 1 μg/ml erythromycin and 80 μg/ml X-gal (Madsen et al., 1996). Homologous integration leads to an adhE gene which is interrupted after amino acid residue Asp⁵⁴³. About 100 blue transformants were obtained, indicating that a transcriptional fusion of the adhE gene to the lacLM reporter gene of pSMA500 had occurred. Eight blue transformants were restreaked and the integration point was verified by PCR analysis. One strain, DBKAS4, was selected for further studies.

[0121] Another integration further downstream in the adhE gene was constructed by a similar strategy. A 616 bp adhE fragment was amplified from the DB1341 chromosome using primer orf3P1 (position 2112-2138 in Table 1.4) and primer orf3P2 (position 2728-2708 in Table 1.4). The cloning of this fragment into pSMA500 resulted in plasmid pSMAKAS5 (FIG. 3). Introduction of pSMAKAS5 into DB1341 and subsequent integration into the adhE gene leads to an adhE gene, which is interrupted after amino acid residue Ile⁸⁶¹. About 400 blue transformants were obtained, which again indicated that a transcriptional fusion of the adhE gene to the lacLM reporter gene of pSMA500 had occurred. Eight blue transformants were restreaked and the integration point was verified by PCR analysis. One strain, DBKAS5, was selected for further studies.

[0122] pSMAKAS4 and pSMAKAS5 were used also to inactivate the MG1363 adhE gene. One transformant from each transformation that turned blue on X-gal plates (MGKAS4 and MGKAS5), and therefore contained a translational fusion of the lacLM reporter gene of pSMA500 to the MG1363 adhE gene, was isolated for further studies.

[0123] A sample of Lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis biovar diacetylactis strains DBKAS4 and DBKAS5, respectively and of Lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis strains MGKAS4 and MGKAS5, respectively were deposited under the Budapest Treaty with the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Mascheroder Weg 1b, D-38 124 Braunschweig, Germany on 18 Jul. 1996 under the accession Nos DSM 11084, DSM 11085, DSM 11081 and DSM 11082, respectively.

[0124] A further adhE mutant strain was obtained by PCR using MG1363 DNA as template and primers adhP1-XhoI (sequence 5′-GGCCGCTCGAGGTTGAACGTGCTGGTGAAGG-3′; spanning position 2657-2676 in the MG1363 adhE sequence) (SEQ ID NO:32) and adhP2-BamHI (sequence 5′-TAGTAGGATCCGGGTCAGGTTGGACTGAGCC-3′; spanning position 3363-3344 in the MG1363 adhE sequence) (SEQ ID NO:33). A 700 bp fragment was digested with XhoI and BamHI, cloned into likewise digested pSMA500 and transformed into E. coli MC1000. The new construction, pSMAKAS14 was introduced into L. lactis MG1363 via electroporation. Integration led to disruption of the resident adhE gene and one transformant that turned blue on X-gal plates (integration results in transcriptional fusion to lacLM, a reporter gene) was selected for further analysis and was named MGKAS14. This integrant should express an AdhE protein truncated at position Asp⁵⁴³.

[0125] A sample of MGKAS14 was deposited under the Budapest Treaty with the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Mascheroder Weg 1b, D-38 124 Braunschweig, Germany on 10 Jul. 1997 under the accession No. DSM 11654.

[0126] 2. Physiological Characterization of MGKAS14

[0127] Physiological studies of MGKAS14 was carried by cultivating the strain in anaerobiosis in M17 medium supplemented with either glucose (GM17) or galactose (GalM17). The production under these conditions of the metabolites formate, acetaldehyde and pyruvate, respectively was measured and compared to corresponding measurement for the wild type strain, cultivated under similar conditions. In GM17 the production of formate in the mutant strain was reduced (4.86 in GM1363 vs. 1.67 in MGKAS14), the production of acetaldehyde was increased (0.52 in MG1363 vs. 0.67 in MGKAS14). No pyruvate was detected with any of the test strains. In the GalM17 medium, the production of formate was reduced substantially in the mutant strain (39.11 in GM1363 vs. 4.39 in MGKAS14) and that of acetaldehyde increased (0.67 in MG1363 vs. 1.12 in MGKAS14). None of the strains produced pyruvate.

EXAMPLE 3 Cloning of the L. lactis pfl Gene

[0128] The sequence of the pfl gene encoding pyruvate formate-lyase, a key enzyme in anaerobic metabolism, has only been reported in a few bacteria. DNA sequence homology between the different bacterial pfl genes is limited, making it difficult to clone this gene from other organisms (Table 3.1). Recently, this gene has been cloned in Streptococcus mutans (Yamamoto et al., 1996). The S. mutans pfl gene encodes a 775 amino acid protein as deduced from the published DNA sequence. TABLE 3.1 Homology (DNA and protein level) of the L. lactis pfl with other bacterial pfl genes Homology to the L. lactis Pfl protein Pfl protein Identity Similarity DNA homology^(a) Organism 759 aa 42.2% 73% 55.1% E. coli 769 aa 42.1% 76% 55.4% H. influenzae 740 aa NA NA 52.6% C. pasteurianum 775 aa NA NA 71.8% S. mutans

[0129] 1. Construction of Lactococcus lactis λZAP Genomic Libraries

[0130] λZAP genomic libraries of L. lactis strains DB1341 and MG1363 were constructed according to the manufacturer's instructions (Stratagene) using partially Sau3AI-digested chromosomal DNA (average size about 5 kb) cloned into λ vector BamHI arms. Average insert size was estimated to be 3 kb.

[0131] 2. Screening of a λZAP Genomic Library of Strain DB1341 with a S. mutans pfl Probe

[0132] A 1 kb EcoRI fragment from the S. mutans pfl gene, encompassing positions 1190-2213 of the published S. mutans sequence (codons 298-639 of the pfl gene) was randomly labelled and used for screening the λZAP genomic library of strain DB1341 (approximately 2×10⁵ pfu; Sambrook et al., 1989). Filters were washed at low stringency (2×30 min at room temperature in 5×SSC, then 1×30 min at 65° C. in 3×SSC; 0.1% SDS), and two positive clones, pfl1 and pfl2 were identified.

[0133] A sample of an E. coli strain transformed with clone pfl1 was deposited under the Budapest Treaty with the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Mascheroder Weg 1b, D-38 124 Braunschweig, Germany on 25 Jul. 1996 under the accession Nos DSM 11103.

[0134] 3. Sequencing Positive λZAP Clones and Identification of Clones Containing a pfl Fragment

[0135] Following in vivo excision (Stratagene) and plasmid DNA isolation, sequence analysis (ALF sequenator, Pharmacia) was carried out for pfl1 using T7 and T3 primers (Stratagene). Approximately 2.1 kb was sequenced from one end of clone pfl1 (from position 1342 in Table 3.2 below), and a truncated, uninterrupted ORF spanning 1.1 kb was found that showed significant homology to other pfl genes, both at the DNA and protein level (Tables 3.3 and 3.4). A putative rho-independent transcription terminator (de Vos and Simons 1994) is located 26 bp downstream of the stop codon (positions 2468-2490 in Table 3.2). TABLE 3.2 Sequence of the L. lactis DB1341 pf1 gene The coding sequence starts at position 80 and ends at position 2443. A putative ribosome binding site is shown in bold, double underline (positions 65-71). A putative rho-independent transcriptional terminator (de Vos and Simons 1994) is found at positions 2468-2490 and is shown in bold, underline (stem) or dotted underline (loop). E c o R I GAATTCTGTTTGCTATTCTCAAACTGTATGATATAATGAAGTTGTAATTT (SEQ ID NO:15) 1 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 50 GAAACAGAAAGAACAAAGGAGATTTCAAAATGAAAACCGAAGTTACGGAA 51 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 100                              MetLysThrGluValThrGlu - (SEQ ID NO:16) AATATCTTTGAACAAGCTTGGGATGGTTTTAAAGGAACCAACTGGCGCGA 1 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 150 AsnIlePheGluGlnAlaTrpAspGlyPheLysGlyThrAsnTrpArgAsp - TAAAGCAAGCGTTACTCGCTTTGTACAAGAAAACTACAAACCATATGATG 151 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 200  LysAlaSerValThrArgPheValGlnGluAsnTyrLysProTyrAspGly - GTGATGAAAGCTTTCTTGCTGGGCCAACAGAACGTACACTTAAAGTAAAG 201 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 250   AspGluSerPheLeuAlaGlyProThrGluArgThrLeuLysValLys - AAAATTATTGAAGATACAAAAAATCACTACGAAGAAGTAGGATTTCCCTT 251 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 300 LysIleIleGluAspThrLysAsnHisTyrGluGluValGlyPheProPhe - CGATACTGACCGCGTAACCTCTATTGATAAAATCCCTGCTGGATATATCG 301 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 350  AspThrAspArgValThrSerIleAspLysIleProAlaGlyTyrIleAsp - ATGCTAATGATAAAGAACTTGAACTCATCTATGGGATGCAAAATAGCGAA 351 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 400   AlaAsnAspLysGluLeuGluLeuIleTyrGlyMetGlnAsnSerGlu - CTTTTCCGCTTGAATTTCATGCCAAGAGGTGGACTTCGTGTTGCTGAAAA 401 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 450 LeuPheArgLeuAsnPheMetProArgGlyGlyLeuArgValAlaGluLys - GATTTTGACAGAACACGGTCTCTCAGTTGACCCAGGCTTGCATGATGTTT 451 ---------+---------+---------+----------+--------+ 500  IleLeuThrGluHisGlyLeuSerValAspProGlyLeuHisAspValLeu - TGTCACAAACAATGACTTCTGTAAATGATGGAATCTTTCGTGCTTATACT 501 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 550   SerGlnThrMetThrSerValAsnAspGlyIlePheArgAlaTyrThr - TCAGCAATTCGTAAAGCACGTCATGCTCATACTGTAACAGGTTTGCCAGA 551 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 600 SerAlaIleArgLysAlaArgHisAlaHisThrValThrGlyLeuProAsp - TGCTTACTCTCGTGGACGTATCATTGGTGTCTATGCACGTCTTGCCCTTT 601 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 650  AlaTyrSerArgGlyArgIleIleGlyValTyrAlaArgLeuAlaLeuTyr - ACGGTGCTGATTACCTTATGAAGGAAAAAGCAAAAGAATGGGATGCAATC 651 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 700   GlyAlaAspTyrLeuMetLysGluLysAlaLysGluTrpAspAlaIle - ACTGAAATTAACGAAGAAAACATTCGTCTTAAAGAAGAAATTAATATGCA 701 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 750 ThrGluIleAsnGluGluAsnIleArgLeuLysGluGluIleAsnMetGln - ATACCAAGCTTTGCAAGAAGTTGTAAACTTTGGTGCCTTATATGGTCTTG 751 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 800 TyrGlnAlaLeuGlnGluValValAsnPheGlyAlaLeuTyrGlyLeuAsp - ATGTTTCACGTCCAGCTATGAACGTAAAAGAAGCAATCCAATGGGTTAAC 801 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 850   ValSerArgProAlaMetAsnValLysGluAlaIleGlnTrpValAsn - ATCGCTTATATGGCAGTATGTCGTGTCATTAATGGAGCTGCAACTTCACT 851 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 900 IleAlaTyrMetAlaValCysArgValIleAsnGlyAlaAlaThrserLeu - TGGACGTGTTCCAATCGTTCTTGATATCTTTGCAGAACGTGACCTTGCTC 902 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 950  GlyArgValProIleValLeuAspIlePheAlaGluArgAspLeuAlaArg - GTGGAACATTTACTGAACAAGAAATTCAAGAATTTGTTGATGATTTCGTT 951 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1000   GlyThrPheThrGluGlnGluIleGlnGluPheValAspAspPheVal - TTGAAGCTTCGTACAATGAAATTTGCTCGTGCAGCTGCTTATGATGAACT 1001 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1050 LeuLysLeuArgThrMetLysPheAlaArgAlaAlaAlaTyrAspGluLeu - TTATTCTGGTGACCCAACATTCATCACAACATCTATGGCTGGTATGGGTA 1051 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1100  TyrSerGlyAspProThrPheIleThrThrSerMetAlaGlyMetGlyAsn - ATGACGGACGTCACCGTGTCACTAAAATGGACTACCGTTTCTTGAACACA 1101 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1150   AspGlyArgHisArgValThrLysMetAspTyrArgPheLeuAsnThr - CTTGATACAATCGGAAATGCTCCAGAACCAAACTTGACAGTCCTTTGGGA 1151 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1200 LeuAspThrIleGlyAsnAlaProGluProAsnLeuThrValLeuTrpAsp - TTCTAAACTTCCTTACTCATTCAAACGTTATTCAATGTCTATGAGCCACA 1201 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1250  SerLysLeuProTyrSerPheLysArgTyrSerMetSerMetSerHisLys - AGCATTCTTCTATTCAATATGAAGGTGTTGAAACAATGGCTAAAGATGGA 1251 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1300   HisSerSerIleGlnTyrGluGlyValGluThrMetAlaLysAspGly -                                           S                                           a                                           u                                           3                                           A                                           I TATGGCGAAATGTCATGTATCTCTTGTTGTGTCTCACCACTTGATCCAGA 1301 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1350 TyrGlyGluMetSerCysIleSerCysCysValSerProLeuAspProGlu - AAATGAAGAAGGACGTCATAACCTCCAATACTTTGGTGCGCGTGTAAACG 1351 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1400  AsnGluGluGlyArgHisAsnLeuGlnTyrPheGlyAlaArgValAsnVal - TCTTGAAAGCAATGTTGACTGGTTTGAACGGTGGTTATGATGACGTTCAT 1401 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1450   LeuLysAlaMetLeuThrGlyLeuAsnGlyGlyTyrAspAspValHis - AAAGATTATAAAGTATTCGACATCGAACCTGTTCGTGACGAAATTCTTGA 1451 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1500 LysAspTyrLysValPheAspIleGluProValArgAspGluIleLeuAsp - CTATGATACAGTTATGGAAAACTTTGACAAATCTCTCGACTGGTTGACTG 1501 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1550  TyrAspThrValMetGluAsnPheAspLysSerLeuAspTrpLeuThrAsp - ATACTTATGTTGATGCAATGAATATCATTCATTACATGACTGATAAATAT 1551 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1600   ThrTyrValAspAlaMetAsnIleIleHisTyrMetThrAspLysTyr - AACTATGAAGCAGTTCAAATGGCCTTCTTGCCTACTAAAGTTCGTGCTAA 1601 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1650 AsnTyrGluAlaValGlnMetAlaPheLeuProThrLysValArgAlaAsn - CATGGGATTTGGTATCTGTGGATTCGCAAATACAGTTGATTCACTTTCAG 1651 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1700 MetGlyPheGlyIleCysGlyPheAlaAsnThrValAspSerLeuSerAla - CAATTAAATATGCTAAAGTTAAAACATTGCGTGATGAAAATGGCTATATC 1701 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1750   IleLysTyrAlaLysValLysThrLeuArgAspGluAsnGlyTyrIle -                                                 S                                                 a                                                 u                                                 3                                                 A                                                 I TACGATTACGAAGTAGAAGGTGATTTCCCTCGTTATGGTGAAGATGATGA 1751 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1800 TyrAspTyrGluValGluGlyAspPheProArgTyrGlyGluAspAspAsp - TCGTGCTGATGATATTGCTAAACTTGTCATGAAAATGTACCATGAAAAAT 1801 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1850  ArgAlaAspAspIleAlaLysLeuValMetLysMetTyrHisGluLysLeu - TAGCTTCACACAAACTTTACAAAAATGCTGAAGCTACTGTTTCACTTTTG 1851 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1900   AlaSerHisLysLeuTyrLysAsnAlaGluAlaThrValSerLeuLeu - ACAATTACATCTAACGTTGCTTACTCTAAACAAACTGGTAATTCTCCAGT 1901 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 1950 ThrIleThrSerAsnValAlaTyrSerLysGlnThrGlyAsnSerProVal - ACATAAAGGAGTATTCCTCAATGAAGATGGTACAGTAAATAAATCTAAAC 1951 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2000  HisLysGlyValPheLeuAsnGluAspGlyThrValAsnLysSerLysLeu -  E  c  o  R  I TTGAATTCTTCTCACCAGGTGCTAACCCATCTAATAAAGCTAAGGGTGGT 2001 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2050   GluPhePheSerProGlyAlaAsnProSerAsnLysAlaLysGlyGly -                                  E                                  c                                  o                                  R                                  I TGGTTGCAAAACCTTCGCTCATTGGCTAAGTTGGAATTCAAAGATGCAAA 2051 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2100 TrpLeuGlnAsnLeuArgSerLeuAlaLysLeuGluPheLysAspAlaAsn - TGATGGTATTTCATTGACTACTCAAGTTTCACCTCGTGCACTTGGTAAAA 2101 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2150  AspGlyIleSerLeuThrThrGlnValSerProArgAlaLeuGlyLysThr - CTCGTGATGAACAAGTGGATAACTTGGTTCAAATTCTTGATGGATACTTC 2151 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2200   ArgAspGluGlnValAspAsnLeuValGlnIleLeuAspGlyTyrPhe - ACACCAGGTGCTTTGATTAATGGTACTGAATTTGCAGGTCAACACGTTAA 2201 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2250 ThrProGlyAlaLeuIleAsnGlyThrGluPheAlaGlyGlnHisValAsn - CTTGAACGTAATGGACCTTAAAGATGTTTACGATAAAATCATGCGTGGTG 2252 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2300  LeuAsnValMetAspLeuLysAspValTyrAspLysIleMetArgGlyGlu - AAGATGTTATCGTTCGTATCTCTGGTTACTGTGTCAATACTAAATACCTC 2301 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2350   AspValIleValArgIleSerGlyTyrCysValAsnThrLysTyrLeu - ACACCAGAACAAAAACAAGAATTAACTGAACGTGTCTTCCATGAAGTTCT 2351 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2400 ThrProGluGlnLysGlnGluLeuThrGluArgValPheHisGluValLeu - TTCAAACGATGATGAAGAAGTAATGCATACTTCAAACATCTAATTCTTAA 2401 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2450  SerAsnAspAspGluGluValMetHisThrSerAsnIleEnd AATTTAATGAATATTCGGTCTGTCAGTTTTACTGACAGACTTTTTTTTAC 2451 ---------+---------+------{overscore (---)}+---------+---------+ 2500 GAAAAAATTAATCATAATAGTTAAAAACTATTGTTTTTAGTTTAAGAAAG 2501 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2550 TTAAATTTTATGCTAAAATAGATGAATGAAAATGGTAATTGGATTGACAG 2551 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2600 GCGGAATTGCGATGGGAAATCAACGGTGGTTGATTTTTTGATTCTGAGGG 2601 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2650 TTATCAAGTGATTGATGCTGACAAAGTTGTCCGTCAATTTACAAGAACCT 2651 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2700 GGCGGAAAACTTTACAAGGCAATATTAGAAACTTACGGTTTAGATTTTAT 2701 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2750 TGCTGACAATTGGACAGTTAAATCGTGAAAAATTAGGAGCTTTAGTTTTT 2751 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2800 TCTGATTCAAAAGAGCGCGAGAAATTATCAAACTTACAAGATGAAATTAT 2801 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2850 TCGTACAGAATTATATGATAGACGTGATGACTTATTAAAAAAAATGACTG 2851 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2900 ACAAGTCTGTCAGTAAAAATTTTGATTCAAAGAGTCAAGGAAAAAATCTG 2901 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 2950 TCAGTAAATAAGCCAATATTTATGGATATTCCGTTATTAATTGAATACAA 2951 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 3000 TTATACCGGATTTGATGAAATATGGTTGGTCAGCTTACCTGAAAAAATAC 3001 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 3050 AATTAGAAAGACTGATGGCAAGAAATAAGTTTACGGAAGAAGAAGCTAAA 3051 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 3100 AAACGAATTTCTTCACAAATGCCATTGTCAGAAAAACAAAAAGTCGCTGA 3101 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 3150 TGTCATTCTGGATAATTCTGGAAAGATTGAAGCACTAAAAAAACAAATCC 3151 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 3200 AGCGAGAACTAGCTAGGATAGAAGAACAGAAATAGAGGTGAATCGCACGA 3201 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 3250 AAACAGTTAATTGGAAAGGAATTTATTTATAACATGGATTGGCTGCTTTT 3251 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 3300 TTGTAGGTTCATCATTTTCACTCGTCATGCCTTTCTCCCCTTGTATATTC 3301 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 3350 AAGGACTGGGTGAAGCGGTGGGAATTTGAACTTTACTCAGGGTTACTTTT 3351 ---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ 3400 TCTTTGCCAGCCTTA 3401 ---------+-----  3415

[0136] TABLE 3.3 DNA homology (FASTA, GCG Wisconsin Package Version 8, Genetics Computer Group) using the complete L. lactis DB1341 pf1 sequence shown in TABLE 3.2 Only the two highest scores (S. mutans and H. influenzae pf1 genes, designated smpf1 and hi3281, respectively) are shown. (Nucleotide) FASTA of: dbpf1.seq from: 1 to: 3415 Jul. 19, 1996 10:11 The best scores are:                              init1  initn  opt . . . empro:  smpf1 D50491 Streptococcus mutans pf1 . . . 4335   5345   4996 empro:  hi32812/rev U32812 Hae. influenzae focA      652   1077   1299 empro:  ecpf1 X08035 E. coli pf1 (pyruvate form.     429    735   1214 empro:  cppf1act X93463 C. pasteurianum pf1 and act  309    487    744 emnew:  cef13b12/rev Z70683 Caenorhabditis eleg.      94    168    128 dbpf1.seq empro:  smpf1 ID      SMPFL     standard; DNA; PRO; 3067 BP. AC      D50491; NI      g1129081 DT      23 DEC. 1995 (Rel. 46, Created) DE      Streptococcus mutans pf1 gene for pyruvate formate-lyase . . . . SCORES              Init1: 4335  Initn: 5345  Opt: 4996                     71.8% identity in 2608 bp overlap                        10        20        30        40        50 dbpf1.         GAATTCTGTTTGCTATTCTCAAACTGTATGATATAATGAAGTTGTAATTTGA                                      ||||||||||| |||  | | |||| ||| smpf1  AAGCAAGTTCTTTCGCTTGTGTAACCGGTTACTGTATGATAGAATATAATCGTAAATTGT      200       210       220       230       240       250                         60        70         80           90 dbpf1. AACAGA-----------AAGAACAAAGGAGATTTCAA-AATGAAAAC---CGAAGTTACG        ||||||            |||| | ||| ||  ||||  |||  |||   | ||  ||   smpf1  AACAGATTAACTGTTACTAGAATAGAGGGGAACTCAATTATGGCAACTGTCAAAACTAAC      260       270       280       290       300       310        100       110       120       130       140       150 dbpf1. GAAAATATCTTTGAACAAGCTTGGGATGGTTTTAAAGGAACCAACTGGCGCGATAAAGCA            |  | |||||| |||| ||||| || |||||||||||  |||||   || | |||| smpf1  ACTGACGTTTTTGAAAAAGCCTGGGAAGGCTTTAAAGGAACTGACTGGAAAGACAGAGCA      320       330       340       350       360       370        160       170       180       190       200       210 dbpf1. AGCGTTACTCGCTTTGTACAAGAAAACTACAAACCATATGATGGTGATGAAAGCTTTCTT        ||| || |||||||||| ||||| |||||||  |||||||| || |  ||||| |||||| smpf1  AGCATTTCTCGCTTTGTTCAAGACAACTACACTCCATATGACGGAGGCGAAAGTTTTCTT      380       390       400       410       420       430        220       230       240       250       260       270 dbpf1. GCTGGGCCAACAGAACGTACACTTAAAGTAAAGAAAATTATTGAAGATACAAAAAATCAC        || || || || |||||| ||||| |  | || ||| |  | ||||| || |||   || smpf1  GCCGGCCCTACTGAACGTTCACTTCACATCAAAAAAGTCGTAGAAGAAACTAAAGCGCAT      440       450       460       470       480       490        280       290       300       310       320       330 dbpf1. TACGAAGAAGTAGGATTTCCCTTCGATACTGACCGCGTAACCTCTATTGATAAAATCCCT        |||||||||  | | |||||  | |||||    ||  | || ||||||| | | ||||| smpf1  TACGAAGAAACACGTTTTCCAATGGATAC---ACGTATTACATCTATTGCTGATATCCCA      500       510       520          530       540       550        340       350       360       370       380       390 dbpf1. GCTGGATATATCGATGCTAATGATAAAGAACTTGAACTCATCTATGGGATGCAAAATAGC        || || |||||         ||| || |||  |||| | || | ||| || ||||| smpf1  GCAGGTTATAT---------TGACAAGGAAAATGAATTGATTTTTGGTATCCAAAACGAT         560                570       580       590       600        400       410       420       430       440       450 dbpf1. GAACTTTTCCGCTTGAATTTCATGCCAAGAGGTGGACTTCGTGTTGCTGAAAAGATTTTG        ||||||||     |||| |||||||||| ||| ||  ||||  | |||||||    |||| smpf1  GAACTTTTTAAGCTGAACTTCATGCCAAAAGGCGGTATTCGCATGGCTGAAACAGCTTTG        610       620       630       640       650       660        460       470       480       490       500       510 dbpf1. ACAGAACACGGTCTCTCAGTTGACCCAGGCTTGCATGATGTTTTGTCACAAACAATG--A        | |||||| |||     |   ||||| | | | |||||  | |  | || ||  |||  | smpf1  AAAGAACATGGTTATGAACCAGACCCTGCCGTTCATGAAATCT--TTACCAAATATGCAA        670       680       690       700       710       720          520       530       540       550       560       570 dbpf1. CTTCTGTAAATGATGGAATCTTTCGTGCTTATACTTCAGCAATTCGTAAAGCACGTCATG        |  | || |||||||| |||||||||||||| ||||||   |||||    |||||||||| smpf1  CAACCGTTAATGATGGTATCTTTCGTGCTTACACTTCAAACATTCGCCGTGCACGTCATG          730       740       750       760       770       780          580       590       600       610       620       630 dbpf1. CTCATACTGTAACAGGTTTGCCAGATGCTTACTCTCGTGGACGTATCATTGGTGTCTATG        | || |||||||| ||| | |||||||| |||||||| |||||||| ||||| || |||| smpf1  CCCACACTGTAACTGGTCTCCCAGATGCATACTCTCGCGGACGTATTATTGGAGTTTATG          790       800       810       820       830       840          640       650       660       670       680       690 dbpf1. CACGTCTTGCCCTTTACGGTGCTGATTACCTTATGAAGGAAAAAGCAAAAGAATGGGATG        | |||||||| || || |||||||| ||| | ||| | |||||||  || || ||| | smpf1  CCCGTCTTGCTCTCTATGGTGCTGACTACTTGATGCAAGAAAAAGTGAACGACTGGAACT          850       860       870       880       890       900          700       710       720       730       740       750 dbpf1. CAATCACTGAAATTAACGAAGAAAACATTCGTCTTAAAGAAGAAATTAATATGCAATACC        ||||  |||||||| | ||||||   |||||||||   |||||||| ||| | ||||| | smpf1  CAATTGCTGAAATTGATGAAGAATCAATTCGTCTTCGTGAAGAAATCAATCTTCAATATC          910       920       930       940       950       960          760       770       780       790       800       810 dbpf1. AAGCTTTGCAAGAAGTTGTAAACTTTGGTGCCTTATATGGTCTTGATGTTTCACGTCCAG        | ||  |    ||||| ||    || ||||   | |||||||||||||||      || | smpf1  AGGCACTTGGCGAAGTAGTGCGGTTGGGTGATCTGTATGGTCTTGATGTTCGCAAACCTG          970       980       990      1000      1010      1020          820       830       840       850       860       870 dbpf1. CTATGAACGTAAAAGAAGCAATCCAATGGGTTAACATCGCTTATATGGCAGTATGTCGTG        ||||||| || || ||||| ||||||||| |||| ||||| | |||||| || || || | smpf1  CTATGAATGTTAAGGAAGCTATCCAATGGATTAATATCGCCTTTATGGCTGTCTGCCGCG         1030      1040      1050      1060      1070      1080          880       890       900       910       920       930 dbpf1. TCATTAATGGAGCTGCAACTTCACTTGGACGTGTTCCAATCGTTCTTGATATCTTTGCAG        | || ||||| ||||||||||| ||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||||||| smpf1  TTATCAATGGTGCTGCAACTTCTCTTGGACGTGTCCCAATCGTTCTTGATATCTTTGCAG         1090      1100      1110      1120      1130      1140          940       950       960       970       980       990 dbpf1. AACGTGACCTTGCTCGTGGAACATTTACTGAACAAGAAATTCAAGAATTTGTTGATGATT        ||||||||||||||||||| || || ||||||  |||||| |||||||| |||||||| | smpf1  AACGTGACCTTGCTCGTGGCACTTTCACTGAATCAGAAATCCAAGAATTCGTTGATGACT         1150      1160      1170      1180      1190      1200         1000      1010      1020      1030      1040      1050 dbpf1. TCGTTTTGAAGCTTCGTACAATGAAATTTGCTCGTGCAGCTGCTTATGATGAACTTTATT        ||||| |||| ||||||||  | |||||||| ||| |    |||||||| |||||||||| smpf1  TCGTTATGAAACTTCGTACGGTTAAATTTGCACGTACTAAGGCTTATGACGAACTTTATT         1210      1220      1230      1240      1250      1260         1060      1070      1080      1090      1100      1110 dbpf1. CTGGTGACCCAACATTCATCACAACATCTATGGCTGGTATGGGTAATGACGGACGTCACC        | |||||||||||||| || || || |||||||||||||||||   ||| |||||||||| smpf1  CAGGTGACCCAACATTTATTACGACTTCTATGGCTGGTATGGGAGCTGATGGACGTCACC         1270      1280      1290      1300      1310      1320         1120      1130      1140      1150      1160      1170 dbpf1. GTGTCACTAAAATGGACTACCGTTTCTTGAACACACTTGATACAATCGGAAATGCTCCAG        |||| ||||| ||||||||||||||||| || || |||||||  || || |||||||||| smpf1  GTGTTACTAAGATGGACTACCGTTTCTTAAATACGCTTGATAATATTGGCAATGCTCCAG         1330      1340      1350      1360      1370      1380         1180      1190      1200      1210      1220      1230 dbpf1. AACCAAACTTGACAGTCCTTTGGGATTCTAAACTTCCTTACTCATTCAAACGTTATTCAA        |||| ||||| || || ||||||     |||| | |||||||| |||   | |||||  | smpf1  AACCTAACTTAACCGTTCTTTGGTCAAGTAAATTGCCTTACTCTTTCCGTCATTATTGTA         1390      1400      1410      1420      1430      1440         1240      1250      1260      1270      1280      1290 dbpf1. TGTCTATGAGCCACAAGCATTCTTCTATTCAATATGAAGGTGTTGAAACAATGGCTAAAG        ||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||   ||| |||||||||| smpf1  TGTCTATGAGCCACAAGCATTCTTCAATTCAATATGAAGGTGTCACAACTATGGCTAAAG         1450      1460      1470      1480      1490      1500         1300      1310      1320      1330      1340      1350 dbpf1. ATGGATATGGCGAAATGTCATGTATCTCTTGTTGTGTCTCACCACTTGATCCAGAAAATG        | || ||||| ||||||||||||||||| || ||||| || || |||||||| ||||| | smpf1  AAGGTTATGGTGAAATGTCATGTATCTCATGCTGTGTATCTCCGCTTGATCCTGAAAACG         1510      1520      1530      1540      1550      1560         1360      1370      1380      1390      1400      1410 dbpf1. AAGAAGGACGTCATAACCTCCAATACTTTGGTGCGCGTGTAAACGTCTTGAAAGCAATGT        ||||  | || || || || |||||||||||||| ||||| |||||  | |||||| | smpf1  AAGATCGTCGCCACAATCTACAATACTTTGGTGCTCGTGTTAACGTTCTTAAAGCACTTC         1570      1580      1590      1600      1610      1620         1420      1430      1440      1450      1460      1470 dbpf1. TGACTGGTTTGAACGGTGGTTATGATGACGTTCATAAAGATTATAAAGTATTCGACATCG        | || ||| | || || ||||| || || ||||| ||||| || |||||||| ||  ||| smpf1  TTACAGGTCTTAATGGCGGTTACGACGATGTTCACAAAGACTACAAAGTATTTGATGTCG         1630      1640      1650      1660      1670      1680         1480      1490      1500      1510      1520      1530 dbpf1. AACCTGTTCGTGACGAAATTCTTGACTATGATACAGTTATGGAAAACTTTGACAAATCTC        ||||| | ||||| ||| | ||||| | ||| || ||||  |  || ||||| ||| | | smpf1  AACCTATCCGTGATGAAGTCCTTGATTTTGAAACGGTTAAAGCTAATTTTGAAAAAGCAC         1690      1700      1710      1720      1730      1740         1540      1550      1560      1570      1580      1590 dbpf1. TCGACTGGTTGACTGATACTTATGTTGATGCAATGAATATCATTCATTACATGACTGATA        | || ||||||||||||||||| || || ||||||||||||||||| || |||||||||| smpf1  TTGATTGGTTGACTGATACTTACGTGGACGCAATGAATATCATTCACTATATGACTGATA         1750      1760      1770      1780      1790      1800         1600      1610      1620      1630      1640      1650 dbpf1. AATATAACTATGAAGCAGTTCAAATGGCCTTCTTGCCTACTAAAGTTCGTGCTAACATGG        |||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||| || ||    |||   || || |||| smpf1  AATATAACTATGAAGCCGTTCAAATGGCCTTCTTACCAACACGTGTTAAAGCCAATATGG         1810      1820      1830      1840      1850      1860         1660      1670      1680      1690      1700      1710 dbpf1. GATTTGGTATCTGTGGATTCGCAAATACAGTTGATTCACTTTCAGCAATTAAATATGCTA        |||||||||| || |||||| | ||||||||||||||| | ||||| ||||||||||||| smpf1  GATTTGGTATTTGCGGATTCTCTAATACAGTTGATTCATTATCAGCTATTAAATATGCTA         1870      1880      1890      1900      1910      1920         1720      1730      1740      1750      1760      1770 dbpf1. AAGTTAAAACATTGCGTGATGAAAATGGCTATATCTACGATTACGAAGTAGAAGGTGATT          || ||| |  | ||||||||| |||| || || ||||| || |||   |  ||| | | smpf1  CTGTAAAACCTATTCGTGATGAAGATGGTTACATTTACGACTATGAAACTGTTGGTAACT         1930      1940      1950      1960      1970      1980         1780      1790      1800      1810      1820        1830 dbpf1. TCCCTCGTTATGGTGAAGATGATGATCGTGCTGATGATATTGCTAAA--CTTGTCATGAA        |||||||||| || ||||||||||| ||||  ||    || ||| ||   ||| | |||| smpf1  TCCCTCGTTACGGAGAAGATGATGACCGTGTAGACTCAATCGCTGAATGGTTG-CTTGAA         1990      2000      2010      2020      2030       2040           1840      1850      1860      1870      1880      1890 dbpf1. AATGTACCATGAAAAATTAGCTTCACACAAACTTTACAAAAATGCTGAAGCTACTGTTTC          | | ||||       | ||    || ||||| |||||| || | ||||||||||| || smpf1  GCT-TTCCATACTCGTCTTGCACGTCATAAACTGTACAAAGATTCCGAAGCTACTGTATC           2050      2060      2070      2080      2090      2100           1900      1910      1920      1930      1940      1950 dbpf1. ACTTTTGACAATTACATCTAACGTTGCTTACTCTAAACAAACTGGTAATTCTCCAGTACA        | |  | ||||| || ||||| |||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||| || smpf1  ATTGCTTACAATCACTTCTAATGTTGCTTATTCTAAACAAACTGGTAATTCTCCAGTTCA           2110      2120      2130      2140      2150      2160           1960      1970      1980      1990      2000      2010 dbpf1. TAAAGGAGTATTCCTCAATGAAGATGGTACAGTAAATAAATCTAAACTTGAATTCTTCTC         || || || | |||||||||||||||| | || ||    |||||| | ||||||||||| smpf1  CAAGGGTGTTTACCTCAATGAAGATGGTTCTGTGAACTTGTCTAAAGTAGAATTCTTCTC           2170      2180      2190      2200      2210      2220           2020      2030      2040      2050      2060      2070 dbpf1. ACCAGGTGCTAACCCATCTAATAAAGCTAAGGGTGGTTGGTTGCAAAACCTTCGCTCATT        |||||||||||||||||| |||||||||   || || |||||||||||| |   |||||| smpf1  ACCAGGTGCTAACCCATCAAATAAAGCTTCCGGCGGCTGGTTGCAAAACTTGAACTCATT           2230      2240      2250      2260      2270      2280           2080      2090      2100      2110      2120      2130 dbpf1. GGCTAAGTTGGAATTCAAAGATGCAAATGATGGTATTTCATTGACTACTCAAGTTTCACC        |   ||  | || ||     | |||||||||||||| |||||||| |||||||||||||| smpf1  GAAGAAACTTGACTTTGCTCACGCAAATGATGGTATCTCATTGACAACTCAAGTTTCACC           2290      2300      2310      2320      2330      2340           2140      2150      2160      2170      2180      2190 dbpf1. TCGTGCACTTGGTAAAACTCGTGATGAACAAGTGGATAACTTGGTTCAAATTCTTGATGG            || |||||||| ||    ||||||||||| | |||||| ||   |||||||||||| smpf1  AAAAGCTCTTGGTAAGACATTCGATGAACAAGTTGCTAACTTAGTAACAATTCTTGATGG           2350      2360      2370      2380      2390      2400           2200      2210          2220      2230      2240     2249 dbpf1. ATACTTCACACCAGGTGCT----TTGATTAATGGTACTGAATTTGCAGGTCAACACGTTA         |||||   |   || | |      | | | | | || |   | |    | || | ||| smpf1  TTACTTTGAAGGCGGCGGTCAACACGTTAACTTGAAC-GTTATGGATCTTAAAGATGTTT           2410      2420      2430      2440       2450      2460     2250      2260      2270      2280      2290      2300     2309 dbpf1. ACTTGAACGTAATGGACCTTAAAGATGTTTACGATAAAATCATGCGTGGTGAAGATGTTA        |    ||  | ||| |   | ||||||||  || |   |||      ||| |   ||||| smpf1  ATGACAAGATCATGAATGGTGAAGATGTTATCGTTCGTATC---TCAGGTTACTGTGTTA            2470      2480      2490      2500         2510     2310      2320      2330      2340      2350      2360     2369 dbpf1. TCGTTCGTATCTCTGGTTACTGTGTCAATACTAAATACCTCACACCAGAACAAAAACAAG         |  |     |  |  | |       || ||| |||   | |||| |         || | smpf1  ACACTAAATACCTTACTAAAGAACAAAAGACTGAAT---TGACACAACGTGTTTTCCATG     2520      2530      2540      2550         2560      2570     2370       2380      2390        2400      2410      2420 dbpf1. AA-TTAACTGAACGTGTCTTCCA--TGAAGTTCTTTCAAACGATGATGAAGAAGTAA--T        || ||  || || |  |  | ||  |  ||   |    ||| |  |  ||||  ||| smpf1  AAGTTCTCTCAATGGATGATGCAGCTACAGACTTGGTTAACAACAAGTAAGAGTTAAACA        2580      2590      2600      2610      2620      2630           2430      2440      2450              2460        2470 dbpf1. GCATA-CTTCAAACATCTAATTCTTAAAA--------TTTAATGAATATTCGG--TCTGT        |  ||  || ||| | || | || |||||        |||| |     |||||   |  | smpf1  GTTTAGTTTAAAAGACCTCACTCATAAAAGTGAGGTCTTTACTTTGCTTTCGGGTACGAT        2640      2650      2660      2670      2680      2690           2480      2490      2500      2510       2520      2530 dbpf1. CAGTTTTACTGACAGACTTTTTTTTACGAAAAAATTAATCATAAT-AGTTAAAAACTATT        ||     | ||| ||  |||| | | | ||||| | |  || | | ||  ||||||   | smpf1  CA-AAGCAGTGAGAGCTTTTTATATTCTAAAAACTCA--CAAATTCAGAAAAAAACAGCT         2700      2710      2720      2730        2740      2750            2540      2550      2560      2570      2580      2590 dbpf1. GTTTTTAGTTTAAGAAAGTTAAATTTTATGCTAAAATAGATGAATGAAAATGGTAATTGG         || | | ||   ||||   |  ||||| |||| ||||     ||||||||  ||||| smpf1  CTTGTGATTT---GAAA---AGCTTTTA-GCTACAATAATATTATGAAAAT--TAATTAT           2760            2770       2780      2790        2800            2600      2610      2620      2630      2640      2650 dbpf1. ATTGACAGGCGGAATTGCGATGGGAAATCAACGGTGGTTGATTTTTTGATTCTGAGGGTT smpf1  ACTCGCGACACACTGTCATCCACCTATCTTGATGCAGTAAAAATTAGACACCTTGTCTTC          2810      2820      2830      2840      2850      2860 dbpf1.: corresponding to nucleotides 1-2653 of SEQ ID NO:15; smpf1:  SEQ ID NO:17 dbpf1.seq/rev empr6:  hi32812 ID      HI32812 standard; DNA; PRO; 10817 BP. AC      U32812; L42023; NI      g1222092 DT      Aug. 9, 1995 (Rel. 44, Created) DE      Haemophilus influenzae focA, pf1A, pf1B, rspB, yaaJ, yajF, yeiG . . . SCORES              Init1: 652   Initn: 1077  Opt: 1299                     55.4% identity in 1961 bp overlap     1979      1969      1959      1949      1939      1929     1920 dbpf1. CATCTTCATTGAGGAATACTCCTTTATGTACTGGAGAATTACCAGTTTGTTTAGAGTAAG                                      | || |  ||||| ||||  |||   ||| hi3281 GTCCGAATGGTGCACCAGCACGACGACCATCAGGGGTGTTACCCGTTTTCTTACCATAAA             2730      2740      2750      2760      2770      2780     1919      1909      1899      1889      1879      1869     1860 dbpf1. CAACGTTAGATGTAATTGTCAAAAGTGAAACAGTAGCTTCAGCATTTTTGTAAAGTTTGT        | |||||||| ||||| || || |  ||    ||||   | |||||   ||||  ||| hi3281 CTACGTTAGAAGTAATGGTTAATACAGATTGTGTAGGCACTGCATTGCGGTAAGTTTTAA             2790      2800      2810      2820      2830      2840     1859      1849       1839      1829      1819      1809 dbpf1. GTGAAGCTAATTT-TTCATGGTACATTTTCATGACAAGTTTAGCAATATCATCAGCACGA        ||      | ||| |||||   ||  ||  |  |       ||| || |||||| |||| hi3281 GTTTTTGAATTTTCTTCATAAAAC-GTTCAACTAAGTCACAAGCGATGTCATCAACACGG             2850      2860       2870      2880      2890      2900      1799      1789      1779      1769      1759 dbpf1. TCATCATCTTCACCATAACGAGGGAAATCACCTTCTACTTCGTAATCG----------TA        | |||||  | ||||||  | ||  | |||||||| | |||  | |||          || hi3281 TTATCATTGTTACCATATTGTGGATATTCACCTTCGATTTCAAAGTCGATTGCTACGTTA              2910      2920      2930      2940      2950      2960     1750     1749      1739                  1729      1719 dbpf1. G--------ATATAGCCATTTTCAT------------CACGCAATGTTTTAACTTTAGCA        |        | || ||||| || ||            |||| | || ||||||||| ||| hi3281 GTTGCAACAACATTGCCATCTTTATCTTTGATGTCGCCACGAACTGGTTTAACTTTCGCA              2970      2980      2990      3000      3010      3020      1709      1699      1689      1679      1669      1659 dbpf1. TATTTAATTGCTGAAAGTGAATCAACTGTATTTGCGAATCCACAGATACCAAATCCCATG        ||||| |||||||||||||| ||| | | |   |  |  ||   ||||||| |  |||| hi3281 TATTTGATTGCTGAAAGTGAGTCAGCCGCAACAGAAAGACCTGCGATACCACAAGCCATA              3030      3040      3050      3060      3070      3080      1649      1639      1629      1619      1609      1599 dbpf1. TTAGCACGAACTTTAGTAGGCAAGAAGGCCATTTGAACTGCTTCATAGTTATATTTATCA         ||      || | |  |      || ||||||    | ||||| ||   ||||||||| hi3281 GTACGGTATACATCACGATCATGTAATGCCATTAATGCGGCTTCGTATGAATATTTATCG              3090      3100      3110      3120      3130      3140      1589      1579      1569      1559      1549      1539 dbpf1. GTCATGTAATGAATGATATTCATTGCATCAACATAAGTATCAGTCAACCAGTCGAGAGAT          ||| || || || |  || |  |||   |||||    |  | |||||| || | | | hi3281 TGCATATAGTGGATTACGTTTAAGGCAGTCACATATTGTTTTGCCAACCAATCCATAAAG              3150      3160      3170      3180      3190      3200      1529      1519      1509      1499      1489      1479 dbpf1. TTGTCAAAGTTTTCCATAACTGTATCATAGTCAAGAATTTCGTCACGAACAGGTTC-GAT         | || |       ||| ||||||||  | || |  | ||| |||  ||  ||| | | | hi3281 CTATCCATACGAGTCATTACTGTATCGAAATCTAATACTTCATCAGTAATTGGTGCAGTT              3210      3220      3230      3240      3250      3260       1469      1459      1449      1439      1429      1419 dbpf1. GTCGAATACTTTATAATCTTTATGAACGTCATCATAACCACCGTTCAAACCAGTCAACAT         ||| |     |   ||   ||      |||||   ||| ||||| |   |    |||| hi3281 TTCGGACCTACTTGCATACCTA-ATTTTTCATCGATACCGCCGTTGATTGCGTATAACAA              3270      3280      3290       3300      3310       1409      1399      1389      1379      1369      1359 dbpf1. TGCTTTCAAGACGTTTACACGCGCACCAAAGTATTGGAGGTTATGACGTCCTTCTTCATT        || ||||   | |||| |||| ||||| ||| |||| |  |  | ||  ||    |||| hi3281 TGTTTTCGCTAAGTTTGCACGTGCACCGAAGAATTGCATTTGTTTAC--CCACAATCAT-     3320      3330      3340      3350      3360        3370       1349      1339      1329      1319      1309      1299 dbpf1. TTCTGGATCAAGTGGTGAGACACAACAAGAGATACATGACATTTCGCCATATCCATCTTT                    |||||| |||||||| | |||     |    |||   |     ||| hi3281 ------------TGGTGATACACAACATGCGATTGCGTAGTCATCGTTGTTGAAGTCTGG                    3380      3390      3400      3410      3420       1289      1279      1269      1259       1249       1239 dbpf1. AGCCATTGTTTCAACACCTTCATATTGAATAGAAGA-ATGCTTGTGGCT-CATAGACATT        |  ||||   ||| |   ||| |||||||  || ||  |     | | | | |   || hi3281 ACGCATTAAATCATCGTTTTCGTATTGAACTGATGAGGTATCAATCGATACTTTTGCACA          3430      3440      3450      3460      3470      3480         1229      1219      1209      1199      1189      1179 dbpf1. GAATAACGTTTGAATGAGTAAGGAAGTTTAGAATCCCAAAGGACTGTCAAGTTTGGTTCT        ||  ||||||||||    | ||| | ||    |  |||||| |  || |||||||| ||| hi3281 GA--AACGTTTGAAGTTTTCAGGTAATTGTTCAGACCAAAGAATGGTTAAGTTTGGCTCT            3490      3500      3510      3520      3530      3540         1169      1159      1149      1139      1129      1119 dbpf1. GGAGCATTTCCGATTGTATCAAGTGTGTTCAAGAAACGGTAGTCCATTTTAGTGACACGG        |||| | | || ||  | | ||| ||||  || | |||| |     |||| || || hi3281 GGAGAAGTACCCATGTTGTAAAGGGTGTGTAAAATACGGAATGTATTTTTGGTTACTAAT            3550      3560      3570      3580      3590      3600         1109      1099      1089      1079      1069      1059 dbpf1. TGACGTCCGTCATTACCCATACCAGCCATAGATGTTGTGATGAATGTTGGGTCACCAGAA          ||| || ||   ||||||||| || || | |   ||     |  ||||||||||||| hi3281 GTACGACCATCTAAACCCATACCTGCGATGGTTTCAGTTGCCCACATTGGGTCACCAGAG            3610      3620      3630      3640      3650      3660         1049      1039      1029      1019      1009       999 dbpf1. TAAAGTTCATCATAAGCAGCTGCACGAGCAAATTTCATTGTACGAAGCTTCAAAACGAAA         | | || ||| ||  ||| || |||    ||    |   ||||||| |||| ||| || hi3281 AATAATTGATCGTATTCAGGTGTACGTAAGAAACGAACCATACGAAGTTTCATAACTAAG            3670      3680      3690      3700      3710      3720          989       979       969       959       949       939 dbpf1. TCATCAACAAATTCTTGAATTTCTTGTTCAGTAAATGTTCCACGAGCAAGGTCACGTTCT        |  ||||| ||||||||   |||   |||||||| | ||||       |  |||||||| hi3281 TGGTCAACTAATTCTTGCGCTTCAGTTTCAGTAATTTTTCCTGCTTTTAAATCACGTTCG            3730      3740      3750      3760      3770      3780          929       919       909       899       889        879 dbpf1. GCAAAGATATCAAGAACGATTGGAACACGTCCAAGTGAAGTTGCAGCTCCA-TTAATGAC            | |  |||| || | |||    ||| || | |||  ||||||| ||| ||  ||| hi3281 ATGTACACGTCAATAAAGGTTGCGGTACGACCGAATGACATTGCAGCACCATTTTGTGAT            3790      3800      3810      3820      3830      3840           869       859       849       839       829       819 dbpf1. ACGACATACTGCCATATAAGCGATGTTAACCCATTGGATTGCTTCTTTTACGTTCATAGC           |  | | || | |||||| | ||  | |||||| || |||||||   | ||  | || hi3281 TTTA-TTGCAGCAAGATAAGCAAAGTACATCCATTGAATGGCTTCTTGAGCATTAGTTGC             3850      3860      3870      3880      3890      3900           809       799       789       779       769       759 dbpf1. TGGACGTGAAACATCAAGACCATATAAGGCACCAAAGTTTACAACTTCTTGCAAAGCTTG        |||    |||| ||||  ||||||    ||  | |  | |   | ||     || ||  | hi3281 TGGGTTAGAAATATCATAACCATAGCTTGCTGCCATTTGTTTTAATTGACCTAATGCACG             3910      3920      3930      3940      3950      3960           749       739       729       719       709       699 dbpf1. GTATTGCATATTAATTTCTTCTTTAAGACGAATGTTTTCTTCGTTAATTTCAGTGATTGC        || |||       ||||||||    | ||||||  || ||||   | ||      |   | hi3281 GTGTTGTTCTGCGATTTCTTCACGTAAACGAATTGTTGCTTCAAGATTT------ACGCC             3970      3980      3990      4000      4010           689       679       669        659       649       639 dbpf1. ATCCCATTCTTTTGCTTTTTCCTTCATAAG-GTAATCAGCACCGTAAAGGGCAAGACGTG        |||   ||||    ||||||  |  | ||| | | |  ||    | |      | hi3281 ATC---TTCTAAATCTTTTT-GTAAAGAAGAGAATTGTGCGTATTTATCTTTCATTAAGA            4020      4030       4040      4050      4060      4070            629       619       609       599       589       579 dbpf1. CATAGACACCAATGATACGTCCACGAGAGTAAGCATCTGGCAAACCTGTTACAGTATGAG         ||  ||||||   |    | |||||  |||  || |    | ||       |  || || hi3281 AATCTACACCATAAAGTGCTACACGACGGTAGTCACCGATGATACGACCACGACCATAAG             4080      4090      4100      4110      4120      4130               569       559       549       539        529      520 dbpf1. CAT---GACGTGCTTTACGAATTGCTGAAGTATAAGCACGAAAGAT-TCCATCATTTACA        |||   || |  |  |    |   | ||  ||     ||| || || ||   | | || | hi3281 CATCTGGAAGACCAGTTAATACCCCAGATTTACGGCAACGTAAAATATCTGGCGTGTAAA             4140      4150      4160      4170      4180      4190          519         509             499       489       479 dbpf1. ----GAAGTCA--TTGTTTGTG------ACAAAACATCATGCAAGCCTGGGTCAACTGAG            |||  ||  ||| || ||      ||   |  |||   |||  |   |  ||| hi3281 CATCGAATACACCTTGGTTATGTGTTTTACGGTA-TTCAGTGAAGATTTTTTTCACTTTT             4200      4210      4220       4230      4240      4250        469         459       449       439       429       419 dbpf1. AGACCGTGTT--CTGTCAAAATCTTTTCAGCAACACGAAGTCCACCTCTTGGCATGAAAT         || |  |||  |   || || |||| ||  |||      ||||||  || | ||   | hi3281 GGATCAAGTTCACGACCATAAACTTTACAAGAAC----CTTCCACCATTTTG-ATACCAC              4260      4270      4280          4290       4300          409       399            389       379       369       359 dbpf1. TCAAGCGGAAAAGTTCGCTATTT-----TGCATCCCATAGATGAGTTCAAGTTCTTTATC          ||  | | ||   | |  |||     | ||||   | ||  ||  |||    ||| || hi3281 CGAATGGCATAATGGCACGTTTTAAAGGTTCATCAGTTTGA--AGACCAACGATTTTTTC         4310      4320      4330      4340        4350      4360               349       339       329       319        309 dbpf1. ATTAGCATCGATATATCCAGCAGGGATTTTATCAATAGAGGT-TACGCGGTCAGT--ATC           | | | | ||     | ||||    | |   |||  |||  | |  ||  ||  ||| hi3281 TAAATCTTTGTTAATGTAACCAGGTGCGTGAGAGATAATGGTAGATGGTGTATGTTCATC           4370      4380      4390      4400      4410      4420        299       289          279       269       259          249 dbpf1. GAAGGGAAATCCTACTT--CTTC-GTAGTGATTTTTTGTATCTTCAAT---AATTTTCTT         ||    |||    | |   | | ||  | | ||||  || |||| ||   |  || | hi3281 AAAATCTAATGGCGCGTGAGTACGGTTTTCAATTTTAATACCTTCCATCACAGATTCCCA           4430      4440      4450      4460      4470      4480              239       229       219        209       199       189 dbpf1. TACTTTAAGTGTACGTTCTGTTGGCCCAGC-AAGAAAGCTTTCATCACCATCATATGGTT         |  ||   |||   ||| ||||| || || |||||||   ||||| || ||||| || hi3281 AAGCTTGGTTGTTGCTTCGGTTGGACCTGCTAAGAAAG-AGTCATCGCCTTCATAAGGGG           4490      4500      4510      4520       4530      4540               179       169       159       149       139       129 dbpf1. TGTAGTTTTCTTGTACAAAGCGAGTAACGCTTGCTTTATCGCGCCAGTTGGTTCCTTTAA        | ||||||| ||| | ||||  |   ||  |  | || ||  |||| | |   ||   || hi3281 TATAGTTTTTTTGGATAAAGTCACGTACATTGACATTTTCTTGCCAATCGCCACCAGCAA            4550      4560      4570      4580      4590      4600               119       109        99        89        79        69 dbpf1. AACCATCCCAAGCTTGTTCAAAGATATTTTCCGTAACTTCGGTTTTCATTTTGAAATCTC        ||||| |||| ||     ||   || ||| |  |   ||  ||| | |  | |  || || hi3281 AACCAGCCCACGC-----CA---ATTTTTGCATTTCATTAAGTTCTGACATAGTCATTTC            4610              4620      4630      4640      4650                59        49        39        29        19         9 dbpf1. CTTTGTTCTTTCTGTTTCAAATTACAACTTCATTATATCATACAGTTTGAGAATAGCAAA        |||||||  || hi3281 CTTTGTTAATTAATAAATAAATCTTTAATGTGTTTTGGTTAAATAACGTTGGAATACACC          4660      4670      4680      4690      4700      4710 dbpf1:  complementary strand corresponding to nucleotides 1979-9 of SEQ ID NO:15; hi3281: SEQ ID NO:18

[0137] TABLE 3.4 Protein homology (FASTA, GCG Wisconsin Package Version 8. Genetics Computer Group) using the complete protein sequence derived from the L. lactis DB1341 pf1 sequence shown in TABLE 3.2 Only alignment of the L. lactis Pf1 protein (dbpf1.pep) with the best four scores is shown. The Pf1 protein of Streptococcus mutans was not recorded in the searched protein databases. (Peptide) FASTA of: dbpf1.pep from: 1 to: 788 Jul. 19, 1996 09:11 The best scores are: init1 initn Opt . . . sw:pf1b_ecoli P09373 escherichia coli. formate ac. 560 1498 1502 sw:pf13_ecoli P42632 escherichia coli. probable f. 558 1358 1487 sw:pf1b_haein P43753 haemophilus influenzae. form. 545 1228 1521 sw:pf1_chlre P37836 chiamydomonas reinhardtii. f. 163 259 306 sw:fasd_ecoli P46000 escherichia coli. outer memb. 53 113 75 sw:gtf2_strdo P27470 streptococcus downei (strept. 46 110 75 sw:frap_rat P42346 rattus norvegicus (rat). fkb 42 101 53 sw:frap_human P42345 homo sapiens (human). fkbp-r. 42 101 53 dbpf1.pep sw:pf1b_ecoli ID       PFLB_ECOLI          STANDARD;          PRT;          759 AA. AC       P09373; DE       FORMATE ACETYLTRANSFERASE 1 (EC 2.3.1.54) (PYRUVATE FORMATE-LYASE 1) . . . SCORES             Init1: 560     Initn: 1498    Opt: 1502                    42.2% identity in 732 aa overlap                  10        20        30        40        50        59  dbpf1.    MKTEVTENIFEQAWDGFKGTNWRDKASVTRFVQENYKPYDGDESFLAGPTERTLKV-KKI                    :: ||:||: ::|:::::|  |:|:||:||:||||||||:|| | :: :|: pf1b_e       SELNEKLATAWEGFTKGDWQNEVNVRDFIQKNYTPYEGDESFLAGATEATTTLWDKV                      10        20        30        40        50                 60         70        80        90       100       110         dbpf1.    IEDTK-NHYEEVGFPFDTDRVTSIDKIPAGYIDANDKELELIYGMQNSELFRLNFMPRGG           :|::| :: :::   |||: :::|::  ||||   :|:|| | |:|::: :: :::| || pf1b_e    MEGVKLENRTHAPVDFDTAVASTITSHDAGYI---NKQLEKIVGLQTEAPLKRALIPFGG            60        70        80           90       100       110              120        130      140       150       160       170         dbpf1.    LRVAEKILTEHGLSVDPGLHDVLSQTMTSVNDGIFRAYTSAIRKARHAHTVTGLPDAYSR           ::: |   :::: ::|| ::::::: ::: |:|:| :||::| : |:: ::|||||||:| pf1b_e    IKMIEGSCKAYNRELDPMIKKIFTEYRKTHNQGVFDVYTPDILRCRKSGVLTGLPDAYGR              120       130       140       150       160       170              180       190       200        210            220       230   dbpf1.    GRIIGVYARLALYGADYLMKEKAKEWDAI-TEIN-----EENIRLKEEINMQYQALQEVV           ||||| | |:|||| |||||:|  ::::: ::::     |::|||:|||: |::|| ::  pf1b_e    GRIIGDYRRVALYGIDYLMKDKLAQFTSLQADLENGVNLEQTIRLREEIAEQHRALGQMK              180       190       200       210       220       230                    240       250       260       270       280       290   dbpf1.    NFGALYGLDVSRPAMNVKEAIQWVNIAYMAVCRVINGAATSLGRVPIVLDIFAERDLARG           :::| || |:| || |::|||||: ::|:|: :  |||| |:||::: ||:: ||||  | pf1b_e    EMAAKYGYDISGPATNAQEAIQWTYFGYLAAVKSQNGAAMSFGRTSTFLDVYIERDLKAG              240       250       260       270       280       290                    300       310       320       330       340       350   dbpf1.    TFTEQEIQEFVDDFVLKLRTMKFARAAAYDELYSGDPTFITTSMAGMGNDGRHRVTKMDY           ::|||| ||:||::|:||| ::| |:::||||:||||:: |:|::||| |||  ||| :: pf1b_e    KITEQEAQEMVDHLVMKLRMVRFLRTPEYDELFSGDPIWATESIGGMGLDGRTLVTKNSF              300       310       320       330       340       350                    360       370       380       390       400       410   dbpf1.    RFLNTLDTIGNAPEPNLTVLWDSKLPYSFKRYSMSMSHKHSSIQYEGVETMAKDGYGEMS           |||||| |:| :||||:|:||::||| :||::: ::| : ||:|||: : |  |  ::   pf1b_e    RFLNTLYTMGPSPEPNMTILWSEKLPLNFKKFAAKVSIDTSSLQYENDDLMRPDFNNDDY              360       370       380       390       400       410                    420       430       440       450       460       470   dbpf1.    CISCCVSPLDPENEEGRHNLQYFGARVNVLKAMLTGLNGGYDDVHKDYKVFDIEPVRDEI            |:|||||:  :::     :|:||||:|: |:|| ::||| |:  |     : ||::::: pf1b_e    AIACCVSPMIVGKQ-----MQFFGARANLAKTMLYAINGGVDEKLKMQVGPKSEPIKGDV              420            430       440       450       460                         480       490       500       510       520       530   dbpf1.    LDYDTVMENFDKSLDWLTDTYVDAMNIIHYMTDKYNYEAVQMAFLPTKVRANMGFGICGF          |:||:|||::|: :|||:: |::|:|||||| |||:|||  ||:   :|  :|: || |:  pf1b_e    LNYDEVMERMDHFMDWLAKQYITALNIIHYMHDKYSYEASLMALHDRDVIRTMACGIAGL      470          480       490       500       510       520                         540       550       560       570       580       590   dbpf1.    ANTVDSLSAIKYAKVKTLRDENGYIYDYEVEGDFPRYGEDDDRADDIAKLVMKMYHEKLA           : ::||||||||||||::|||:|   |:|:||::|::|::| |:||:|  ::::: :|:: pf1b_e    SVAADSLSAIKYAKVKPIRDEDGLAIDFEIEGEYPQFGNNDPRVDDLAVDLVERFMKKIQ      530          540       550       560       570       580                         600       610       620       630       640       650   dbpf1.    SHKLYKNAEATVSLLTITSNVAYSKQTGNSPVHKGVFLNEDGTVNKSKLEFFSPGANPSN           : : |::| :| |:|||||||:|:|:|||:|         ||  :::   | : ::   : pf1b_e    KLHTYRDAIPTQSVLTITSNVVYGKKTGNTP---------DG--RRAGAPFGPGANPMHG      590          600       610       620                  630                        660       670       680       690       700       710   dbpf1.    KAKGGWLQNLRSLAKLEFKDANDGISLTTQVSPRALGKTRDEQVDNLVQILDGYFTPGAL           ::: | :::| |:||| |  |:|||| |  : |:||||: : : :||: ::|||| ::|  pfLb_e    RDQKGAVASLTSVAKLPFAYAKDGISYTFSIVPNALGKDDEVRKTNLAGLMDGYFHHEAS       640          650       660       670       680       690                        720       730       740       750       760       770   dbpf1.    INGTEFAGQHVNLNVMDLKDVYDKIMRGEDVIVRISGYCVNTKYLTPEQKQELTERVFHE           |:|::  : :|  : | |:::                                        pf1b_e    IEGGQHLNVNVMNREMLLDAMENPEKYPQLTIRVSGYAVRFNSLTKEQQQDVITRTFTQS       700          710       720       730       740       750         dbpf1:  corresponds to amino acid residues 1-772 of SEQ ID NO:16; pf1b_e: corresponds to amino acid residues of SEQ ID NO:14 dbpf1.pep sw:pf13_ecoli ID       PFL3_ECOLI          STANDARD;          PRT;          746 AA. AC       P42632; DE       PROBABLE FORMATE ACETYLTRANSFERASE 3 (EC 2.3.1.54) (PYRUVATE FORMATE- . . . SCORES             Init1: 558     Initn: 1358    Opt: 1487                    39.8% identity in 741 aa overlap                   10        20        30        40        50         dbpf1.    MKTEVTENIFEQAWDGFKGTNWRDKASVTRFVQENYKPYDGDESFLAGPTERTLKV-K           ::::::::::::|| |||||:|::: :|  |:|:||:||:|||||||::|  | :: : pf13_e  MKVDIDTSDKLYADAWLGFKGTDWKNEINVRDFIQHNYTPYEGDESFLAEATPATTELWE                 10        20        30        40        50        60          60         70        80        90       100       110       dbpf1.  KIIEDTK-NHYEEVGFPFDTDRVTSIDKIPAGYIDANDKELELIYGMQNSELFRLNFMPR         |::|::: :: :::   |||: :|:|:   ||||   :: || | |:|::: :: :: |  pfL3_e  KVMEGIRIENATHAPVDFDTNIATTITAHDAGYI---NQPLEKIVGLQTDAPLKRALHPF                 70        80        90          100       110                 120       130       140       150       160       170       dbpf1.  GGLRVAEKILTEHGLSVDPGLHDVLSQTMTSVNDGIFRAYTSAIRKARHAHTVTGLPDAY         ||::: :: : ::| ::|:::: :::: ::: |:|:| :|:::: : |:: ::|||||:| pf13_e  GGINMIKSSFHAYGREMDSEFEYLFTDLRKTHNQGVFDVYSPDMLRCRKSGVLTGLPDGY         120       130       140       150       160       170                 180       190       200             210       220       230 dbpf1.  SRGRIIGVYARLALYGADYLMKEKAKEWDAI------TEINEENIRLKEEINMQYQALQE         :|||||| | |:|||| :||::|:: :::::      :|  |::|||:||:: : :|| : pf13_e  GRGRIIGDYRRVALYGISYLVRERELQFADLQSRLEKGEDLEATIRLREELAEHRHALLQ         180       190       200       210       220       230                       240       250       260       270       280       290 dbpf1.  VVNFGALYGLDVSRPAMNVKEAIQWVNIAYMAVCRVINGAATSLGRVPIVLDIFAERDLA         : :::| ||:|:|||| |::||:||: :||:|: :  ||:| ||||::  |||: |||:  pf13_e  IQEMAAKYGFDISRPAQNAQEAVQWLYFAYLAAVKSQNGGAMSLGRTASFLDIYIERDFK         240       250       260       270       280       290                       300       310       320       330       340       350 dbpf1.  RGTFTEQEIQEFVDDFVLKLRTMKFARAAAYDELYSGDPTFITTSMAGMGNDGRHRVTKM          |:::||: ||::|:|::|:| ::| |::::|:|:||||:: |: ::||| |||  |||  pf13_e  AGVLNEQQAQELIDHFIMKIRMVRFLRTPEFDSLFSGDPIWATEVIGGMGLDGRTLVTKN         300       310       320       330       340       350                       360       370       380       390       400       410 dbpf1.  DYRFLNTLDTIGNAPEPNLTVLWDSKLPYSFKRYSMSMSHKHSSIQYEGVETMAKDGYGE         ::|:|:||:|:| |||||||:||:::|| :||:|:  :|   ||:|||: : | :|  :: pf13_e  SFRYLHTLHTMGPAPEPNLTILWSEELPIAFKKYAAQVSIVTSSLQYENDDLMRTDFNSD         360       370       380       390       400       410                       420       430       440       450       460       470 dbpf1.  MSCISCCVSPLDPENEEGRHNLQYFGARVNVLKAMLTGLNGGYDDVHKDYKVFDIEPVRD           |:|||||:  :::     :|:||||:|: |::| ::||| |:  |     :::|::| pf13_e  DYAIACCVSPMVIGKQ-----MQFFGARANLAKTLLYAINGGVDEKLKIQVGPKTAPLMD         420       430            440       450       460       470                  480       490       500       510       520       530 dbpf1.  EILDYDTVMENFDKSLDWLTDTYVDAMNIIHYMTDKYNYEAVQMAFLPTKVRANMGFGIC         ::||||:||:::|: :|||:  |::|:|||||| |||:|||  ||:   :|  :|: ||  pf13_e  DVLDYDKVMDSLDHFMDWLAVQYISALNIIHYMHDKYSYEASLMALHDRDVYRTMACGIA              480       490       500       510       520       530                  540       550       560       570       580       590 dbpf1.  GFANTVDSLSAIKYAKVKTLRDENGYIYDYEVEGDFPRYGEDDDRADDIAKLVMKMYHEK         |:: ::|||||||||:||::|||||   |:|::|::|:||::|:|:|:||  ::::: :| pf13_e  GLSVATDSLSAIKYARVKPIRDENGLAVDFEIDGEYPQYGNNDERVDSIACDLVERFMKK              540       550       560       570       580       590                  600       610       620       630       640       650 dbpf1.  LASHKLYKNAEATVSLLTITSNVAYSKQTGNSPVHKGVFLNEDGTVNKSKLEFFSPGANP         : :   |:|| :| |:|||||||:|:::|||:|         ||  :::   | : ::   pf13_e  IKALPTYRNAVPTQSILTITSNVVYGQKTGNTP---------DG--RRAGTPFAPGANPM              600       610       620                  630       640                 660       670       680       690       700       710 dbpf1.  SNKAKGGWLQNLRSLAKLEFKDANDGISLTTQVSPRALGKTRDEQVDNLVQILDGYFTPG          :::: | :::| |:||| |: |:|||| |  : | ||||:   : :||| :||||| :: pf13_e  HGRDRKGAVASLTSVAKLPFTYAKDGISYTFSIVPAALGKEDPVRKTNLVGLLDGYFHHE               650       660       670       680       690       700                 720       730       740       750       760       770 dbpf1.  ALINGTEFAGQHVNLNVMDLKDVYDKIMRGEDVIVRISGYCVNTKYLTPEQKQELTERVF         | ::|::  : :|  : | |:::                                      pf13_e  ADVEGGQHLNVNVMNREMLLDAIEHPEKYPNLTIRVSGYACASTH                              710       720       730       740                      dbplf:   corresponds to amino acid residues 1-770 of SEQ ID NO:16; pf113_e: SEQ ID NO:19 dbpl.pep sw:pf1b_haein ID       PFLB_HAEIN          STANDARD;          PRT;          769 AA. AC       P43753; DE       FORMATE ACETYLTRANSFERASE (EC 2.3.1.54) (PYRUVATE FORMATE-LYASE) . . . SCORES             Init1: 545     Initn: 1228    Opt: 1521                    42.1% identity in 781 aa overlap                 10        20        30        40        50        59 dbpf1.  MKTEVTENIFEQAWDGFKGTNWRDKASVTRFVQENYKPYDGDESFLAGPTERTLKV-KKI (SEQ ID NO:16)                     ||:|| |::|:::::|  |:|:||:||:||:|||||||| | |: ::: pf1b_h     SELNEMQKLAWAGFAGGDWQENVNVRDFIQKNYTPYEGDDSFLAGPTEATTKLWESV (SEQ ID NO:20)                    10        20        30        40        50               60         70        80        90       100       110         dbpf1.  IEDTK-NHYEEVGFPFDTDRVTSIDKIPAGYIDANDKELELIYGMQNSELFRLNFMPRGG         :|::| :: ::: : ||::  ::| : ::|||   :|:|| | |:|::| :: ::|| || pf1b_h  MEGIKIENRTHAPLDFDEHTPSTIISHAPGYI---NKDLEKIVGLQTDEPLKRAIMPFGG          60        70        80           90       100       110            120       130       140       150       160       170         dbpf1.  LRVAEKILTEHGLSVDPGLHDVLSQTMTSVNDGIFRAYTSAIRKARHAHTVTGLPDAYSR         ::::|   : :| ::|| ::::::: ::: |:|:| :||::| : |:: ::|||||||:| pf1b_h  IKMVEGSCKVYGRELDPKVKKIFTEYRKTHNQGVFDVYTPDILRCRKSGVLTGLPDAYGR            120       130       140       150       160       170            180       190       200            210        220       230   dbpf1.  GRIIGVYARLALYGADYLMKEKAKEWDAI-----TEIN-EENIRLKEEINMQYQALQEVV         ||||| | |:||||:|:|||:|  :::::     :::| |::|||:|||: |::|| ::  pf1b_h  GRIIGDYRRVALYGVDFLMKDKYAQFSSLQKDLEDGVNLEATIRLREEIAEQHRALGQLK            180       190       200       210       220       230                  240       250       260       270       280       290   dbpf1.  NFGALYGLDVSRPAMNVKEAIQWVNIAYMAVCRVINGAATSLGRVPIVLDIFAERDLARG         :::| || |:|:|| |::|||||: :||:|: :  |||| |:||::: :|:: ||||  | pf1b_h  QMAASYGYDISNPATNAQEAIQWMYFAYLAAIKSQNGAAMSFGRTATFIDVYIERDLKAG            240       250       260       270       280       290                  300       310       320       330       340       350   dbpf1.  TFTEQEIQEFVDDFVLKLRTMKFARAAAYDELYSGDPTFITTSMAGMGNDGRHRVTKMDY         ::|| | ||:||::|:||| ::| |:::||:|:|||| : |:::|||| |||  ||| :: pf1b_h  KITETEAQELVDHLVMKLRMVRFLRTPEYDQLFSGDPMWATETIAGMGLDGRTLVTKNTF            300       310       320       330       340       350                  360       370       380       390       400       410   dbpf1.  RFLNTLDTIGNAPEPNLTVLWDSKLPYSFKRYSMSMSHKHSSIQYEGVETMAKDGYGEMS         |:|:|| ::|::||||||:||:::|| :|||:: ::| : ||:|||: : |  |  ::   pf1b_h  RILHTLYNMGTSPEPNLTILWSEQLPENFKRFCAKVSIDTSSVQYENDDLMRPDFNNDDY            360       370       380       390       400       410                  420       430       440       450       460       470   dbpf1.  CISCCVSPLDPENEEGRHNLQYFGARVNVLKAMLTGLNGGYDDVHKDYKVFDIEPVRDEI          |:|||||:  :::     :|:||||:|: |::| ::||| |:        :::|: ||: pf1b_h  AIACCVSPMIVGKQ-----MQFFGARANLAKTLLYAINGGIDEKLGMQVGPKTAPITDEV            420            430       440       450       460                       480       490       500       510       520       530   dbpf1.  LDYDTVMENFDKSLDWLTDTYVDAMNIIHYMTDKYNYEAVQMAFLPTKVRANMGFGICGF         ||:||||:::|: :|||:: ||:|:|:|||| |||:|||: ||:   :|  :|: || |: pf1b_h  LDFDTVMTRMDSFMDWLAKQYVTALNVIHYMHDKYSYEAALMALHDRDVYRTMACGIAGL      470        480       490       500       510       520                       540       550                 560       570       580   dbpf1.  ANTVDSLSAIKYAKVKTLR----DENGYI------YDYEVEGDFPRYGEDDDRADDIAKL         : ::||||||||||||::|    |::| :       |:|:||::|:||::|:|:||||   pf1b_h  SVAADSLSAIKYAKVKPVRGDIKDKDGNVVATNVAIDFEIEGEYPQYGNNDNRVDDIACD      530        540       550       560       570       580                       590       600       610       620       630       640   dbpf1.  VMKMYHEKLASHKLYKNAEATVSLLTITSNVAYSKQTGNSPVHKGVFLNEDGTVNKSKLE         ::::: :|::: | |:|| :| |:|||||||:|:|:|||:|         ||  : :    pf1b_h  LVERFMKKIQKLKTYRNAVPTQSVLTITSNVVYGKKTGNTP---------DGRRAGAP--      590        600       610       620       630                                 650        660       670       680       690       700  dbpf1.  FFSPGANPSN-KAKGGWLQNLRSLAKLEFKDANDGISLTTQVSPRALGKTRDEQVDNLVQ          |:||||| : ::: | :::| |:||| |  |:|||| |  : |:||||: ::|  ||:  pf1b_h  -FGPGANPMHGRDQKGAVASLTSVAKLPFAYAKDGISYTFSIVPNALGKDAEAQRRNLAG         640       650       660       670       680       690                      710       720       730       740       750       760  dbpf1.  ILDGYFTPGALINGTEFAGQHVNLNVMDLKDVYDKIMRGEDVIVRISGYCVNTKYLTPEQ         ::|||| ::| ::|::  : :| ||   | |: ::  :  ::::|:||| |: : || || pf1b_h  LMDGYFHHEATVEGGQHLNVNV-LNREMLLDAMENPDKYPQLTIRVSGYAVRFNSLTKEQ         700       710        720       730       740       750                     770       780         dbpf1.  KQELTERVFHEVLSNDDEEVMHTSNIX         :|::::|:| | :               pf1b_h  QQDVITRTFTESM          760                        dbpf1.pep sw:pf1_chlre ID       PFL_CHLRE           STANDARD;          PRT;          195 AA. AC       P37836; DE       FORMATE ACETYLTRANSFERASE (EC 2.3.1.54) (PYRUVATE FORMATE-LYASE) . . . SCORES             Init1: 163     Initn: 259     Opt: 306                    38.0% identity in 213 aa overlap             540       550       560       570       580       590    dbpf1.  NTVDSLSAIKYAKVKTLRDENGYIYDYEVEGDFPRYGEDDDRADDIAKLVMKMYHEKLAS                                       |:||:||:||||:|:||: ::: : :|||: pf1_ch                                GSFPKYGNDDDRVDEIAEWVVSTFSSKLAK                                               10        20        30             600       610       620       630       640       650    dbpf1.  HKLYKNAEATVSLLTITSNVAYSKQTGNSPVHKGVFLNEDGTVNKSKLEFFSPGANP-SN         :: |:|: :|:|:|||||||:|:|:||::|         ||   ::| | |:|||||  : pf1_ch  QHTYRNSVPTLSVLTITSNVVYGKKTGSTP---------DG---RKKGEPFAPGANPLHG                 40        50        60                    70                      660       670       680       690        700       710  dbpf1.  KAKGGWLQNLRSLAKLEFKDANDGISLTTQVSPRALGK-TRDEQVDNLVQILDGYFTPGA         ::  | |::|:|:||| ::   |||| |  : |::||: : :|:::||: ||||||: |: pf1_ch  RDAHGALASLNSVAKLPYTMCLDGISNTFSLIPQVLGRGGEHERATNLASILDGYFANGG         80        90       100       110       120       130                       720       730       740       750       760       770  dbpf1.  LINGTEFAGQHVNLNVMDLKDVYDKIMRGEDVIVRISGYCVNTKYLTPEQKQELTERVFH            :::  :: : :::::  : |       ::::|:||| |:   ||:||: |:::|:|| pf1_ch  HHINVNVLNRSMLMDAVEHPEKY------PNLTIRVSGYAVHFARLTREQQLEVIARTFH        140       150       160             170       180       190                 780 dbpf1.  EVLSNDDEEVMHTSNIX (corresponding to amino acid residues 535-788 of SEQ ID NO:16)         ::: pf1_ch  DTM  (SEQ ID NO:21)

[0138] The highest homology value obtained when analysing the sequence from clone pfl1 corresponds to the S. mutans pfl gene (Table 3.1), i.e. about 80% at the DNA level, in the region covered by the probe used for library screening and 68.5% for the 1.1 kb pfl fragment analyzed.

[0139] Sequence comparisons indicated that the fragment included in clone pfl1 encompasses 367 amino acids of the C-terminal region of the L. lactis pfl gene. Therefore, about 1.3 kb of the 5′-end of the pfl gene was lacking.

[0140] A 0.6 kb PstI-EcoRI fragment of clone pfl1, spanning from the polylinker (PstI site) and including a fragment spanning from positions 1342-2003 in the sequence shown in Table 3.2, was randomly labelled and used for screening a λZAP genomic library of strain DB1341 (Sambrook et al., 1989) to get the upstream region of the pfl gene. High stringency hybridization (washing steps at 65° C., 2×30 min in 2×SSC, then 1×30 min in 0.1×SSC; 0.1% SDS) resulted in the isolation of twelve positive clones.

[0141] Sequence analysis of clones pfl9, pfl10, pfl19 and pfl20 showed that they included the same pfl fragment as did clone pfl1. Restriction analysis of the above clones showed that they all contained a 460 bp Sau3AI fragment identical to pfl1 (positions 1342-1798 in Table 1.2). Only clone pfl14 showed a different Sau3AI restriction pattern. This clone lacked the above Sau3AI fragment and had a 600 bp fragment that hybridized to the PstI-EcoRI pfl probe, suggesting that rearrangement of the insert occurred during in vivo excision of the plasmid. Sequence analysis of pfl14 confirmed that it included a pfl fragment that lacked the Sau3AI site at position 1 in clone pfl1, but showed sequence identity from position 30 onwards in clone pfl1 (position 1372 in Table 3.2). It is therefore likely that the presence of an intact L. lactis pfl gene is toxic in E. coli and leads to plasmid rearrangement.

[0142] 4. Inverse PCR to Obtain the Complete pfl Sequence of L. lactis DB1341

[0143] To facilitate the characterization of the 5′ region of the L. lactis pfl gene from strain DB1341 inverse PCR was used. EcoRI-digested genomic DNA of strain DB1341 was religated at low concentration (Sambrook et al., 1989) and PCR was carried out using primers pfl1-250 and pfl-390 (see FIG. 4). A 1.6 kb fragment that contained the lacking 421 codons and the upstream region of the L. lactis pfl sequence (positions 1 to 1342 in Table 3.2) was amplified. This PCR fragment was re-amplified from EcoRI-digested and religated DB 1341 DNA using modified primers pfl1-250 (including an XhoI site at the 5′-end) and pfl1-390 (including a BamHI site at the 5′-end) and the amplified product was digested with XhoI and BamHI and ligated into vector pGEM digested with the same enzymes and transformation of E. coli DH5α resulted in strain pflup-1. The L. lactis DB1341 pfl gene encodes a 787 amino acid protein (Tables 3.2, 3.4 and 3.6) with a deduced molecular weight of 89.1 kDa.

[0144] A sample of E. coli DH5α strain pflup-1 was deposited under the Budapest Treaty with the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Mascheroder Weg 1b, D-38 124 Braunschweig, Germany on 18 Jul. 1996 under the accession No. DSM 11087.

[0145] 5. Cloning of the pfl Upstream Sequence from L. lactis DB1341

[0146] Inverse PCR was carried out on HhaI-digested and religated chromosomal DNA of strain DB1341, using primers derived from the above sequence (Table 3.2). The HhaI fragment spans about 1.7 kb from position 1 to 1707 in the below sequence which overlaps the sequence shown in Table 3.2 from position 1563 to 1750. TABLE 3.5 pf1 upstream sequence from L. lactis DB1341 HhaI 1 GCGCCTAGATAAGAAACAGCAACAGCTAAAAGATAGGTATCAAAAGCACT 50 51 TGATTTAAAAATAATGACTTTATCCGATTTTTTGATTCCCAACTCAGATA 100 101 AGAGACTTGCCTTATCAACAATTGCTTGATGAGTCTTTTGGTAAGTCGTT 150 151 TCAAGAGCTAGTTCGGGGAAAGCTCCAACAGCCTCATCAAAGATAATTGG 200 201 GCTATCAGGAAACTGTTCAGCTGATTTTTTAAAGTTTAGATACAAATTTA 250 251 GGGGTTCGTGTTTGAATTTCAAAAAAAATCTCCTCAAGTTAATAAGTTTA 300 302 TTATATCACAAAGTATTCTTTAGACCAATAGTTAATGTAAATGTTTTCTT 350 351 AAGTCGTAGAGAATAAAATTCTCGGAAAAAAAGTCTAAAATCTGCTACAA 400 401 TTAAAGGGACACTAAGAGGATTCCAATCCTCTTTTATCAGGAAAAGAAGG 450 451 GATAGATAGGAAAATGATTAAAAATTATGAACTATCCAACGAAAAAAAAT 500        orfA  M  I  K  N  Y  E  L  S  N  E  K  K  L (SEQ ID NO:35) 501 TAATTTCAACCTCTGAAATGAAGAATTTCACCTATGTTCTCAATCCAACA 550   I  S  T  S  E  M  K  N  F  T  Y  V  L  N  P  T 551 CGTGAAGAAATTGGGAATATTTCTGAATACTATGACTTCCCTTTTGACTA 600 R  E  E  I  G  N  I  S  E  Y  Y  D  F  P  F  D  Y 601 TTTATCAGGAATTTTGGATGACTATGAAAATGCCCGTTTTGAAACAGATG 650  L  S  G  I  L  D  D  Y  E  N  A  R  F  E  T  D  D 651 ATAATGATAATAATCTGATTCTCTTACAATATCCTCCACTCTCTAATTAT 700   N  D  N  N  L  I  L  L  Q  Y  P  P  L  S  N  Y 701 GGAGAAGTGGCGACTTTTCCATATTCTTTGGTTTGGACTAAAAATGAATC 750 G  E  V  A  T  F  P  Y  S  L  V  W  T  K  N  E  S 751 GGTTATTTTAGCACTTAATCATGAGATTGATAATGGCTTAATTTTCGAGC 800  V  I  L  A  L  N  H  E  I  D  N  G  L  I  F  E  R 801 GTGAATATGATTATAAACGCTACAAACATCAAGTTATTTTTCAAGTGATG 850   E  Y  D  Y  K  R  Y  K  H  Q  V  I  F  Q  V  M 851 TATCAAATGACACACACTTTCCATGATTATTTGAGAGATTTCCGAACAAG 900 Y  Q  M  T  H  T  F  H  D  Y  L  R  D  F  R  T  R 901 GCGTCGCAGACTTGAACAGGGAATCAAAAATTCAACAAAGAACGACCAAA 950  R  R  R  L  E  Q  G  I  K  N  S  T  K  N  D  Q  I 951 TTGTTGATTTGATTGCCATTCAAGCAAGTTTAATTTATTTTGAAGATGCC 1000   V  D  L  I  A  I  Q  A  S  L  I  Y  F  E  D  A 1001 TTGCACAATAATATGCAAGTACTTCAGGATTTTATTGATTACTTGAGAGA 1050 L  H  N  N  M  Q  V  L  Q  D  F  I  D  Y  L  R  E 1051 AGATGATGAAGACGGTTTTGCTGAAAAGATTTATGATATTTTTGTCGAAA 1100  D  D  E  D  G  F  A  E  K  I  Y  D  I  F  V  E  T 1101 CAGACCAAGCTTATACAGAAACCAAGATTCAGCTCAAGTTACTAGAAAAT 1150   D  Q  A  Y  T  E  T  K  I  Q  L  K  L  L  E  N 1151 CTCCGAGATTTGTTCTCAAACAATGTCTCTAATAACTTGAACATTGTCAT 1200 L  R  D  L  F  S  N  N  V  S  N  N  L  N  I  V  M 1201 GAAAATCATGACATCAGCTACTTTCGTTCTAGGGATTCCTGCAGTAATTG 1250  K  I  M  T  S  A  T  F  V  L  G  I  P  A  V  I  V 1251 TTGGTTTTTACGGAATGAATGTTCCAATTCCTGGTCAAAATTTTAATTGG 1300   G  F  Y  G  M  N  V  P  I  P  G  Q  N  F  N  W 1301 ATGGTTTGGCTTATTTTAGTTCTAGGAATTTTATTATGTGTTTGGGTCAC 1350 M  V  W  L  I  L  V  L  G  I  L  L  C  V  W  V  T 1351 TTGGTGGTTACATAAAAAAGATATGTTATAAAATGGAGAAAAATCTCCAT 1400  W  W  L  H  K  K  D  M  L  Stop 1401 TTTTTTGCTCTTTGTGAAAAAATTAATTAGTGATTGCAGATTATGAAGTT 1450 1451 AGCAATGTTTGTTAAAACTATTTTGTGAATTATTTATGAAAACGTTTTAA 1500 1501 AAAAGTATAACAGATATTAAAATAATTGGAACTGTATTAGTAAAGAATCT 1550             EcoRI 1551 GTAATTTCTCTTGAATTCTGTTTGCTATTCTCAAACTGTATGATATAATG 1600 1601 AAGTTGTAATTTGAAACAGAAAGAACAAAGGAGATTTCAAAATGAAAACC 1650                                    pf1  M  K  T 1651 GAAGTTACGGAAAATATCTTTGAACAAGCTTGGGATGGTTTTAAAGGAAC 1700 E  V  T  E  N  I  F  E  Q  A  W  D  G  F  K  G  T       HhaI 1701 CAACTGGCGCGATAAAGCAAGCGTTACTCGCTTTGTACAAGAAAACTACA 1750  N  W  R  D  K  A  S  V  T  R  F  V  Q  E  N  Y  K Nucleotides 1-1750: SEQ ID NO:34

[0147] The sequence included an open reading frame, designated orfA encoding a putative 37 kDa protein with no relevant homology to any sequence in available databases.

EXAMPLE 4 Characterization of L. lactis orfA Encoding a Putative Transporter Protein

[0148] In gram-negative bacteria, the pfl gene is located downstream of an open reading frame transcribed with focA that codes for a putative membrane-bound formate transporter (Suppmann and Sawers 1994). This genetic organization is conserved in E. coli and H. influenzae but has shown great variation in streptococci (Arnau et al. 1997). In L. lactis, the orfA gene is located immediately upstream of pfl. An open reading frame is also found upstream of the pfl gene in Streptococcus mutans that showed no homology to the L. lactis orfA.

[0149] In E. coli, growth under anaerobiosis results in the synthesis of large amounts of PFL protein, about 3% of the total protein content (Suppmann and Sawers 1994). Consequently, high amounts of formate are formed intracellularly. At physiological intracellular pH in E. coli formate (low pKa, 3.75) is not dissociated and therefore is not membrane-permeable. Thus, there is a requirement for a specific transporter to remove the excess formate in the cells.

[0150] In the following the novel orfA gene of L. lactis and its gene product is characterized.

[0151] 1. The orfA Gene Structure, Protein Homology and Structure

[0152] Sequence analysis of orfA (see Table 3.5. above) showed a “weak” RBS (AGG) and a consensus −10 promoter region upstream of the ATG start codon. No −35 consensus region was identified, suggesting a low expression level for this gene. The deduced protein encoded by orfA, consisting of 306 amino acids and a size of 37 kDa, showed homology (38% identity at the C-terminus) to a 37 kDa putative lactococcal protein (Donkersloot and Thompson 1995) and to a less extent to numerous membrane-bound transporter proteins. A prediction of the structure of OrfA suggested the presence of a large intracellularly located N-terminal region followed by two transmembrane domains, Leu²⁴² to Phe²⁶⁵ and Asn²⁷⁶ to Val²⁹⁴ (FIG. 6). These features are consistent with a possible role of the protein in transport across the cell membrane, although neither sequence homology nor structural similarities with the E. coli FocA protein could be identified. A molecular prediction of the FocA protein showed the presence of six transmembrane domains, but among the related proteins a certain variation in the number of these domains is found. In fact, one of these proteins, the E. coli NirC has four and not six of these domains in its primary sequence (Suppmann and Sawers 1994).

[0153] 2. Expression of orfA

[0154] RNA was isolated from aerobic and anaerobic cultures of L. lactis MG1363 grown in fermenters at 30° C. Using an orfA specific probe (FIG. 7A), Northern blot hybridization was carried out. As shown (FIG. 7B), a low level of expression was observed under the conditions used, which is in agreement with the sequence analysis (lack of −35 region, short RBS) of the upstream region of orfA and with the level of expression expected for a gene coding a membrane associated protein.

[0155] No anaerobic induction was observed in GM17 or GalM17 during exponential growth. In GM17 a lower expression of orfA was detected as compared to GalM17 and virtually no expression of the gene was observed during stationary phase.

[0156] 3. Construction and Analysis of orfA Mutant Strains in L. lactis MG1363

[0157] In order to determine whether orfA is the focA analogue in L. lactis, two mutant strains of MG1363 were constructed. A null mutation was carried out by gene disruption using an internal fragment of the orfA gene (including codons 30-168, FIG. 7A), cloned into the integrative vector pSMA500 and transformed into MG1363. One transformant (MG1363ΔorfA) that formed light blue colonies on X-gal was selected. An orfA multicopy strain was constructed by cloning of the entire coding sequence and promoter region of this gene in pAK80 and transforming into MG1363. As above, a transformant giving blue colonies in X-gal was selected (MG1363 pAK80::orfA).

[0158] In E. coli, a focA null mutant strain was capable of growing at higher sodium hypophosphite concentrations than was the wild type strain. This compound is a formate analogue that is toxic. Thus, transport of hypophosphite into the cytosol via the FocA channel protein is deleterious for the cells (Suppmann and Sawers 1994). If the OrfA protein has a similar function in L. lactis as does FocA in E. coli, then a null mutant should show an increased resistance to hypophosphite and a strain containing multiple copies of the gene should be more sensitive to this compound than the wild type. As shown in FIG. 8, strain MG1363 showed reduced growth when the medium was supplemented with 500 mM of hypophosphite and it did not grow at 600 mM.

[0159] MG1363ΔorfA grew at 600 mM and was unable to grow at higher concentrations. The orfA multicopy strain, MG1363 pAK80::orfA was completely unable to grow at 500 mM hypophosphite. Thus, these results confirmed that OrfA may represent a formate transporter protein in L. lactis.

[0160] The mutant strains constructed included a translational fusion of the orfA gene to the lacLM reporter gene (Madsen et al. 1996). The effect of the addition of formate to the medium on the expression of orfA was studied. To exclude a possible toxic effect of the addition of formate to the medium, a dosis curve was studied. Growth inhibition of the wild type strain was observed at formate concentrations exceeding 10 mM. Exponentially growing cultures (OD₆₀₀ about 1) were used to measure β-galactosidase after the addition of 10 mM of formate to the growth medium. As shown in the below Table 3.6 similar levels of β-galactosidase were observed in MG1363ΔorfA independently of the addition of formate or the growth conditions. TABLE 4.1 Analysis of orfA expression in mutant strains of L. lactis strains.^(a)) Aerobic Anaerobic STRAIN +Formate −Formate +Formate −Formate MG1363ΔorfA  9.1 ± 0.3  8.2 ± 0.7  7.5 ± 0.7  6.2 ± 0.1 MG1363pAK80::orfA 14.6 ± 0.2 16.7 ± 0.7 13.2 ± 0.1 13.2 ± 1.3

[0161] Higher levels were observed in all cases with the multicopy strain MG1363 pAK80::orfA. These levels, about 2-fold higher, did not correlate with the number of copies (5-10 per cell) expected in this strain. A degree of regulation of expression may exist for orfA in L. lactis to ensure an appropriate level of the OrfA protein.

EXAMPLE 5 Isolating and Characterizing the pfl Gene from L. lactis Subspecies lactis MG1363

[0162] 1. Cloning of a Fragment of the pfl Gene

[0163] A pfl fragment was amplified with the above modified primers pfl1-20 and pfl1-1066 from chromosomal DNA of strain MG1363 (see FIG. 4). This fragment was digested and cloned into the vector pGEM digested with XhoI and BamHI, respectively and transformed into E. coli strain DH5α (Stratagene), resulting in strain MGpfl-1. The fragment was sequenced using the relevant primers derived from the sequence of the DB1341 pfl fragment (see FIG. 4).

[0164] The sequence of the MG1363 pfl fragment showed 48 differences (42 base changes and a 6 bp deletion) in the 1 kb region characterized when compared to the corresponding sequence of the DB1341 pfl (below Table 5.1). The deduced Pfl protein fragment encoded by the characterized pfl sequences of strains MG1363 and DB1341 showed high homology. Only four sequence differences are found in a 336 amino acid stretch (below Table 5.1): two amino acid substitutions (Pro⁴⁴⁷ to Thr⁴⁷³ and Asn⁴⁸⁶ to Asp⁴⁸⁶ in Table 5.1) and two adjacent deletions (Asp⁴⁵⁴-Asp⁴⁵⁵) encoded by the DB1341 pfl gene. The latter two residues are also present in the protein encoded by the S. mutans pfl gene.

[0165] A sample of E. coli DH5α strain MGpfl-1 was deposited under the Budapest Treaty with the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Mascheroder Weg 1b, D-38 124 Braunschweig, Germany on 18 Jul. 1996 under the accession Nos DSM 11088. TABLE 5.1 Homology between the DNA sequences of a fragment of the pf1 gene fragment isolated from L. lactis strains DB1341 (db1341pf1) and a fragment of the pf1 gene of MG1363 (mg1363-pf1) The comparison starts at the position of the Sau3AI site in the L. lactis DB 1341 pf1 gene (position 1342 in TABLE 3.2). 1                                                   50 mg1363pf1 .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... (SEQ ID NO:22) db1341pf1 GATCCAGAAA ATGAAGAAGG ACGTCATAAC CTCCAATACT TTGGTGCGCG consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 51                                                 100 mg1363pf1 .......... .......... TGTTACCTGG TTTGAACGGT GGTTAC.... db1341pf1 TGTAAACGTC TTGAAAGCAA TGTTGACTGG TTTGAACGGT GGTTATGATG consensus .......... .......... TGTT..CTGG TTTGAACGGT GGTTA..... 101                                                150 mg1363pf1 ..GTTCATAA AGATTATAAA GTATTCGATA TTGAACCTGT TCGTGATGAA db1341pf1 ACGTTCATAA AGATTATAAA GTATTCGACA TCGAACCTGT TCGTGACGAA consensus ..GTTCATAA AGATTATAAA GTATTCGA.A T.GAACCTGT TCGTGA.GAA 151                                                200 mg1363pf1 ATTCTTGACT ATGATACAGT TATGGAAAAC TTCGACAAAT CACTCAACTG db1341pf1 ATTCTTGACT ATGATACAGT TATGGAAAAC TTTGACAAAT CTCTCGACTG consensus ATTCTTGACT ATGATACAGT TATGGAAAAC TT.GACAAAT C.CTC.ACTG 201                                                250 mg1363pf1 GTTGACAGAT ACTTATGTTG ATGCAATGAA TATCATTCAC TACATGACTG db1341pf1 GTTGACTGAT ACTTATGTTG ATGCAATGAA TATCATTCAT TACATGACTG consensus GTTGAC.GAT ACTTATGTTG ATGCAATGAA TATCATTCA. TACATGACTG 251                                                300 mg1363pf1 ACAAATATAA CTATGAAGCA GTTCAAATGG CCTTCTTGCC TACTAAAGTT db1341pf1 ATAAATATAA CTATGAAGCA GTTCAAATGG CCTTCTTGCC TACTAAAGTT consensus A.AAATATAA CTATGAAGCA GTTCAAATGG CCTTCTTGCC TACTAAAGTT 301                                                350 mg1363pfL CGTGCTAACA TGGGATTTGG TATCTGTGGT TTCGCAAATA CAGTTGATTC db1341pf1 CGTGCTAACA TGGGATTTGG TATCTGTGGA TTCGCAAATA CAGTTGATTC consensus CGTGCTAACA TGGGATTTGG TATCTGTGG. TTCGCAAATA CAGTTGATTC 351                                                400 mg1363pf1 ACTTTCAGCG ATTAAATATG CTAAAGTTAA AACTTTGCGT GATGAAAATG db1341pf1 ACTTTCAGCA ATTAAATATG CTAAAGTTAA AACATTGCGT GATGAAAATG consensus ACTTTCAGC. ATTAAATATG CTAAAGTTAA AAC.TTGCGT GATGAAAATG 401                                                450 mg1363pf1 GCTACATCTA CGATTATGAA GTAGAAGGTG ACTTCCCACG TTATGGTGAA db1341pf1 GCTATATCTA CGATTACGAA GTAGAAGGTG ATTTCCCTCG TTATGGTGAA consensus GCTA.ATCTA CGATTA.GAA GTAGAAGGTG A.TTCCC.CG TTATGGTGAA 451                                                500 mg1363pf1 GATGATGACC GTGCTGATGA TATCGCTAAA CTTGTCATGA AAATGTACCA db1341pf1 GATGATGATC GTGCTGATGA TATTGCTAAA CTTGTCATGA AAATGTACCA consensus GATGATGA.C GTGCTGATGA TAT.GCTAAA CTTGTCATGA AAATGTACCA 501                                                550 mg1363pf1 TGAAAAATTA GCTTCACACA AACTTTACAA AAATGCTGAA GCTACTGTTT db1341pf1 TGAAAAATTA GCTTCACACA AACTTTACAA AAATGCTGAA GCTACTGTTT consensus TGAAAAATTA GCTTCACACA AACTTTACAA AAATGCTGAA GCTACTGTTT 551                                                600 mg1363pf1 CACTTTTGAC AATCACATCT AACGTTGCTT ACTCTAAACA AACTGGTAAC db1341pf1 CACTTTTGAC AATTACATCT AACGTTGCTT ACTCTAAACA AACTGGTAAT consensus CACTTTTGAC AAT.ACATCT AACGTTGCTT ACTCTAAACA AACTGGTAA. 601                                                650 mg1363pf1 TCTCCAGTTC ATAAAGGAGT ATTCCTCAAT GAAGATGGTA CAGTCAACAA db1341pf1 TCTCCAGTAC ATAAAGGAGT ATTCCTCAAT GAAGATGGTA CAGTAAATAA consensus TCTCCAGT.C ATAAAGGAGT ATTCCTCAAT GAAGATGGTA CAGT.AA.AA 651                                                700 mg1363pf1 ATCTAAACTT GAATTCTTCT CACCAGGTGC TAACCCATCT AACAAAGCTA db1341pf1 ATCTAAACTT GAATTCTTCT CACCAGGTGC TAACCCATCT AATAAAGCTA consensus ATCTAAACTT GAATTCTTCT CACCAGGTGC TAACCCATCT AA.AAAGCTA 701                                                750 mg1363pf1 AAGGTGGATG GTTGCAAAAT CTTCGTTCAT TAGCTAAATT GGAATTCAAA db1341pf1 AGGGTGGTTG GTTGCAAAAC CTTCGCTCAT TGGCTAAGTT GGAATTCAAA consensus A.GGTGG.TG GTTGCAAAA. CTTCG.TCAT T.GCTAA.TT GGAATTCAAA 751                                                800 mg1363pf1 GATGCAAATG ACGGTATTTC ATTAACTACT CAAGTTTCTC CTCGTGCACT db1341pf1 GATGCAAATG ATGGTATTTC ATTGACTACT CAAGTTTCAC CTCGTGCACT consensus GATGCAAATG A.GGTATTTC ATT.ACTACT CAAGTTTC.C CTCGTGCACT 801                                                850 mg1363pf1 TGGTAAAACT CGTGATGAAC AAGTAGATAA CTTGGTTCAA ATTCTTGATG db1341pf1 TGGTAAAACT CGTGATGAAC AAGTGGATAA CTTGGTTCAA ATTCTTGATG consensus TGGTAAAACT CGTGATGAAC AAGT.GATAA CTTGGTTCAA ATTCTTGATG 851                                                900 mg1363pf1 GATACTTCAC ACCAGGAGCT TTGATTAATG GTACTGAATT TGCAGGTCAA db1341pf1 GATACTTCAC ACCAGGTGCT TTGATTAATG GTACTGAATT TGCAGGTCAA consensus GATACTTCAC ACCAGG.GCT TTGATTAATG GTACTGAATT TGCAGGTCAA 901                                                950 mg1363pf1 CACGTTAACT TGAACGTTAT GGACCTTAAA GATGTTTACG ATAAAATCAT db1341pf1 CACGTTAACT TGAACGTAAT GGACCTTAAA GATGTTTACG ATAAAATCAT consensus CACGTTAACT TGAACGT.AT GGACCTTAAA GATGTTTACG ATAAAATCAT 951                                               1000 mg1363pf1 GCGTGGTGAA GATGTTATCG TTCGTATCTC TGGATACTGT GTTAACACTA db1341pf1 GCGTGGTGAA GATGTTATCG TTCGTATCTC TGGTTACTGT GTCAATACTA consensus GCGTGGTGAA GATGTTATCG TTCGTATCTC TGG.TACTGT GT.AA.ACTA 1001                                              1050 mg1363pf1 AATACCTCAC ACCTGAACAA AAACAAGAAT TGACTGAACG TGTCTTCCAT db1341pf1 AATACcTCAC ACCAGAACAA AAACAAGAAT TAACTGAACG TGTCTTCCAT consensus AATACCTCAC ACC.GAACAA AAACAAGAAT T.ACTGAACG TGTCTTCCAT 1051                                              1100 mg1363pf1 GAAGTACTTT CAAACGATGA TGAAGAAGTA AT db1341pf1 GAAGTTCTTT CAAACGATGA TGAAGAAGTA ATGCATACTT CAAACATCTA consensus GAAGT.CTTT CAAACGATGA TGAAGAAGTA AT........ .......... 1101                                              1150 db1341pf1 ATTCTTAAAA TTTAATGAAT ATTCGGTCTG TCAGTTTTAC TGACAGACTT consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 1151                                              1200 db1341pf1 TTTTTTACGA AAAAATTAAT CATAATAGTT AAAAACTATT GTTTTTAGTT consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 1201                                              1250 db1341pf1 TAAGAAAGTT AAATTTTATG CTAAAATAGA TGAATGAAAA TGGTAATTGG consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 1251                                              1300 db1341pf1 ATTGACAGGC GGAATTGCGA KTGGGAAATC AACGGTGGTT GATTTTTTGA consensus .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... db1341pf1: corresponding to nucleotides 1342-2641 of SEQ ID NO:15

[0166] TABLE 5.2 Multialignment of the putative Pf1 protein from L. lactis strains MG1363 (partial sequence; 1) and DB134l (2) with the deduced amino acid sequences of known cloned bacterial pf1 genes The L. lactis Pf1 proteins were aligned with the following known Pf1 proteins: deduced proteins of S. mutans pf1 (3); E. coli pf13 and pf1b genes (Accession Nos. P42632 and P09373; 4 and 5); H. influenzae Pf1 (6); C. pasteurianum Pf1 (7). Consensus (con) shows conserved positions (bold) among all of the protein sequences. The four amino acid differences between the MG1363 and DB1341 Pf1 are shown in underlined, bold at the top (1)                                                                 60 2   MKTEVTENI FEQAWDGFKG TNWRDKASVT RFVQENYKPY DGDESFLAGP TERTLKVKKI (SEQ ID NO:16) 3  MATVKTNTDV FEKAWEGFKG TDWKDRASIS RFVQDNYTPY DGGESFLAGP TERSLHIKKV (SEQ ID NO:24) 4 MKVDIDTSDKL YADAWLGFKG TDWKNEINVR DFIQHNYTPY EGDESFLAEA TPATTELWEK (SEQ ID NO:19) 5      SELNEK LATAWEGFTK GDWQNEVNVR DFIQKNYTPY EGDESFLAGA TEATTTLWDK (SEQ ID NO:14) 6      SELNEM QKLAWAGFAG GDWQENVNVR DFIQKNYTPY EGDDSFLAGP TEATTKLWES (SEQ ID NO:20) 7             LFKQWEGFQD GEWTNDVNVR DFIQKNYKEY TGDKSFLKGP TEKTKKVWDK (SEQ ID NO:25) con               W GF     W         F Q NY  Y  G  SFL    T                                                               120 2 IEDTKNHYEE VGFPFDTD-- RVTSIDKIPA GYIDANDKEL ELIYGMQNSE LFRLNFMPRG 3 VEETKAHYEE TRFPMDT--- RITSIADIPA GYID---KEN ELIFGIQNDE LFKLNFMPKG 4 VMEGIRIENA THAPVDFDTN IATTITAHDA GYIN---QPL EKIVGLQTDA PLKRALHPFG 5 VMEGVKLENR THAPVDFDTA VASTITSHDA GYIN---KQL EKIVGLQTEA PLKRALIPFG 6 VMEGIKIENR THAPLDFDEH TPSTIISHAP GYIN---KDL EKIVGLQTDE PLKRAIMPFG 7 AVS-LILEEL KKGILDVDTE TISGINSFKP GYLD---KDN EVIVGFQTDA PLKRITNPFG con                 D         I      GY         E I G Q           P G                                                               180 2 GLRVAEKILT EHGLSVDPGL HDVLSQTMTS VNDGIFRAYT SAIRKARHAH TVTGLPDAYS 3 GIRMAETALK EHGYEPDPAV HEIFTKYATT VNDGIFRAYT SNIRRARHAH TVTGLPDAYS 4 GINMIKSSFH AYGREMDSEF EYLFTDLRKT HNQGVFDVYS PDMLRCRKSG VLTGLPDGYG 5 GIKMIEGSCK AYNRELDPMI KKIFTEYRKT HNQGVFDVYT PDILRCRKSG VLTGLPDAYG 6 GIKMVEGSCK VYGRELDPKV KKIFTEYRKT HNQGVFDVYT PDILRCRKSG VLTGLPDAYG 7 GIRMAEQSLK EYGFKISDEM HNIFTNYRKT HNQGVFDAYS EETRIARSAG VLTGLPDAYG con G                                   G F   Y        R      TGLPD Y                                                               240 2 RGRIIGVYAR LALYGADYLM KEKAKEWDAI ------TEIN EENIRLKEEI NMQYQALQEV 3 RGRIIGVYAR LALYGADYLM QEKVNDWNSI ------AEID EESIRLREEI NLQYQALGEV 4 RGRIIGDYRR VALYGISYLV RERELQFADL QSRLEKGEDL EATIRLREEL AEHRHALLQI 5 RGRIIGDYRR VALYGIDYLM KDKLAQFTSL QADLENGVNL EQTIRLREEI AEQHRALGQM 6 RGRIIGDYRR VALYGVDFLM KDKYAQFSSL QKDLEDGVNL EATIRLREEI AEQHRALGQL 7 RGRIIGDYRR VALYGIDFLI QEKKKDLSNL -----KGDML DELIRLREEV SEQIRALDEI con RGRIIG Y R  ALYG   L                           IRLREE       AL                                                               300 2 VNFGALYGLD VSRPAMNVKE AIQWVNIAYM AVCRVINGAA TSLGRVPIVL DIFAERDLAR 3 VRLGDLYGLD VRKPAMNVKE AIQWINIAFM AVCRVINGAA TSLGRVPIVL DIFAERDLAR 4 QEMAAKYGFD ISRPAQNAQE AVQWLYFAYL AAVKSQNGGA MSLGRTASFL DIYIERDFKA 5 KEMAAKYGYD ISGPATNAQE AIQWTYFGYL AAVKSQNGAA MSFGRTSTFL DVYIERDLKA 6 KQMAASYGYD ISNPATNAQE AIQWMYFAYL AAIKSQNGAA MSFGRTATFI DVYIERDLKA 7 KKMALSYGVD ISRPAVNAKE AAQFLYFGYL AGVKENNGAA MSLGRTSTFL DIYIERDLEQ con       YG D    PA N   E A Q        A     NG A  S GR      D   ERD                                                               360 2 GTFTEQEIQE FVDDFVLKLR TMKFARAAAY DELYSGDPTF ITTSMAGMGN DGRHRVTKMD 3 GTFTESEIQE FVDDFVMKLR TVKFARTKAY DELYSGDPTF ITTSMAGMGA DGRHRVTKMD 4 GVLNEQQAQE LIDHFIMKIR MVRFLRTPEF DSLFSGDPIW ATEVIGGMGL DGRTLVTKNS 5 GKITEQEAQE MVDHLVMKLR MVRFLRTPEY DELFSGDPIW ATESIGGMGL DGRTLVTKNS 6 GKITETEAQE LVDHLVMKLR MVRFLRTPEY DQLFSGDPMW ATETIAGMGL DGRTLVTKNT 7 GLITEDEAQE VIDQFIIKLR LVRHLRTPEY NELFAGDPTW VTESIAGVGI DGRSLVTKNS con G       QE   D    K R      R       L  GDP    T    G G  DGR  VTK                                                               420 2 YRFLNTLDTI GNAPEPNLTV LWDSKLPYSF KRYSMSMSHK HSSIQYEGVE TMAKDGYGEM 3 YRFLNTLDNI GNAPEPNLTV LWSSKLPYSF RHYCMSMSHK HSSIQYEGVT TMAKEGYGEM 4 FRYLHTLHTM GPAPEPNLTI LWSEELPIAF KKYAAQVSIV TSSLQYENDD LMRTDFNSDD 5 FRFLNTLYTM GPSPEPNMTI LWSEKLPLNF KKFAAKVSID TSSLQYENDD LMRPDFNNDD 6 FRILHTLYNM GTSPEPNLTI LWSEQLPENF KRFCAKVSID TSSVQYENDD LMRPDFNNDD 7 FRYLHTLINL GSAPEPNMTV LWSENLPESF KKFCAEMSIL TDSIQYENDD IMRPI-YGDD con    L TL    G  PEPN T  LW   LP  F        S    S  QYE     M                                                               480 1                                      L P GLNG GY--VHKDYK VFDIEPVRDE (SEQ ID NO:23) 2 SCISCCVSPL DPENEEGRHN LQYFGARVNV LKAMLTGLNG GYDDVHKDYK VFDIEPVRDE 3 SCISCCVSPL DPENEDRRHN LQYFGARVNV LKALLTGLNG GYDDVHKDYK VFDVEPIRDE 4 YAIACCVSPM VIG-----KQ MQFFGARANL AKTLLYAING GVDEKLKIQV GPKTAPLMDD 5 YAIACCVSPM IVG-----KQ MQFFGARANL AKTMLYAING GVDEKLKMQV GPKSEPIKGD 6 YAIACCVSPM IVG-----KQ MQFFGARANL AKTLLYAING GIDEKLGMQV GPKTAPITDE 7 YAIACCVSAM RVG-----KD MQFFGARCNL AKCLLLAING GVDEKKGIKV VPDIEPITDE con   I CCVS               Q FGAR N   K  L   NG G               P                                                               540 1 ILDYDTVMEN FDKSL N WLTD TYVDAMNIIH YMTDKYNYEA VQMAFLPTKV RANMGFGICG 2 ILDYDTVMEN FDKSLDWLTD TYVDAMNIIH YMTDKYNYEA VQMAFLPTKV RANMGFGICG 3 VLDFETVKAN FEKALDWLTD TYVDAMNIIH YMTDKYNYEA VQMAFLPTRV KANMGFGICG 4 VLDYDKVMDS LDHFMDWLAV QYISALNIIH YMHDKYSYEA SLMALHDRDV YRTMACGIAG 5 VLNYDEVMER MDHFMDWLAK QYITALNIIH YMHDKYSYEA SLMALHDRDV IRTMACGIAG 6 VLDFDTVMTR MDSFMDWLAK QYVTALNVIH YMHDKYSYEA ALMALHDRDV YRTMACGIAG 7 VLDYEKVKEN YFKVLEYMAG LYVNTNNIIH FMHDKYAYEA SQMALHDTKV GRLMAFGIAG con  L    V                Y    N IH YM DKY YEA   MA     V    M  GI G                                                               600 1 FANTVDSLSA IKYAKVKTLR DEN------- ---GYIYDYE VEGDFPRYGE DDDRADDIAK 2 FANTVDSLSA IKYAKVKTLR DEN------- ---GYIYDYE VEGDFPRYGE DDDRADDIAK 3 FSNTVDSLSA IKYATVKPIR DED------- ---GYIYDYE TVGNFPRYGE DDDRVDSIAE 4 LSVATDSLSA IKYARVKPIR DEN------- ---GLAVDFE IDGEYPQYGN NDERVDSIAC 5 LSVAADSLSA IKYAKVKPIR DED------- ---GLAIDFE IEGEYPQFGN NDPRVDDLAV 6 LSVAADSLSA IKYAKVKPVR GDIKDKDGNV VATNVAIDFE IEGEYPQYGN NDNRVDDIAC 7 FSVAADSLSA IRYAKVKPIR -EN------- ---GITVDFV KEGDFPKYGN DDDRVDSIAV con      DSLSA IKYA VK  R                   D     G  P  G   D R D  A                                                               660 1 LVMKMYHEKL ASHKLYKNAE ATVSLLTITS NVAYSKQTGN SPVHKGVFLN EDGTVNKSKL 2 LVMKMYHEKL ASHKLYKNAE ATVSLLTITS NVAYSKQTGN SPVHKGVFLN EDGTVNKSKL 3 WLLEAFHTRL ARHKLYKDSE ATVSLLTITS NVAYSKQTGN SPVHKGVYLN EDGSVNLSKV 4 DLVERFMKKI KALPTYRNAV PTQSILTITS NVVYGQKTGN TPD------- -----GRRAG 5 DLVERFMKKI QKLHTYRDAI PTQSVLTITS NVVYGKKTGN TPD------- -----GRRAG 6 DLVERFMKKI QKLKTYRNAV PTQSVLTITS NVVYGKKTGN TPD------- -----GRRAG 7 EIVEKFSDEL KKHPTYRNAK HTLSVLTITS NVMYGKKTGT TPD------- -----GRKVG con                 Y      T S LTITS NV Y   TGN  P                                                               720 1 EFFSPGANPS NKA-KGGWLQ NLRSLAKLEF KDANDGISLT TQVSPRALGK TRDEQVDNLV 2 EFFSPGANPS NKA-KGGWLQ NLRSLAKLEF KDANDGISLT TQVSPRALGK TRDEQVDNLV 3 EFFSPGANPS NKA-SGGWLQ NLNSLKKLDF AHANDGISLT TQVSPKALGK TFDEQVANLV 4 TPFAPGANPM HGRDRKGAVA SLTSVAKLPF TYAKDGISYT FSIVPAALGK EDPVRKTNLV 5 APFGPGANPM HGRDQKGAVA SLTSVAKLPF AYAKDGISYT FSIVPNALGK DDEVRKTNLA 6 APFGPGANPM HGRDQKGAVA SLTSVAKLPF AYAKDGISYT FSIVPNALGK DAEAQRRNLA 7 EPLAPGANPM HGRDMEGALA SLNSVAKVPY VCCEDGVSNT FSIVPDALGN DHDVRINNLV con     PGANP        G     L S  K        DG S T     P ALG         NL                                                               780 1 QILDGYFTPG ALINGTEFAG QHVNLNVMDL KDVYDKIMRG EDV---IVRI SGYCVNTKYL 2 QILDGYFTPG ALINGTEFAG QHVNLNVMDL KDVYDKIMRG EDV---IVRI SGYCVNTKYL 3 TILDGYF--- ------EGGG QHVNLNVMDL KDVYDKIMNG EDV---IVRI SGYCVNTKYL 4 GLLDGYFHHE ADV----EGG QHLNVNVMNR EMLLDAIEHP EKYPNLTIRV SGYACASTH 5 GLMDGYFHHE ASI----EGG QHLNVNVMNR EMLLDAMENP EKYPQLTIRV SGYAVRFNSL 6 GLMDGYFHEE ATV----EGG QHLNVNVLNR EMLLDAMENP DKYPQLTIRV SGYAVRFNSL 7 SIMGGYF--- ------GQGA HHLNVNVLNR ETLIDAMNNP DKYPTLTIRV SGYAVNFNRL con     GYF                H N NV        D              R  SGY 1 TPEQKQELTE RVFHEVLSND DEEV 2 TPEQKQELTE RVFHEVLSND DEEVMHTSNI Z 3 TKEQKTELTQ RVFHEVLSMD DAATDLVNNK Z 4 5 TKEQQQDVIT RTFTQSM 6 TKEQQQDVIT RTFTESM 7 SKDHQKEVIS RTFHEKL con

[0167] 2. Cloning and Sequencing of the Entire pfl Gene of L. lactis Strain MG1363

[0168] The entire pfl gene sequence was obtained from L. lactis subsp. cremoris strain MG1363 using PCR. Like the pfl coding sequence of L. lactis strain DB1341 the coding sequence of MG1363 comprises 2363 bp and encodes a 787 amino acid PFL protein having a predicted molecular weight of 89.1 kDa. TABLE 5.3 The complete sequence of the pf1 locus of L. lactis strain MG1363 1 TTGGGCTATAAGGAAATTGTTCTGCTGATTTTTTAAAGTTTAGATATAGG 50 Nucleotides 1-4191: 51 TTTAGGGGTTCATGTTTGAATTTCAAAAAAAGTCTCCTCAAGTTAATAAG 100 SEQ ID NOS:36/38) 101 TTTATTATATCACAAAGTATTATTTAGACCAACTTCCTTCAAAAAACTTT 150 151 TCGTTAAGGCTTTGAAATAAAATAATGAGAAAAAAATAGGAAAATCTGCT 200 201 ACAATTAGAAGGAGAAGAAGAGGATTTAAATCCTTTTTTATTAGGAAAAG 250 251 AAGGGATAGATAGGCTGATATGATAAAAAATTATGAACTATCCAATGAAA 300             orfA   M  I  K  N  Y  E  L  S  N  E  K (SEQ ID NO:37)       Sau3AI 301 AAAAATTGATCTCAACTTCTGAGATGAAGAATTTCACTTATGTCCTCAAT 350   K  L  I  S  T  S  E  M  K  N  F  T  Y  V  L  N 351 CCAACACGTGAAGAAATTGGGAATATCTCAGAACACTATGATTTTCCTTT 400 P  T  R  E  E  I  G  N  I  S  E  H  Y  D  F  P  F 401 TGACTATCTATCTGGAATTTTAGATGACTATGAAAATGCCCGTTTTGAAA 450  D  Y  L  S  G  I  L  D  D  Y  E  N  A  R  F  E  T 451 CAGATGATAATGACAATAATCTGATTCTTTTGCAATATCCCGCCTTGTCC 500   D  D  N  D  N  N  L  I  L  L  Q  Y  P  A  L  S 501 AACTATGGAGAAGTGGCCACTTTTCCATATTCTTTGGTTTGGACTAAGAA 550 N  Y  G  E  V  A  T  F  P  Y  S  L  V  W  T  K  N 551 TGAATCGGTTATTTTGGCCCTTAACCATGAAATTGATAATGGTCTCATTT 600  E  S  V  I  L  A  L  N  H  E  I  D  N  G  L  I  F 601 TTGAACGAGAATATGATTATAAACGCTATAAACACCAATTGATTTTTCAA 650   E  R  E  Y  D  Y  K  R  Y  K  H  Q  L  I  F  Q 651 GTGATGTCACCAAATGACTCATACTTTTCATGATTATTTGAGAGACTTTAG 700 V  M  Y  Q  M   T  H  T  F  H  D  Y  L  R  D  F  R 701 AACAAGGCGCCGCCGGCTTGAAGTTGGTATCAAAAATTCAACAAAAAATG 750 T  R  R  R  L  E  V  G  I  K  N  S  T  K  N  D 751 ACCAAATTGTTGACTTAATTGCCATTCAAGCGAGTTTGATTTATTTTGAA 800   Q  I  V  D  L  I  A  I  Q  A  S  L  I  Y  F  E 801 GATGCGCTGCACAATAATATGCAAGTTCTCCAGAATTTTATTGATTACTT 850 D  A  L  H  N  N  M  Q  V  L  Q  N  F  I  D  Y  L 851 ACGAGAAGATGATGAAGATGGTTTTGCCGAAAAAATCTATGATATTTTTG 900  R  E  D  D  E  D  G  F  A  E  K  I  Y  D  I  F  V 901 TCGAAACAGACCAAGCTTATACAGAAACCAAGATTCAGCTCAAGTTACTA 950   E  T  D  Q  A  Y  T  E  T  K  I  Q  L  K  L  L 951 GAAAATCTCCGAGATTTGTTCTCAAACATTGTCTCTAATAATTTGAATAT 1000 E  N  L  R  D  L  F  S  N  I  V  S  N  N  L  N  I 1001 CGTCATGAAAATTATGACCTCAGCAACATTTGTTCTAGGTATTCCGGCGG 1050  V  M  K  I  M  T  S  A  T  F  V  L  G  I  P  A  V 1051 TTATTGTCGGCTTTTATGGAATGAATGTTCCGATTCCTGGTCAAAATTTT 1100   I  V  G  F  Y  G  M  N  V  P  I  P  G  Q  N  F 1101 AATTGGATGGTCTGGCTCATTTTGGTGTTTGGAATTTTATTATGTGTTTG 1150 N  W  M  V  W  L  I  L  V  F  G  I  L  L  C  V  W 1151 GGTTACTTGGTGGCTACACAAAAAAGATATGTTATGAATGGAGAAAATTT 1200  V  T  W  W  L  H  K  K  D  M  L  Stop 1201 CTCCGTTTTTTTATCTTTGTGAAAAAATTAATTAGTGATAATAAATCATG 1250 1251 AAGTTAGCAATGTTTGTCAAAGCTATTTAGTGAATTAATTATGAAAACGT 1300 1301 TTTAAAAAAGTATAACAGATATTAAAATAATTGAAACTGTATTAGTAAAG 1350                  EcoRI 1351 AATCTGTAATTTCTCTTGAATTCTGTTTGCTATTATCAAACTGTATGATA 1400 1401 TAATGAAGTTGTAATTTGAAACAGAAAGAACAAAGGAGATTTCAAAATGA 1450                                          pf1  M  K (SEQ ID NO:39) 1451 AAACCGAAGTTACGGAAAATATCTTTGAACAAGCTTGGGATGGTTTTAAA 1500   T  E  V  T  E  N  I  F  E  Q  A  W  D  G  F  K 1501 GGAACTAACTGGCGCGATAAAGCAAGCGTTACTCGCTTTGTACAAGAAAA 1550 G  T  N  W  R  D  K  A  S  V  T  R  F  V  Q  E  N 1551 CTACAAACCATATGATGGTGATGAAAGCTTTCTTGCTGGGCCAACAGAAC 1600  Y  K  P  Y  D  G  D  E  S  F  L  A  G  P  T  E  R 1601 GTACACTTAAAGTAAAGAAAATTATTGAAGATACAAAAAATCACTACGAA 1650   T  L  K  V  K  K  I  I  E  D  T  K  N  H  Y  E 1651 GAAGTAGGATTTCCCTTTGATACTGACCGCGTAACCTCTATCGATAAAAT 1700 E  V  G  F  P  F  D  T  D  R  V  T  S  I  D  K  I 1701 TCCTGCTGGATATATTGATGCTAATGATAAAGAACTTGAACTCATCTATG 1750  P  A  G  Y  I  D  A  N  D  K  E  L  E  L  I  Y  G 1751 GGATGCAAAATAGCGAACTTTTCCGCTTAAACTTCATGCCAAGAGGTGGT 1800   M  Q  N  S  E  L  F  R  L  N  F  M  P  R  G  G 1801 CTTCGTGTTGCTGAAAAGATTTTGACAGAACACGGTCTTTCAGTTGACCC 1850 L  R  V  A  E  K  I  L  T  E  H  G  L  S  V  D  P 1851 AGGTTTGCATGATGTTTTGTCACAAACAATGACTTCTGTAAATGATGGAA 1900  G  L  H  D  V  L  S  Q  T  M  T  S  V  N  D  G  I 1901 TCTTCCGTGCTTATACTTCAGCAATTCGTAAAGCACGTCACGCTCACACT 1950   F  R  A  Y  T  S  A  I  R  K  A  R  H  A  H  T 1951 GTAACAGGTTTGCCTGATGCATACTCTCGTGGACGTATCATCGGGGTATA 2000 V  T  G  L  P  D  A  Y  S  R  G  R  I  I  G  V  Y 2001 TGCACGTCTTGCTCTTTATGGAGCTGACTACCTTATGAAGGAAAAAGCAA 2050  A  R  L  A  L  Y  G  A  D  Y  L  M  K  E  K  A  K 2051 AAGAATGGGATGCAATCACTGAAATTAATGATGATAACATTCGTCTTAAA 2100   E  W  D  A  I  T  E  I  N  D  D  N  I  R  L  K 2101 GAAGAAATTAACATGCAATACCAAGCTTTGCAAGAAGTTGTAAACTTTGG 2150 E  E  I  N  M  Q  Y  Q  A  L  Q  E  V  V  N  F  G 2151 TGCTTTGTATGGTCTTGACGTTTCTCGTCCAGCGATGAACGTAAAAGAAG 2200  A  L  Y  G  L  D  V  S  R  P  A  M  N  V  K  E  A 2201 CAATCCAATGGGTTAATATTGCATACATGGCAGTTTGTCGTGTTATCAAT 2250   I  Q  W  V  N  I  A  Y  M  A  V  C  R  V  I  N 2251 GGTGCTGCAACTTCACTTGGACGTGTGCCAATCGTTCTTGACATCTTTGC 2300 G  A  A  T  S  L  G  R  V  P  I  V  L  D  I  F  A 2301 AGAACGTGACCTTGCTCGTGGAACATTTACTGAGCAAGAAATCCAAGAAT 2350  E  R  D  L  A  R  G  T  F  T  E  Q  E  I  Q  E  F 2351 TTGTTGATGATTTCATTTTAAAACTTCGTACAATGAAATTTGCTCGTGCT 2400   V  D  D  F  I  L  K  L  R  T  M  K  F  A  R  A 2401 GCTGCTTATGATGAACTTTATTCTGGTGACCCCACGTTCATCACAACATC 2450 A  A  Y  D  E  L  Y  S  G  D  P  T  F  I  T  T  S 2451 TATGGCTGGTATGGGTAATGACGGACGCCACCGTGTCACTAAAATGGACT 2500  M  A  G  M  G  N  D  G  R  H  R  V  T  K  M  D  Y 2501 ATCGTTTCTTGAACACACTTGATACAATCGGAAATGCTCCAGAACCAAAC 2550   R  F  L  N  T  L  D  T  I  G  N  A  P  E  P  N 2551 TTGACAGTTCTTTGGGACTCTAAACTCCCATATTCATTCAAACGTTATTC 2600 L  T  V  L  W  D  S  K  L  P  Y  S  F  K  R  Y  S 2601 AATGTCTATGAGTCACAAACACTCATCTATCCAATATGAAGGTGTTGAAA 2650  M  S  M  S  H  K  H  S  S  I  Q  Y  E  G  V  E  T 2651 CAATGGCTAAAGATGGATATGGCGAAATGTCATGTATCTCTTGTTGTGTC 2700   M  A  K  D  G  Y  G  E  M  S  C  I  S  C  C  V 2701 TCACCACTTGACCCAGAAAATGAAGAAGGACGTCATAATCTCCAATTACTT 2750 S  P  L  D  P  E  N  E  E  G  R  H  N  L  Q  Y  F 2751 TGGTGCGCGTGTAAACGTCTTGAAAGCAATGTTGACTGGTTTGAACGGTG 2800  G  A  R  V  N  V  L  K  A  M  L  T  G  L  N  G  G 2801 GTTACGATGACGTTCATAAAGATTATAAAGTATTCGATATTGAACCTGTT 2850   Y  D  D  V  H  K  D  Y  K  V  F  D  I  E  P  V 2851 CGTGATGAAATTCTTGACTATGATACAGTTATGGAAAACTTCGACAAATC 2900 R  D  E  I  L  D  Y  D  T  V  M  E  N  F  D  K  S 2901 ACTCAACTGGTTGACAGATACTTATGTTGATGCAATGAATATCATTCACT 2950  L  N  W  L  T  D  T  Y  V  D  A  M  N  I  I  H  Y 2951 ACATGACTGACAAATATAACTATGAAGCAGTTCAAAGTGGCCTTCTTGCCT 3000   M  T  D  K  Y  N  Y  E  A  V  Q  M  A  F  L  P 3001 ACTAAAGTTCGTGCTAACATGGGATTTGGTATCTGTGGTTTCGCAAATAC 3050 T  K  V  R  A  N  M  G  F  G  I  C  G  F  A  N  T 3051 AGTTGATTCACTTTCAGCGATTAAATATGCTAAAGTTAAAACTTTGCGTG 3100  V  D  S  L  S  A  I  K  Y  A  K  V  K  T  L  R  D 3101 ATGAAAATGGCTACATCTACGATTATGAAGTAGAAGGTGACTTCCCACGT 3150   E  N  G  Y  I  Y  D  Y  E  V  E  G  D  F  P  R 3151 TATGGTGAAGATGATGACCGTGCTGATGATATCGCTAAACTTGTCATGAA 3200 Y  G  E  D  D  D  R  A  D  D  I  A  K  L  V  M  K 3201 AATGTACCATGAAAAATTAGCTTCACACAAACTTTACAAAAATGCTGAAG 3250  M  Y  H  E  K  L  A  S  H  K  L  Y  K  N  A  E  A 3251 CTACTGTTTCACTTTTGACAATCACATCTAACGTTGCTTACTCTAAACAA 3300   T  V  S  L  L  T  I  T  S  N  V  A  Y  S  K  Q 3301 ACTGGTAACTCTCCAGTTCATAAAGGAGTATTCCTCAATGAAGATGGTAC 3350 T  G  N  S  P  V  H  K  G  V  F  L  N  E  D  G  T                    EcoRI 3351 AGTCAACAAATCTAAACTTGAATTCTTCTCACCAGGTGCTAACCCATCTA 3400  V  N  K  S  K  L  E  F  F  S  P  G  A  N  P  S  N 3401 ACAAAGCTAAAGGTGGATGGTTGCAAAATCTTCGTTCATTAGCTAAATTG 3450   K  A  K  G  G  W  L  Q  N  L  R  S  L  A  K  L EcoRI 3451 GAATTCAAAGATGCAAATGACGGTATTTCATTAACTACTCAAGTTTCTCC 3500 E  F  K  D  A  N  D  G  I  S  L  T  T  Q  V  S  P 3501 TCGTGCACTTGGTAAAACTCGTGATGAACAAGTAGATAACTTGGTTCAAA 3550  R  A  L  G  K  T  R  D  E  Q  V  D  N  L  V  Q  I 3551 TTCTTGATGGATACTTCACACCAGGAGCTTTGATTAATGGTACTGAATTT 3600   L  D  G  Y  F  T  P  G  A  L  I  N  G  T  E  F 3601 GCAGGTCAACACGTTAACTTGAACGTTATGGACCTTAAAGATGTTTACGA 3650 A  G  Q  H  V  N  L  N  V  M  D  L  K  D  V  Y  D 3651 TAAAATCATGCGTGGTGAAGATGTTATCGTTCGTATCTCTGGATACTGTG 3700  K  I  M  R  G  E  D  V  I  V  R  I  S  G  Y  C  V 3701 TTAACACTAAATACCTCACACCTGAACAAAAACAAGAATTGACTGAACGT 3750   N  T  K  Y  L  T  P  E  Q  K  Q  E  L  T  E  R 3751 GTCTTCCATGAAGTACTTTCAAATGATGATGAAGAAGTAATGCACACTTC 3800 V  F  H  E  V  L  S  N  D  D  E  E  V  M  H  T  S 3801 AAATATCTAATTCTTAGTATTAAAAAATATAAGGTCTGTCAGTTCTACTG 3850  N  I  Stop 3851 ACAGACTTTTTTTCTATAAATTAATTATAATAGTTAAAAACTATTATTTT 3900 3901 TAGTTTAAGAAAAATAAAATTTGTGCTAAAATAGATGAATGATAAAGGTA 3950 3951 ATTGGATTAACAGGCGGAATTGCGAGTGGGAAATCAACGGTGGTTGATTT 4000 4001 TTTGATTTCTGAAGGTTATCAAGTAATTGATGCTGACAAAGTTGTTCGTC 4050 4051 AGTTGCAAGAACCTGATGGGAAACTTTTTAATGCAATAATGGAAACTTTC 4100 4101 GGTTCAGATTTTACTGACGAAAATGGGAAATTAAACCGATGCAAAATTGA 4150 4151 GTGCTTAAGTTTTGCTGACCCAAATCAACGTCAAAAATTAT  4191

[0169] Homology searches using the above deduced PFL protein revealed a 790 overall protein sequence identity with the S. mutans PFL and higher than 40% with the E. coli, C. pasteurianum and H. influenzae PFL.

[0170] In the promoter region of the MG1363 pfl gene canonical lactococcal ribosome binding site (AAAGGAG, position +21 to +27). −35 and −10 promoter regions (TTGCTA and TATAAT, respectively were found. A putative rho-dependent transcription terminator was located 24 bp downstream of the pfl stop codon (position 2432 to 2445). Additionally, two sequences (FNR-1 and FNR-2 with significant homology to E. coli FNR-boxes having consensus sequence TTGAT-N₄-ATCAA (SEQ ID NO:40) and being involved in regulation of the expression of pfl in E. coli were identified. The MG1363 FNR-1 (GGAGT-N₄ATCAA) (SEQ ID NO:41) was also present in strain DB1341. FNR-2 (TTTGC-N₄-ATCAA) (SEQ ID NO:42); position −36 to −23 overlaps with the −35 hexamer of the promoter region of the pfl gene.

[0171] The coding sequence of the MG1363 pfl gene showed 102 basepair changes when compared to the corresponding sequence of strain DB1341, but these changes resulted only in four amino acid changes in the PFL primary structure. The lactococcal PFL includes the conserved Gly residue at position 749, flanked by Ser and Tyr residues, which is involved in activation and deactivation of the enzyme in E. coli via free radical formation. This region is present in all PFL proteins characterized to date. The L. lactis sequence ISCCVSP is highly conserved and includes two adjacent Cys residues.

EXAMPLE 6 Construction of pfl Mutant Strains of L. lactis Strains DB1341 and MG1363 by Gene Inactivation and Physiological Characterization of pfl⁻ Strains

[0172] A 460 bp Sau3AI internal fragment (positions 1343 to 1799 in Table 3.2) of the L. lactis DB1341 pfl gene was cloned into BamHI-digested pSMA500 (Madsen et al., 1996), resulting in plasmid pSMAKAS7, and transformed into E. coli MC1000 by electroporation (Sambrook et al., 1989). A transformant (SMAKAS7) containing the recombinant plasmid was isolated. The orientation of the pfl fragment in pSMAKAS7 was confirmed by sequencing. Homologous recombination of pSMAKAS7 into the L. lactis pfl gene allows translational fusion of the reporter lacLM gene (Madsen et al., 1996).

[0173] Plasmid pSMAKAS7 was used to transform L. lactis strains DB1341 and MG1363 by electroporation (Holo and Nes 1989). Two single transformants were isolated (DBKAS7 and MGKAS7, respectively). DBKAS7 became blue on X-gal plates, as expected if homologous integration at the chromosomal pfl locus had occurred, and was further characterized. Integration of pSMAKAS7 by homologous recombination into the DB1341 chromosome would result in a truncated pfl gene, where the N-terminal region of the protein (residues Met¹-Asp⁵⁷⁴) would be separated from the C-terminal domain (residues Asp⁴²²-Ile⁷⁷⁸). PCR analysis was used to confirm that DBKAS7 carries a disrupted pfl gene. The activation site of the E. coli Pfl, a glycine residue at position Gly⁷³⁴ flanked by serine and tyrosine is conserved in all bacterial Pfl proteins characterized (Weidner and Sawers, 1996; Yamamoto et al., 1996), including the L. lactis Pfl (position 2321-2329 of the nucleotide sequence in Table 3.2; Table 3.6). The truncated Pfl protein in strain DBKAS7 would lack an activation site.

[0174] A sample of Lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis biovar diacetylactis strain DBKAS7 and of Lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis strains MGKAS7, respectively were deposited under the Budapest Treaty with the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Mascheroder Weg 1b, D-38 124 Braunschweig, Germany on 18 Jul. 1996 under the accession Nos DSM 11086 and DSM 11083, respectively.

[0175] A 495 bp PCR fragment was amplified from MG1363 using primers pfl1-P1MG1363 (5′-GGCCGCTCGA GTTGTGTCTC ACCACTTGAC CC-3′ (SEQ ID NO:43); XhoI site underlined) and pflP2MG1363 (5′-TAGTAGGATC CCATCATCTT CACCATAACG TGG-3′ (SEQ ID NO:44); BamHI site underlined) and cloned into XhoI+BamHI digested pSMA500 and transformed into strain MG1363, resulting in strain MGKAS13.

[0176] MGKAS13 was deposited under the Budapest Treaty with the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Mascheroder Weg 1b, D-38 124 Braunschweig, Germany on 10 Jul. 1997 under the accession No. DSM 11653.

[0177] DBKAS7 and MGKAS13 formed blue colonies on X-gal-containing plates. Plasmid integration through homologous recombination was confirmed via PCR in both strains.

[0178] Physiological Analysis of the L. lactis pfl⁻ Strain

[0179] A colorimetric assay (Voges-Proskauer, VP; Westerfeld 1945) was used to study acetoin and diacetyl production in strain DBKAS7. The presence of acetoin and diacetyl in the samples results in the formation of red colour which is monitored by measuring OD₅₂₀. Overnight cultures of strain DBKAS7 (pfl⁻) and wild type strain DB1341, grown at 30° C. without aeration in GM17 were used. The VP assay was performed by mixing 200 μl bacterial culture, 100 μl 0.3% (w/v) creatine, 100 μl 5 M NaOH, and 50 μl 5% α-naphthol (dissolved in 2.5 M NaOH immediately before use). The mixture was incubated for 10 min at room temperature, with constant stirring to provide aeration. The reaction was stopped by adding 1 ml 4 mM DTT. After centrifugation to remove cellular debris, OD₅₂₀ was measured. As shown in Table 6.1. DBKAS7 had approximately a 2-fold increase in the production of acetoin/diacetyl as compared to strain DB1341. TABLE 6.1 Voges-Proskauer assay for aroma compounds produced by DB1341 and DBKAS7, respectively Strain OD₆₀₀ OD₅₂₀ DB1341 2.40 0.082 DBKAS7 2.22 0.155

[0180] Thus, gene inactivation of the pfl gene in the L. lactis strain DB1341 results in an enhanced production of aroma compounds, without affecting the ability to grow.

[0181] Similar levels of formate were obtained in strain DB1341 as in MG1363, and no formate was detected in DBKAS7 under anaerobic conditions, confirming the pfl mutant phenotype in this strain.

[0182]L. lactis biovar diacetylactis strains are used as starter cultures due to their ability to produce diacetyl during milk fermentation. A mutation in the pfl gene of DB1341 should result in increased pyruvate levels under anaerobic growth. Thus, if excess pyruvate is directed towards the production of diacetyl and acetoin, a higher level of these metabolites would be expected in strain DBKAS7 grown under anaerobiosis. As shown in Table 6.2. a 7-fold increase in the production of aroma compounds was observed in strain DBKAS7 grown in GM17 and a more than 4-fold increase was detected in GalM17 as compared to the wild type strain, DB1341. This demonstrated the effect of a pfl mutation in the production of diacetyl and acetoin in a L. lactis biovar diacetylactis strain. TABLE 6.2 Production of aroma compounds in the L. lactis biovar diacetylactis pfl⁻ strain, DBKAS7 as compared to the wild type strain Voges-Proskauer assay (diacetyl + acetoin in mM^(a)) Strain Glucose Galactose DB1341 0.2 ≦0.05 DBKAS7 1.5 0.2

[0183] Inactivation of the pfl gene leads to a transcriptional fusion of the lacLM reporter gene (Madsen et al. 1996) β-galactosidase levels were measured in overnight cultures of strain MGKAS13 grown in M17 with either glucose (GM17) or galactose (GalM17) (Table 6.2). Using GM17, anaerobic growth was observed, about a 10-fold increase of β-galactosidase units, which is consistent with the induction observed at RNA level. High levels of β-galactosidase were observed under anaerobic growth when growing in the presence of galactose, and a 4-fold induction was observed under anaerobiosis in this medium which is in agreement with the RNA studies. TABLE 6.3 Characterization of the L. lactis Mg1363 pfl⁻ strain. MGKAS13 Aerobic Anaerobic Growth Formate β-gal Formate β-gal Strain medium (mM) (units) (mM) (units) MG1363 GM17 0 — 5.3 — GalM17 0 — 42 — MGKAS13 GM17 0  9.5 0 150.0 GalM17 0 94.6 0 600.0

EXAMPLE 7 Identification of pfl and adhE Homologues in Non-Lactococcus lactic Acid Bacteria Using Lactococcus lactis pfl and adhE Gene Fragments as Probes

[0184] 1. Southern Hybridization of Genomic DNA from Non-Lactococcus Lactic Acid Bacteria Using a L. lactis pfl Gene Fragment as a Probe

[0185] A PCR fragment including most of the L. lactis pfl coding sequence was obtained by amplification of MG1363 genomic DNA with primers pfl89 and pfl1066 (see FIG. 4). A 2 kb DNA fragment (FIG. 9) was obtained and used as a probe in Southern hybridization experiments using EcoRI-digested total DNA from Streptococcus thermophilus ATCC 19258, Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides ATCC 10878 and Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4796 (FIG. 10).

[0186] Hybridization was carried out overnight at 65° C. Filters were washed twice in 5×SSC at room temperature for 30 minutes and subsequently once in 3×SSC; 0.1% SDS at 65° C. for 30 minutes. As shown in FIG. 10C the expected EcoRI genomic fragment deduced from L. lactis pfl sequence was detected after overnight exposure. After short exposure of the filters (FIG. 10B) only hybridization was detected in S. thermophilus and only weak signals were detected in L. mesenteroides and L. acidophilus after longer exposure (FIG. 10C), indicating lower pfl sequence homology in these bacteria, as would be expected due to their taxonomic distance to L. lactis.

[0187] 2. Southern Hybridisation of Genomic DNA from Non-Lactococcus Lactic Acid Bacteria Using L. lactis adhE Gene Fragment as a Probe

[0188] Two Sau3AI fragments including most of the L. lactis subsp. lactis biovar diacetylactis DB 1341 adhE coding sequence (FIG. 11) were used as a probe in Southern hybridization experiments using EcoRI-digested total DNA from Streptococcus thermophilus ATCC 19258, Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides ATCC 10878 and Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4796.

[0189] Hybridization was carried out overnight at 65° C. Filters were washed twice in 5×SSC at room temperature for 30 minutes and subsequently once in 3×SSC; 0.1% SDS at 65° C. for 30 minutes. As shown in FIG. 12, the expected EcoRI genomic fragment (about 5 kb) deduced from the L. lactis MG1363 adhE sequence was detected. Strongly hybridizing bands were also detected in S. thermophilus (5 kb) and L. mesenteroides (5 and 0.4 kb). Weaker hybridizing bands were also detected in L. acidophilus (4.2 and 2 kb, and two minor bands, 2.3 and 5 kb).

[0190] 3. Conclusions

[0191] Using the above L. lactis DNA probes, preliminary restriction maps of the pfl and adhE genes, respectively in the three non-Lactococcus lactic acid bacterial species could be carried out using different restriction digests of the genomic DNA. Two strategies for the cloning of these non-Lactococcus genes can be followed: (i) cloning of DNA fragments isolated from agarose gels corresponding in size to the hybridizing bands detected in Southern analysis; (ii) PCR of conserved regions using primers derived from the corresponding L. lactis sequence.

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[0211] 20. Sawers, G., A. F. Wagner and A. B{umlaut over (ock)}. 1989. Transcription initiation at multiple promoters of the pfl gene by Eσ70-dependent transcription in vitro and heterologous expression in Pseudomonas putida in vivo. J. Bacteriol. 171: 4930-4937.

[0212] 21. Sawers, G. and A. Böck. 1988. Anaerobic regulation of pyruvate formate-lyase from Escherichia coli K-12. J. Bacteriol. 170:5330-5336.

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1 44 1 2088 DNA Lactococcus lactis CDS (279)..(2069) 1 gatctgtcct tagtacgaga ggaccgggat ggacttaccg ctggtgtacc agttgttccg 60 ccagagcacg gctggatagc tatgtaggga agggataagc gctgaaagca tctaagtgcg 120 aagccacctc aagatgagat tacccattcg agaattaaga gcccagagag atgatcaaga 180 tgtcaataat ttgcaaaaaa tcttctttca gcaaaacggg atttgagttt ttgctcgatt 240 tgtgggaatt taacagaaag tgatctgttg aaatcgca agc cct ctc ggt gta ctt 296 Ser Pro Leu Gly Val Leu 1 5 gct ggt atc gtt cca acg act aat cca aca tca aca gca atc ttt aaa 344 Ala Gly Ile Val Pro Thr Thr Asn Pro Thr Ser Thr Ala Ile Phe Lys 10 15 20 tct tta ttg act gca aaa aca cgt aat gct att gtt ttc gct ttc cac 392 Ser Leu Leu Thr Ala Lys Thr Arg Asn Ala Ile Val Phe Ala Phe His 25 30 35 cct caa gct caa aaa tgt tca agc cat gca gca aaa att gtt tac gat 440 Pro Gln Ala Gln Lys Cys Ser Ser His Ala Ala Lys Ile Val Tyr Asp 40 45 50 gct gca att gaa gct ggt gca ccg gaa gac ttt att caa tgg att gaa 488 Ala Ala Ile Glu Ala Gly Ala Pro Glu Asp Phe Ile Gln Trp Ile Glu 55 60 65 70 gta cca agc ctt gac atg act acc gcc ttg att caa aac cgt gga ctt 536 Val Pro Ser Leu Asp Met Thr Thr Ala Leu Ile Gln Asn Arg Gly Leu 75 80 85 gca aca atc ctt gca act ggt ggc cca gga atg gta aac gcc gca ctc 584 Ala Thr Ile Leu Ala Thr Gly Gly Pro Gly Met Val Asn Ala Ala Leu 90 95 100 aaa tct ggt aac cct tca ctc ggt gtt gga gct ggt aat ggt gct gtt 632 Lys Ser Gly Asn Pro Ser Leu Gly Val Gly Ala Gly Asn Gly Ala Val 105 110 115 tat gtt gat gca act gca aat att gaa cgt gcc gtt gaa gac ctt ttg 680 Tyr Val Asp Ala Thr Ala Asn Ile Glu Arg Ala Val Glu Asp Leu Leu 120 125 130 ctt tca aaa cgt ttt gat aat ggg atg att tgt gcc act gaa aat tca 728 Leu Ser Lys Arg Phe Asp Asn Gly Met Ile Cys Ala Thr Glu Asn Ser 135 140 145 150 gct gtt att gat gct tca gtt tat gat gaa ttt att gct aaa atg caa 776 Ala Val Ile Asp Ala Ser Val Tyr Asp Glu Phe Ile Ala Lys Met Gln 155 160 165 gaa caa ggc gct tat atg gtt cct aaa aaa gac tac aaa gct att gaa 824 Glu Gln Gly Ala Tyr Met Val Pro Lys Lys Asp Tyr Lys Ala Ile Glu 170 175 180 agt ttc gtt ttt gtt gaa cgt gct ggt gaa ggt ttt gga gta act ggt 872 Ser Phe Val Phe Val Glu Arg Ala Gly Glu Gly Phe Gly Val Thr Gly 185 190 195 cct gtt gcc ggt cgt tct ggt caa tgg att gct gaa caa gct ggt gtc 920 Pro Val Ala Gly Arg Ser Gly Gln Trp Ile Ala Glu Gln Ala Gly Val 200 205 210 aaa gtt cct aaa gat aaa gat gtc ctt ctt ttt gaa ctt gat aag aaa 968 Lys Val Pro Lys Asp Lys Asp Val Leu Leu Phe Glu Leu Asp Lys Lys 215 220 225 230 aat att ggt gaa gca ctt tct tct gaa aaa ctt tct cct ttg ctt tca 1016 Asn Ile Gly Glu Ala Leu Ser Ser Glu Lys Leu Ser Pro Leu Leu Ser 235 240 245 atc tac aaa gct gaa aca cgt gaa gaa gga att gag att gta cgt agc 1064 Ile Tyr Lys Ala Glu Thr Arg Glu Glu Gly Ile Glu Ile Val Arg Ser 250 255 260 tta ctt gct tat caa ggt gct gga cat aat gct gca att caa atc ggt 1112 Leu Leu Ala Tyr Gln Gly Ala Gly His Asn Ala Ala Ile Gln Ile Gly 265 270 275 gca atg gat gat cca ttc gtt aaa gaa tat ggc gaa aaa gtt gaa gct 1160 Ala Met Asp Asp Pro Phe Val Lys Glu Tyr Gly Glu Lys Val Glu Ala 280 285 290 tct cgt atc ctc gtt aac caa cca gat tct att ggt ggg gtc gga gat 1208 Ser Arg Ile Leu Val Asn Gln Pro Asp Ser Ile Gly Gly Val Gly Asp 295 300 305 310 atc tat act gat gca atg cgt cca tca ctt aca ctt gga act ggt tca 1256 Ile Tyr Thr Asp Ala Met Arg Pro Ser Leu Thr Leu Gly Thr Gly Ser 315 320 325 tgg ggg aaa aat tca ctt tca cac aat ttg agt aca tac gat cta ttg 1304 Trp Gly Lys Asn Ser Leu Ser His Asn Leu Ser Thr Tyr Asp Leu Leu 330 335 340 aat gtt aaa aca gtg gct aaa cgt cgt aat cgc cca caa tgg gtt cgt 1352 Asn Val Lys Thr Val Ala Lys Arg Arg Asn Arg Pro Gln Trp Val Arg 345 350 355 ttg cca aaa gaa att tac tac gaa aaa aat gca att tct tac tta caa 1400 Leu Pro Lys Glu Ile Tyr Tyr Glu Lys Asn Ala Ile Ser Tyr Leu Gln 360 365 370 gaa ttg cca cac gtc cac aaa gct ttc atc gtt gct gac cct ggt atg 1448 Glu Leu Pro His Val His Lys Ala Phe Ile Val Ala Asp Pro Gly Met 375 380 385 390 gtt aaa ttt ggt ttc gtt gat aaa gtt ttg gaa caa ctt gct atc cgc 1496 Val Lys Phe Gly Phe Val Asp Lys Val Leu Glu Gln Leu Ala Ile Arg 395 400 405 cca act caa gtt gaa aca agc att tat ggc tct gtt caa cct gac cca 1544 Pro Thr Gln Val Glu Thr Ser Ile Tyr Gly Ser Val Gln Pro Asp Pro 410 415 420 act ttg agc gaa gca att gca atc gct cgt caa atg aaa caa ttt gaa 1592 Thr Leu Ser Glu Ala Ile Ala Ile Ala Arg Gln Met Lys Gln Phe Glu 425 430 435 cct gac act gtc atc tgt ctt ggt ggt ggt tct gct ctc gat gcc ggt 1640 Pro Asp Thr Val Ile Cys Leu Gly Gly Gly Ser Ala Leu Asp Ala Gly 440 445 450 aag att ggt cgt ttg att tat gaa tat gat gct cgt ggt gaa gct gac 1688 Lys Ile Gly Arg Leu Ile Tyr Glu Tyr Asp Ala Arg Gly Glu Ala Asp 455 460 465 470 ctt tct gat gat gca agt ttg aaa gaa ctt ttc caa gaa tta gct caa 1736 Leu Ser Asp Asp Ala Ser Leu Lys Glu Leu Phe Gln Glu Leu Ala Gln 475 480 485 aaa ttt gtc gat att cgt aaa cgt att att aaa ttc tac cat cca cat 1784 Lys Phe Val Asp Ile Arg Lys Arg Ile Ile Lys Phe Tyr His Pro His 490 495 500 aaa gca caa atg gtt gca att cct act act tct ggt act ggt tct gaa 1832 Lys Ala Gln Met Val Ala Ile Pro Thr Thr Ser Gly Thr Gly Ser Glu 505 510 515 gtg act cca ttt gca gtt atc act gat gat gaa act cat gtt aag tac 1880 Val Thr Pro Phe Ala Val Ile Thr Asp Asp Glu Thr His Val Lys Tyr 520 525 530 cca ctt gct gac tac caa tta aca cca caa gtt gcc att gtt gac cct 1928 Pro Leu Ala Asp Tyr Gln Leu Thr Pro Gln Val Ala Ile Val Asp Pro 535 540 545 550 gag ttt gtt atg act gta cca aaa cgt act gtt tct tgg tct ggt att 1976 Glu Phe Val Met Thr Val Pro Lys Arg Thr Val Ser Trp Ser Gly Ile 555 560 565 gat gcg atg tca cac gcg ctt gaa tct tac gtt tct gtt atg tct tct 2024 Asp Ala Met Ser His Ala Leu Glu Ser Tyr Val Ser Val Met Ser Ser 570 575 580 gac tat aca aaa cca att tca ctt caa gcg atc ccg ggt cta gat 2069 Asp Tyr Thr Lys Pro Ile Ser Leu Gln Ala Ile Pro Gly Leu Asp 585 590 595 tagggtaact ttgaaagga 2088 2 597 PRT Lactococcus lactis 2 Ser Pro Leu Gly Val Leu Ala Gly Ile Val Pro Thr Thr Asn Pro Thr 1 5 10 15 Ser Thr Ala Ile Phe Lys Ser Leu Leu Thr Ala Lys Thr Arg Asn Ala 20 25 30 Ile Val Phe Ala Phe His Pro Gln Ala Gln Lys Cys Ser Ser His Ala 35 40 45 Ala Lys Ile Val Tyr Asp Ala Ala Ile Glu Ala Gly Ala Pro Glu Asp 50 55 60 Phe Ile Gln Trp Ile Glu Val Pro Ser Leu Asp Met Thr Thr Ala Leu 65 70 75 80 Ile Gln Asn Arg Gly Leu Ala Thr Ile Leu Ala Thr Gly Gly Pro Gly 85 90 95 Met Val Asn Ala Ala Leu Lys Ser Gly Asn Pro Ser Leu Gly Val Gly 100 105 110 Ala Gly Asn Gly Ala Val Tyr Val Asp Ala Thr Ala Asn Ile Glu Arg 115 120 125 Ala Val Glu Asp Leu Leu Leu Ser Lys Arg Phe Asp Asn Gly Met Ile 130 135 140 Cys Ala Thr Glu Asn Ser Ala Val Ile Asp Ala Ser Val Tyr Asp Glu 145 150 155 160 Phe Ile Ala Lys Met Gln Glu Gln Gly Ala Tyr Met Val Pro Lys Lys 165 170 175 Asp Tyr Lys Ala Ile Glu Ser Phe Val Phe Val Glu Arg Ala Gly Glu 180 185 190 Gly Phe Gly Val Thr Gly Pro Val Ala Gly Arg Ser Gly Gln Trp Ile 195 200 205 Ala Glu Gln Ala Gly Val Lys Val Pro Lys Asp Lys Asp Val Leu Leu 210 215 220 Phe Glu Leu Asp Lys Lys Asn Ile Gly Glu Ala Leu Ser Ser Glu Lys 225 230 235 240 Leu Ser Pro Leu Leu Ser Ile Tyr Lys Ala Glu Thr Arg Glu Glu Gly 245 250 255 Ile Glu Ile Val Arg Ser Leu Leu Ala Tyr Gln Gly Ala Gly His Asn 260 265 270 Ala Ala Ile Gln Ile Gly Ala Met Asp Asp Pro Phe Val Lys Glu Tyr 275 280 285 Gly Glu Lys Val Glu Ala Ser Arg Ile Leu Val Asn Gln Pro Asp Ser 290 295 300 Ile Gly Gly Val Gly Asp Ile Tyr Thr Asp Ala Met Arg Pro Ser Leu 305 310 315 320 Thr Leu Gly Thr Gly Ser Trp Gly Lys Asn Ser Leu Ser His Asn Leu 325 330 335 Ser Thr Tyr Asp Leu Leu Asn Val Lys Thr Val Ala Lys Arg Arg Asn 340 345 350 Arg Pro Gln Trp Val Arg Leu Pro Lys Glu Ile Tyr Tyr Glu Lys Asn 355 360 365 Ala Ile Ser Tyr Leu Gln Glu Leu Pro His Val His Lys Ala Phe Ile 370 375 380 Val Ala Asp Pro Gly Met Val Lys Phe Gly Phe Val Asp Lys Val Leu 385 390 395 400 Glu Gln Leu Ala Ile Arg Pro Thr Gln Val Glu Thr Ser Ile Tyr Gly 405 410 415 Ser Val Gln Pro Asp Pro Thr Leu Ser Glu Ala Ile Ala Ile Ala Arg 420 425 430 Gln Met Lys Gln Phe Glu Pro Asp Thr Val Ile Cys Leu Gly Gly Gly 435 440 445 Ser Ala Leu Asp Ala Gly Lys Ile Gly Arg Leu Ile Tyr Glu Tyr Asp 450 455 460 Ala Arg Gly Glu Ala Asp Leu Ser Asp Asp Ala Ser Leu Lys Glu Leu 465 470 475 480 Phe Gln Glu Leu Ala Gln Lys Phe Val Asp Ile Arg Lys Arg Ile Ile 485 490 495 Lys Phe Tyr His Pro His Lys Ala Gln Met Val Ala Ile Pro Thr Thr 500 505 510 Ser Gly Thr Gly Ser Glu Val Thr Pro Phe Ala Val Ile Thr Asp Asp 515 520 525 Glu Thr His Val Lys Tyr Pro Leu Ala Asp Tyr Gln Leu Thr Pro Gln 530 535 540 Val Ala Ile Val Asp Pro Glu Phe Val Met Thr Val Pro Lys Arg Thr 545 550 555 560 Val Ser Trp Ser Gly Ile Asp Ala Met Ser His Ala Leu Glu Ser Tyr 565 570 575 Val Ser Val Met Ser Ser Asp Tyr Thr Lys Pro Ile Ser Leu Gln Ala 580 585 590 Ile Pro Gly Leu Asp 595 3 3185 DNA Lactococcus lactis CDS (145)..(2853) 3 aagcttgtta caaaaccgtt ttctaaactt ttgatgagtg tttttgtaaa aactatcaca 60 atattgcttg acatctataa aaaactttgt taaactattc acgtaaaaga aagtgaatga 120 agtcacaaag gagaacctac aaat atg gca act aaa aaa gcc gct cca gct 171 Met Ala Thr Lys Lys Ala Ala Pro Ala 1 5 gca aag aaa gtt tta agc gct gaa gaa aaa gcc gca aaa ttc caa gaa 219 Ala Lys Lys Val Leu Ser Ala Glu Glu Lys Ala Ala Lys Phe Gln Glu 10 15 20 25 gct gtt gct tat act gac aaa tta gtc aaa aaa gca caa gct gct gtt 267 Ala Val Ala Tyr Thr Asp Lys Leu Val Lys Lys Ala Gln Ala Ala Val 30 35 40 ctt aaa ttt gaa gga tat aca caa act caa gtc gat act att gtc gct 315 Leu Lys Phe Glu Gly Tyr Thr Gln Thr Gln Val Asp Thr Ile Val Ala 45 50 55 gca atg gct ctt gca gca agc aaa cat tct cta gaa ctc gct cat gaa 363 Ala Met Ala Leu Ala Ala Ser Lys His Ser Leu Glu Leu Ala His Glu 60 65 70 gcc gtt aac gaa act ggt cgt ggt gtt gtc gaa gac aaa gat acc aaa 411 Ala Val Asn Glu Thr Gly Arg Gly Val Val Glu Asp Lys Asp Thr Lys 75 80 85 aac cac ttt gct tct gaa tct gtt tat aac gca att aaa aat gac aaa 459 Asn His Phe Ala Ser Glu Ser Val Tyr Asn Ala Ile Lys Asn Asp Lys 90 95 100 105 act gtt ggt gtc att tct gaa aac aag gtt gct gga tct gtt gaa atc 507 Thr Val Gly Val Ile Ser Glu Asn Lys Val Ala Gly Ser Val Glu Ile 110 115 120 gca agc cct ctc ggt gta ctt gct ggt atc gtt cca acg act aat cca 555 Ala Ser Pro Leu Gly Val Leu Ala Gly Ile Val Pro Thr Thr Asn Pro 125 130 135 aca tca aca gca atc ttt aaa tct tta ttg act gca aaa aca cgt aat 603 Thr Ser Thr Ala Ile Phe Lys Ser Leu Leu Thr Ala Lys Thr Arg Asn 140 145 150 gct att gtt ttc gct ttc cac cct caa gct caa aaa tgt tca agc cat 651 Ala Ile Val Phe Ala Phe His Pro Gln Ala Gln Lys Cys Ser Ser His 155 160 165 gca gca aaa att gtt tac gat gct gca att gaa gct ggt gca ccg gaa 699 Ala Ala Lys Ile Val Tyr Asp Ala Ala Ile Glu Ala Gly Ala Pro Glu 170 175 180 185 gac ttt att caa tgg att gaa gta cca agc ctt gac atg act acc gcc 747 Asp Phe Ile Gln Trp Ile Glu Val Pro Ser Leu Asp Met Thr Thr Ala 190 195 200 ttg att caa aac cgt gga ctt gca aca atc ctt gca act ggt ggc cca 795 Leu Ile Gln Asn Arg Gly Leu Ala Thr Ile Leu Ala Thr Gly Gly Pro 205 210 215 gga atg gta aac gcc gca ctc aaa tct ggt aac cct tca ctc ggt gtt 843 Gly Met Val Asn Ala Ala Leu Lys Ser Gly Asn Pro Ser Leu Gly Val 220 225 230 gga gct ggt aat ggt gct gtt tat gtt gat gca act gca aat att gaa 891 Gly Ala Gly Asn Gly Ala Val Tyr Val Asp Ala Thr Ala Asn Ile Glu 235 240 245 cgt gcc gtt gaa gac ctt ttg ctt tca aaa cgt ttt gat aat ggg atg 939 Arg Ala Val Glu Asp Leu Leu Leu Ser Lys Arg Phe Asp Asn Gly Met 250 255 260 265 att tgt gcc act gaa aat tca gct gtt att gat gct tca gtt tat gat 987 Ile Cys Ala Thr Glu Asn Ser Ala Val Ile Asp Ala Ser Val Tyr Asp 270 275 280 gaa ttt att gct aaa atg caa gaa caa ggc gct tat atg gtt cct aaa 1035 Glu Phe Ile Ala Lys Met Gln Glu Gln Gly Ala Tyr Met Val Pro Lys 285 290 295 aaa gac tac aaa gct att gaa agt ttc gtt ttt gtt gaa cgt gct ggt 1083 Lys Asp Tyr Lys Ala Ile Glu Ser Phe Val Phe Val Glu Arg Ala Gly 300 305 310 gaa ggt ttt gga gta act ggt cct gtt gcc ggt cgt tct ggt caa tgg 1131 Glu Gly Phe Gly Val Thr Gly Pro Val Ala Gly Arg Ser Gly Gln Trp 315 320 325 att gct gaa caa gct ggt gtc aaa gtt cct aaa gat aaa gat gtc ctt 1179 Ile Ala Glu Gln Ala Gly Val Lys Val Pro Lys Asp Lys Asp Val Leu 330 335 340 345 ctt ttt gaa ctt gat aag aaa aat att ggt gaa gca ctt tct tct gaa 1227 Leu Phe Glu Leu Asp Lys Lys Asn Ile Gly Glu Ala Leu Ser Ser Glu 350 355 360 aaa ctt tct cct ttg ctt tca atc tac aaa gct gaa aca cgt gaa gaa 1275 Lys Leu Ser Pro Leu Leu Ser Ile Tyr Lys Ala Glu Thr Arg Glu Glu 365 370 375 gga att gag att gta cgt agc tta ctt gct tat caa ggt gct gga cat 1323 Gly Ile Glu Ile Val Arg Ser Leu Leu Ala Tyr Gln Gly Ala Gly His 380 385 390 aat gct gca att caa atc ggt gca atg gat gat cca ttc gtt aaa gaa 1371 Asn Ala Ala Ile Gln Ile Gly Ala Met Asp Asp Pro Phe Val Lys Glu 395 400 405 tat ggc gaa aaa gtt gaa gct tct cgt atc ctc gtt aac caa cca gat 1419 Tyr Gly Glu Lys Val Glu Ala Ser Arg Ile Leu Val Asn Gln Pro Asp 410 415 420 425 tct att ggt ggg gtc gga gat atc tat act gat gca atg cgt cca tca 1467 Ser Ile Gly Gly Val Gly Asp Ile Tyr Thr Asp Ala Met Arg Pro Ser 430 435 440 ctt aca ctt gga act ggt tca tgg ggg aaa aat tca ctt tca cac aat 1515 Leu Thr Leu Gly Thr Gly Ser Trp Gly Lys Asn Ser Leu Ser His Asn 445 450 455 ttg agt aca tac gat cta ttg aat gtt aaa aca gtg gct aaa cgt cgt 1563 Leu Ser Thr Tyr Asp Leu Leu Asn Val Lys Thr Val Ala Lys Arg Arg 460 465 470 aat cgc cca caa tgg gtt cgt ttg cca aaa gaa att tac tac gaa aaa 1611 Asn Arg Pro Gln Trp Val Arg Leu Pro Lys Glu Ile Tyr Tyr Glu Lys 475 480 485 aat gca att tct tac tta caa gaa ttg cca cac gtc cac aaa gct ttc 1659 Asn Ala Ile Ser Tyr Leu Gln Glu Leu Pro His Val His Lys Ala Phe 490 495 500 505 atc gtt gct gac cct ggt atg gtt aaa ttt ggt ttc gtt gat aaa gtt 1707 Ile Val Ala Asp Pro Gly Met Val Lys Phe Gly Phe Val Asp Lys Val 510 515 520 ttg gaa caa ctt gct atc cgc cca act caa gtt gaa aca agc att tat 1755 Leu Glu Gln Leu Ala Ile Arg Pro Thr Gln Val Glu Thr Ser Ile Tyr 525 530 535 ggc tct gtt caa cct gac cca act ttg agc gaa gca att gca atc gct 1803 Gly Ser Val Gln Pro Asp Pro Thr Leu Ser Glu Ala Ile Ala Ile Ala 540 545 550 cgt caa atg aaa caa ttt gaa cct gac act gtc atc tgt ctt ggt ggt 1851 Arg Gln Met Lys Gln Phe Glu Pro Asp Thr Val Ile Cys Leu Gly Gly 555 560 565 ggt tct gct ctc gat gcc ggt aag att ggt cgt ttg att tat gaa tat 1899 Gly Ser Ala Leu Asp Ala Gly Lys Ile Gly Arg Leu Ile Tyr Glu Tyr 570 575 580 585 gat gct cgt ggt gaa gct gac ctt tct gat gat gca agt ttg aaa gaa 1947 Asp Ala Arg Gly Glu Ala Asp Leu Ser Asp Asp Ala Ser Leu Lys Glu 590 595 600 ctt ttc caa gaa tta gct caa aaa ttt gtc gat att cgt aaa cgt att 1995 Leu Phe Gln Glu Leu Ala Gln Lys Phe Val Asp Ile Arg Lys Arg Ile 605 610 615 att aaa ttc tac cat cca cat aaa gca caa atg gtt gca att cct act 2043 Ile Lys Phe Tyr His Pro His Lys Ala Gln Met Val Ala Ile Pro Thr 620 625 630 act tct ggt act ggt tct gaa gtg act cca ttt gca gtt atc act gat 2091 Thr Ser Gly Thr Gly Ser Glu Val Thr Pro Phe Ala Val Ile Thr Asp 635 640 645 gat gaa act cat gtt aag tac cca ctt gct gac tac caa tta aca cca 2139 Asp Glu Thr His Val Lys Tyr Pro Leu Ala Asp Tyr Gln Leu Thr Pro 650 655 660 665 caa gtt gcc att gtt gac cct gag ttt gtt atg act gta cca aaa cgt 2187 Gln Val Ala Ile Val Asp Pro Glu Phe Val Met Thr Val Pro Lys Arg 670 675 680 act gtt tct tgg tct ggt att gat gcg atg tca cac gcg ctt gaa tct 2235 Thr Val Ser Trp Ser Gly Ile Asp Ala Met Ser His Ala Leu Glu Ser 685 690 695 tac gtt tct gtt atg tct tct gac tat aca aaa cca att tca ctt caa 2283 Tyr Val Ser Val Met Ser Ser Asp Tyr Thr Lys Pro Ile Ser Leu Gln 700 705 710 gcg atc aaa ctt atc ttt gaa aac ttg act gag tct tat cat tat gac 2331 Ala Ile Lys Leu Ile Phe Glu Asn Leu Thr Glu Ser Tyr His Tyr Asp 715 720 725 cca gcg cat cca act aaa gaa gga caa aaa gcc cgc gaa aac atg cac 2379 Pro Ala His Pro Thr Lys Glu Gly Gln Lys Ala Arg Glu Asn Met His 730 735 740 745 aat gct gca aca ctc gct ggt atg gcc ttc gct aat gct ttc ctt gga 2427 Asn Ala Ala Thr Leu Ala Gly Met Ala Phe Ala Asn Ala Phe Leu Gly 750 755 760 att aac cac tca ctt gct cat aaa att ggt ggt gaa ttt gga ctt cct 2475 Ile Asn His Ser Leu Ala His Lys Ile Gly Gly Glu Phe Gly Leu Pro 765 770 775 cat ggt ctt gcc att gcc atc gct atg cca cat gtc att aaa ttt aac 2523 His Gly Leu Ala Ile Ala Ile Ala Met Pro His Val Ile Lys Phe Asn 780 785 790 gct gta aca gga aac gtt aaa cgt acc cct tac cca cgt tat gaa aca 2571 Ala Val Thr Gly Asn Val Lys Arg Thr Pro Tyr Pro Arg Tyr Glu Thr 795 800 805 tat cgt gct caa gag gac tac gct gaa att tca cgc ttc atg gga ttt 2619 Tyr Arg Ala Gln Glu Asp Tyr Ala Glu Ile Ser Arg Phe Met Gly Phe 810 815 820 825 gct ggt aaa gat gat tca gat gaa aaa gct gtg caa gct ctg gtt gct 2667 Ala Gly Lys Asp Asp Ser Asp Glu Lys Ala Val Gln Ala Leu Val Ala 830 835 840 gaa ctt aag aaa ctg act gat agc att gat att aat atc acc ctt tca 2715 Glu Leu Lys Lys Leu Thr Asp Ser Ile Asp Ile Asn Ile Thr Leu Ser 845 850 855 gga aat ggt atc gat aaa gct cac ctt gaa cgt gaa ctt gat aaa ttg 2763 Gly Asn Gly Ile Asp Lys Ala His Leu Glu Arg Glu Leu Asp Lys Leu 860 865 870 gct gac ctt gtt tat gat gat caa tgt act cct gct aat cct cgt caa 2811 Ala Asp Leu Val Tyr Asp Asp Gln Cys Thr Pro Ala Asn Pro Arg Gln 875 880 885 cca aga att gat gag att aaa cag ttg ttg tta gat caa tac 2853 Pro Arg Ile Asp Glu Ile Lys Gln Leu Leu Leu Asp Gln Tyr 890 895 900 taataatctg ttgataaaat tattaaaacg ctctgatcag agcatttttt attatagctt 2913 atacaactat caaaaggtat aaatcaattt cgatataggc tcttttcact ccattgattt 2973 atgcatttct ataaaaatca ataattaatt agcgatagaa gtcgagttca tgcatgctaa 3033 taatgaaatt gttttaaatt ctggtttttc tttatgttct ttgcgaacat ctttcacagt 3093 ttctttgttc atgaaaattc ctccttatta tggtactatt ttgagcccaa atagttatat 3153 aagaatccta aacttcggat atcttatcaa ag 3185 4 903 PRT Lactococcus lactis 4 Met Ala Thr Lys Lys Ala Ala Pro Ala Ala Lys Lys Val Leu Ser Ala 1 5 10 15 Glu Glu Lys Ala Ala Lys Phe Gln Glu Ala Val Ala Tyr Thr Asp Lys 20 25 30 Leu Val Lys Lys Ala Gln Ala Ala Val Leu Lys Phe Glu Gly Tyr Thr 35 40 45 Gln Thr Gln Val Asp Thr Ile Val Ala Ala Met Ala Leu Ala Ala Ser 50 55 60 Lys His Ser Leu Glu Leu Ala His Glu Ala Val Asn Glu Thr Gly Arg 65 70 75 80 Gly Val Val Glu Asp Lys Asp Thr Lys Asn His Phe Ala Ser Glu Ser 85 90 95 Val Tyr Asn Ala Ile Lys Asn Asp Lys Thr Val Gly Val Ile Ser Glu 100 105 110 Asn Lys Val Ala Gly Ser Val Glu Ile Ala Ser Pro Leu Gly Val Leu 115 120 125 Ala Gly Ile Val Pro Thr Thr Asn Pro Thr Ser Thr Ala Ile Phe Lys 130 135 140 Ser Leu Leu Thr Ala Lys Thr Arg Asn Ala Ile Val Phe Ala Phe His 145 150 155 160 Pro Gln Ala Gln Lys Cys Ser Ser His Ala Ala Lys Ile Val Tyr Asp 165 170 175 Ala Ala Ile Glu Ala Gly Ala Pro Glu Asp Phe Ile Gln Trp Ile Glu 180 185 190 Val Pro Ser Leu Asp Met Thr Thr Ala Leu Ile Gln Asn Arg Gly Leu 195 200 205 Ala Thr Ile Leu Ala Thr Gly Gly Pro Gly Met Val Asn Ala Ala Leu 210 215 220 Lys Ser Gly Asn Pro Ser Leu Gly Val Gly Ala Gly Asn Gly Ala Val 225 230 235 240 Tyr Val Asp Ala Thr Ala Asn Ile Glu Arg Ala Val Glu Asp Leu Leu 245 250 255 Leu Ser Lys Arg Phe Asp Asn Gly Met Ile Cys Ala Thr Glu Asn Ser 260 265 270 Ala Val Ile Asp Ala Ser Val Tyr Asp Glu Phe Ile Ala Lys Met Gln 275 280 285 Glu Gln Gly Ala Tyr Met Val Pro Lys Lys Asp Tyr Lys Ala Ile Glu 290 295 300 Ser Phe Val Phe Val Glu Arg Ala Gly Glu Gly Phe Gly Val Thr Gly 305 310 315 320 Pro Val Ala Gly Arg Ser Gly Gln Trp Ile Ala Glu Gln Ala Gly Val 325 330 335 Lys Val Pro Lys Asp Lys Asp Val Leu Leu Phe Glu Leu Asp Lys Lys 340 345 350 Asn Ile Gly Glu Ala Leu Ser Ser Glu Lys Leu Ser Pro Leu Leu Ser 355 360 365 Ile Tyr Lys Ala Glu Thr Arg Glu Glu Gly Ile Glu Ile Val Arg Ser 370 375 380 Leu Leu Ala Tyr Gln Gly Ala Gly His Asn Ala Ala Ile Gln Ile Gly 385 390 395 400 Ala Met Asp Asp Pro Phe Val Lys Glu Tyr Gly Glu Lys Val Glu Ala 405 410 415 Ser Arg Ile Leu Val Asn Gln Pro Asp Ser Ile Gly Gly Val Gly Asp 420 425 430 Ile Tyr Thr Asp Ala Met Arg Pro Ser Leu Thr Leu Gly Thr Gly Ser 435 440 445 Trp Gly Lys Asn Ser Leu Ser His Asn Leu Ser Thr Tyr Asp Leu Leu 450 455 460 Asn Val Lys Thr Val Ala Lys Arg Arg Asn Arg Pro Gln Trp Val Arg 465 470 475 480 Leu Pro Lys Glu Ile Tyr Tyr Glu Lys Asn Ala Ile Ser Tyr Leu Gln 485 490 495 Glu Leu Pro His Val His Lys Ala Phe Ile Val Ala Asp Pro Gly Met 500 505 510 Val Lys Phe Gly Phe Val Asp Lys Val Leu Glu Gln Leu Ala Ile Arg 515 520 525 Pro Thr Gln Val Glu Thr Ser Ile Tyr Gly Ser Val Gln Pro Asp Pro 530 535 540 Thr Leu Ser Glu Ala Ile Ala Ile Ala Arg Gln Met Lys Gln Phe Glu 545 550 555 560 Pro Asp Thr Val Ile Cys Leu Gly Gly Gly Ser Ala Leu Asp Ala Gly 565 570 575 Lys Ile Gly Arg Leu Ile Tyr Glu Tyr Asp Ala Arg Gly Glu Ala Asp 580 585 590 Leu Ser Asp Asp Ala Ser Leu Lys Glu Leu Phe Gln Glu Leu Ala Gln 595 600 605 Lys Phe Val Asp Ile Arg Lys Arg Ile Ile Lys Phe Tyr His Pro His 610 615 620 Lys Ala Gln Met Val Ala Ile Pro Thr Thr Ser Gly Thr Gly Ser Glu 625 630 635 640 Val Thr Pro Phe Ala Val Ile Thr Asp Asp Glu Thr His Val Lys Tyr 645 650 655 Pro Leu Ala Asp Tyr Gln Leu Thr Pro Gln Val Ala Ile Val Asp Pro 660 665 670 Glu Phe Val Met Thr Val Pro Lys Arg Thr Val Ser Trp Ser Gly Ile 675 680 685 Asp Ala Met Ser His Ala Leu Glu Ser Tyr Val Ser Val Met Ser Ser 690 695 700 Asp Tyr Thr Lys Pro Ile Ser Leu Gln Ala Ile Lys Leu Ile Phe Glu 705 710 715 720 Asn Leu Thr Glu Ser Tyr His Tyr Asp Pro Ala His Pro Thr Lys Glu 725 730 735 Gly Gln Lys Ala Arg Glu Asn Met His Asn Ala Ala Thr Leu Ala Gly 740 745 750 Met Ala Phe Ala Asn Ala Phe Leu Gly Ile Asn His Ser Leu Ala His 755 760 765 Lys Ile Gly Gly Glu Phe Gly Leu Pro His Gly Leu Ala Ile Ala Ile 770 775 780 Ala Met Pro His Val Ile Lys Phe Asn Ala Val Thr Gly Asn Val Lys 785 790 795 800 Arg Thr Pro Tyr Pro Arg Tyr Glu Thr Tyr Arg Ala Gln Glu Asp Tyr 805 810 815 Ala Glu Ile Ser Arg Phe Met Gly Phe Ala Gly Lys Asp Asp Ser Asp 820 825 830 Glu Lys Ala Val Gln Ala Leu Val Ala Glu Leu Lys Lys Leu Thr Asp 835 840 845 Ser Ile Asp Ile Asn Ile Thr Leu Ser Gly Asn Gly Ile Asp Lys Ala 850 855 860 His Leu Glu Arg Glu Leu Asp Lys Leu Ala Asp Leu Val Tyr Asp Asp 865 870 875 880 Gln Cys Thr Pro Ala Asn Pro Arg Gln Pro Arg Ile Asp Glu Ile Lys 885 890 895 Gln Leu Leu Leu Asp Gln Tyr 900 5 835 PRT Lactococcus lactis 5 Met Ala Thr Lys Lys Ala Ala Pro Ala Ala Lys Lys Val Leu Ser Ala 1 5 10 15 Glu Glu Lys Ala Ala Lys Phe Gln Glu Ala Val Ala Tyr Thr Asp Lys 20 25 30 Leu Val Lys Lys Ala Gln Ala Ala Val Leu Lys Phe Glu Gly Tyr Thr 35 40 45 Gln Thr Gln Val Asp Thr Ile Val Ala Ala Met Ala Leu Ala Ala Ser 50 55 60 Lys His Ser Leu Glu Leu Ala His Glu Ala Val Asn Glu Thr Gly Arg 65 70 75 80 Gly Val Val Glu Asp Lys Asp Thr Lys Asn His Phe Ala Ser Glu Ser 85 90 95 Val Tyr Asn Ala Ile Lys Asn Asp Lys Thr Val Gly Val Ile Ser Glu 100 105 110 Asn Lys Val Ala Gly Ser Val Glu Ile Ala Ser Pro Leu Gly Val Leu 115 120 125 Ala Gly Ile Val Pro Thr Thr Asn Pro Thr Ser Thr Ala Ile Phe Lys 130 135 140 Ser Leu Leu Thr Ala Lys Thr Arg Asn Ala Ile Val Phe Ala Phe His 145 150 155 160 Pro Gln Ala Gln Lys Cys Ser Ser His Ala Ala Lys Ile Val Tyr Asp 165 170 175 Ala Ala Ile Glu Ala Gly Ala Pro Glu Asp Phe Ile Gln Trp Ile Glu 180 185 190 Val Pro Ser Leu Asp Met Thr Thr Ala Leu Ile Gln Asn Arg Gly Leu 195 200 205 Ala Thr Ile Leu Ala Thr Gly Gly Pro Gly Met Val Asn Ala Ala Leu 210 215 220 Lys Ser Gly Asn Pro Ser Leu Gly Val Gly Ala Gly Asn Gly Ala Val 225 230 235 240 Tyr Val Asp Ala Thr Ala Asn Ile Glu Arg Ala Val Glu Asp Leu Leu 245 250 255 Leu Ser Lys Arg Phe Asp Asn Gly Met Ile Cys Ala Thr Glu Asn Ser 260 265 270 Ala Val Ile Asp Ala Ser Val Tyr Asp Glu Phe Ile Ala Lys Met Gln 275 280 285 Glu Gln Gly Ala Tyr Met Val Pro Lys Lys Asp Tyr Lys Ala Ile Glu 290 295 300 Ser Phe Val Phe Val Glu Arg Ala Gly Glu Gly Phe Gly Val Thr Gly 305 310 315 320 Pro Val Ala Gly Arg Ser Gly Gln Trp Ile Ala Glu Gln Ala Gly Val 325 330 335 Lys Val Pro Lys Asp Lys Asp Val Leu Leu Phe Glu Leu Asp Lys Lys 340 345 350 Asn Ile Gly Glu Ala Leu Ser Ser Glu Lys Leu Ser Pro Leu Leu Ser 355 360 365 Ile Tyr Lys Ala Glu Thr Arg Glu Glu Gly Ile Glu Ile Val Arg Ser 370 375 380 Leu Leu Ala Tyr Gln Gly Ala Gly His Asn Ala Ala Ile Gln Ile Gly 385 390 395 400 Ala Met Asp Asp Pro Phe Val Lys Glu Tyr Gly Glu Lys Val Glu Ala 405 410 415 Ser Arg Ile Leu Val Asn Gln Pro Asp Ser Ile Gly Gly Val Gly Asp 420 425 430 Ile Tyr Thr Asp Ala Met Arg Pro Ser Leu Thr Leu Gly Thr Gly Ser 435 440 445 Trp Gly Lys Asn Ser Leu Ser His Asn Leu Ser Thr Tyr Asp Leu Leu 450 455 460 Asn Val Lys Thr Val Ala Lys Arg Arg Asn Arg Pro Gln Trp Val Arg 465 470 475 480 Leu Pro Lys Glu Ile Tyr Tyr Glu Lys Asn Ala Ile Ser Tyr Leu Gln 485 490 495 Glu Leu Pro His Val His Lys Ala Phe Ile Val Ala Asp Pro Gly Met 500 505 510 Val Lys Phe Gly Phe Val Asp Lys Val Leu Glu Gln Leu Ala Ile Arg 515 520 525 Pro Thr Gln Val Glu Thr Ser Ile Tyr Gly Ser Val Gln Pro Asp Pro 530 535 540 Thr Leu Ser Glu Ala Ile Ala Ile Ala Arg Gln Met Lys Gln Phe Glu 545 550 555 560 Pro Asp Thr Val Ile Cys Leu Gly Gly Gly Ser Ala Leu Asp Ala Gly 565 570 575 Lys Ile Gly Arg Leu Ile Tyr Glu Tyr Asp Ala Arg Gly Glu Ala Asp 580 585 590 Leu Ser Asp Asp Ala Ser Leu Lys Glu Leu Phe Gln Glu Leu Ala Gln 595 600 605 Lys Phe Val Asp Ile Arg Lys Arg Ile Ile Lys Phe Tyr His Pro His 610 615 620 Lys Ala Gln Met Val Ala Ile Pro Thr Thr Ser Gly Thr Gly Ser Glu 625 630 635 640 Val Thr Pro Phe Ala Val Ile Thr Asp Asp Glu Thr His Val Lys Tyr 645 650 655 Pro Leu Ala Asp Tyr Gln Leu Thr Pro Gln Val Ala Ile Val Asp Pro 660 665 670 Glu Phe Val Met Thr Val Pro Lys Arg Thr Val Ser Trp Ser Gly Ile 675 680 685 Asp Ala Met Ser His Ala Leu Glu Ser Tyr Val Ser Val Met Ser Ser 690 695 700 Asp Tyr Thr Lys Pro Ile Ser Leu Gln Ala Ile Lys Leu Ile Phe Glu 705 710 715 720 Asn Leu Thr Glu Ser Tyr His Tyr Asp Pro Ala His Pro Thr Lys Glu 725 730 735 Gly Gln Lys Ala Arg Glu Asn Met His Asn Ala Ala Thr Leu Ala Gly 740 745 750 Met Ala Phe Ala Asn Ala Phe Leu Gly Ile Asn His Ser Leu Ala His 755 760 765 Lys Ile Gly Gly Glu Phe Gly Leu Pro His Gly Leu Ala Ile Ala Ile 770 775 780 Ala Met Pro His Val Ile Lys Phe Asn Ala Val Thr Gly Asn Val Lys 785 790 795 800 Arg Thr Pro Tyr Pro Arg Tyr Glu Thr Tyr Arg Ala Gln Glu Asp Tyr 805 810 815 Ala Glu Ile Ser Arg Phe Met Gly Phe Ala Gly Lys Asp Asp Ser Asp 820 825 830 Glu Lys Ala 835 6 797 PRT Escherichia coli 6 Ala Val Thr Asn Val Ala Glu Leu Asn Ala Leu Val Glu Arg Val Lys 1 5 10 15 Lys Ala Gln Arg Glu Tyr Ala Ser Phe Thr Gln Glu Gln Val Asp Lys 20 25 30 Ile Phe Arg Ala Ala Ala Leu Ala Ala Ala Asp Ala Arg Ile Pro Leu 35 40 45 Ala Lys Met Ala Val Ala Glu Ser Gly Met Gly Ile Val Glu Asp Lys 50 55 60 Val Ile Lys Asn His Phe Ala Ser Glu Tyr Ile Tyr Asn Ala Tyr Lys 65 70 75 80 Asp Glu Lys Thr Cys Gly Val Leu Ser Glu Asp Asp Thr Phe Gly Thr 85 90 95 Ile Thr Ile Ala Glu Pro Ile Gly Ile Ile Cys Gly Ile Val Pro Thr 100 105 110 Thr Asn Pro Thr Ser Thr Ala Ile Phe Lys Ser Leu Ile Ser Leu Lys 115 120 125 Thr Arg Asn Ala Ile Ile Phe Ser Pro His Pro Arg Ala Lys Asp Ala 130 135 140 Thr Asn Lys Ala Ala Asp Ile Val Leu Gln Ala Ala Ile Ala Ala Gly 145 150 155 160 Ala Pro Lys Asp Leu Ile Gly Trp Ile Asp Gln Pro Ser Val Glu Leu 165 170 175 Ser Asn Ala Leu Met His His Pro Asp Ile Asn Leu Ile Leu Ala Thr 180 185 190 Gly Gly Pro Gly Met Val Lys Ala Ala Tyr Ser Ser Gly Lys Pro Ala 195 200 205 Ile Gly Val Gly Ala Gly Asn Thr Pro Val Val Ile Asp Glu Thr Ala 210 215 220 Asp Ile Lys Arg Ala Val Ala Ser Val Leu Met Ser Lys Thr Phe Asp 225 230 235 240 Asn Gly Val Ile Cys Ala Ser Glu Gln Ser Val Val Val Val Asp Ser 245 250 255 Val Tyr Asp Ala Val Arg Glu Arg Phe Ala Thr His Gly Gly Tyr Leu 260 265 270 Leu Gln Gly Lys Glu Leu Lys Ala Val Gln Asp Val Ile Leu Lys Asn 275 280 285 Gly Ala Leu Asn Ala Ala Ile Val Gly Gln Pro Ala Tyr Lys Ile Ala 290 295 300 Glu Leu Ala Gly Phe Ser Val Pro Glu Asn Thr Lys Ile Leu Ile Gly 305 310 315 320 Glu Val Thr Val Val Asp Glu Ser Glu Pro Phe Ala His Glu Lys Leu 325 330 335 Ser Pro Thr Leu Ala Met Tyr Arg Ala Lys Asp Phe Glu Asp Ala Val 340 345 350 Glu Lys Ala Glu Lys Leu Val Ala Met Gly Gly Ile Gly His Thr Ser 355 360 365 Cys Leu Tyr Thr Asp Gln Asp Asn Gln Pro Ala Arg Val Ser Tyr Phe 370 375 380 Gly Gln Lys Met Lys Thr Ala Arg Ile Leu Ile Asn Thr Pro Ala Ser 385 390 395 400 Gln Gly Gly Ile Gly Asp Leu Tyr Asn Phe Lys Leu Ala Pro Ser Leu 405 410 415 Thr Leu Gly Cys Gly Ser Trp Gly Gly Asn Ser Ile Ser Glu Asn Val 420 425 430 Gly Pro Lys His Leu Ile Asn Lys Lys Thr Val Ala Lys Arg Ala Glu 435 440 445 Asn Met Leu Trp His Lys Leu Pro Lys Ser Ile Tyr Phe Arg Arg Gly 450 455 460 Ser Leu Pro Ile Ala Leu Asp Glu Val Ile Thr Asp Gly His Lys Arg 465 470 475 480 Ala Leu Ile Val Thr Asp Arg Phe Leu Phe Asn Asn Gly Tyr Ala Asp 485 490 495 Gln Ile Thr Ser Val Leu Lys Ala Ala Gly Val Glu Thr Glu Val Phe 500 505 510 Phe Glu Val Glu Ala Asp Pro Thr Leu Ser Ile Val Arg Lys Gly Ala 515 520 525 Glu Leu Ala Asn Ser Phe Lys Pro Asp Val Ile Ile Ala Leu Gly Gly 530 535 540 Gly Ser Pro Met Asp Ala Ala Lys Ile Met Trp Val Met Tyr Glu His 545 550 555 560 Pro Glu Thr His Phe Glu Glu Leu Ala Leu Arg Phe Met Asp Ile Arg 565 570 575 Lys Arg Ile Tyr Lys Phe Pro Lys Met Gly Val Lys Ala Lys Met Ile 580 585 590 Ala Val Thr Thr Thr Ser Gly Thr Gly Ser Glu Val Thr Pro Phe Ala 595 600 605 Val Val Thr Asp Asp Ala Thr Gly Gln Lys Tyr Pro Leu Ala Asp Tyr 610 615 620 Ala Leu Thr Pro Asp Met Ala Ile Val Asp Ala Asn Leu Val Met Asp 625 630 635 640 Met Pro Lys Ser Leu Cys Ala Phe Gly Gly Leu Asp Ala Val Thr His 645 650 655 Ala Met Glu Ala Tyr Val Ser Val Leu Ala Ser Glu Phe Ser Asp Gly 660 665 670 Gln Ala Leu Gln Ala Leu Lys Leu Leu Lys Glu Tyr Leu Pro Ala Ser 675 680 685 Tyr His Glu Gly Ser Lys Asn Pro Val Ala Arg Glu Arg Val His Ser 690 695 700 Ala Ala Thr Ile Ala Gly Ile Ala Phe Ala Asn Ala Phe Leu Gly Val 705 710 715 720 Cys His Ser Met Ala His Lys Leu Gly Ser Gln Phe His Ile Pro His 725 730 735 Gly Leu Ala Asn Ala Leu Leu Ile Cys Asn Val Ile Arg Tyr Asn Ala 740 745 750 Asn Asp Asn Pro Thr Lys Gln Thr Ala Phe Ser Gln Tyr Asp Arg Pro 755 760 765 Gln Ala Arg Arg Arg Tyr Ala Glu Ile Ala Asp His Leu Gly Leu Ser 770 775 780 Ala Pro Gly Asp Arg Thr Ala Ala Lys Ile Glu Lys Leu 785 790 795 7 19 DNA Artificial Sequence Primer adhe-mg3 7 cttctttggt tggatgagc 19 8 490 PRT Lactococcus lactis 8 Tyr Gln Gly Ala Gly His Asn Ala Ala Ile Gln Ile Gly Ala Met Asp 1 5 10 15 Asp Pro Phe Val Lys Glu Tyr Gly Ile Lys Val Glu Ala Ser Arg Ile 20 25 30 Leu Val Asn Gln Pro Asp Ser Ile Gly Gly Val Gly Asp Ile Tyr Thr 35 40 45 Asp Ala Met Arg Pro Ser Leu Thr Leu Gly Thr Gly Ser Trp Gly Lys 50 55 60 Asn Ser Leu Ser His Asn Leu Ser Thr Tyr Asp Leu Leu Asn Val Lys 65 70 75 80 Thr Val Ala Lys Arg Arg Asn Arg Pro Gln Trp Val Arg Leu Pro Lys 85 90 95 Glu Ile Tyr Tyr Glu Lys Asn Ala Ile Ser Tyr Leu Gln Glu Leu Pro 100 105 110 His Val His Lys Ala Phe Ile Val Ala Asp Pro Gly Met Val Lys Phe 115 120 125 Gly Phe Val Asp Lys Val Leu Glu Gln Leu Ala Ile Arg Pro Thr Gln 130 135 140 Val Glu Thr Ser Ile Tyr Gly Ser Val Gln Pro Asp Pro Thr Leu Ser 145 150 155 160 Glu Ala Ile Ala Ile Ala Arg Gln Met Asn His Phe Glu Pro Asp Thr 165 170 175 Val Ile Cys Leu Gly Gly Gly Ser Ala Leu Asp Ala Gly Lys Ile Gly 180 185 190 Arg Leu Ile Tyr Glu Tyr Asp Ala Arg Gly Glu Ala Asp Leu Ser Asp 195 200 205 Asp Ala Ser Leu Lys Glu Ile Phe Gln Glu Leu Ala Gln Lys Phe Val 210 215 220 Asp Ile Arg Lys Arg Ile Ile Lys Phe Tyr His Pro His Lys Ala Gln 225 230 235 240 Met Val Ala Ile Pro Thr Thr Ser Gly Thr Gly Ser Glu Val Thr Pro 245 250 255 Phe Ala Val Ile Thr Asp Asp Glu Thr His Val Lys Tyr Pro Leu Ala 260 265 270 Asp Tyr Gln Leu Thr Pro Gln Val Ala Ile Val Asp Pro Glu Phe Val 275 280 285 Met Thr Val Pro Lys Arg Thr Val Ser Trp Ser Gly Ile Asp Ala Met 290 295 300 Ser His Ala Leu Glu Ser Tyr Val Ser Val Met Ser Ser Asp Tyr Thr 305 310 315 320 Lys Pro Ile Ser Leu Gln Ala Ile Lys Leu Ile Phe Glu Asn Leu Thr 325 330 335 Glu Ser Tyr His Tyr Asp Pro Ala His Pro Thr Lys Glu Gly Gln Lys 340 345 350 Ala Arg Glu Asn Met His Asn Ala Ala Thr Leu Ala Gly Met Ala Phe 355 360 365 Ala Asn Ala Phe Leu Gly Ile Asn His Ser Leu Ala His Lys Ile Ala 370 375 380 Gly Glu Phe Gly Leu Pro His Gly Leu Ala Ile Ala Ile Ala Met Pro 385 390 395 400 His Val Ile Lys Phe Asn Ala Val Thr Gly Asn Val Lys Phe Thr Pro 405 410 415 Tyr Pro Arg Tyr Glu Thr Tyr Arg Ala Gln Glu Asp Tyr Ala Glu Ile 420 425 430 Ser Arg Phe Met Gly Phe Ala Gly Lys Glu Asp Ser Asp Glu Lys Ala 435 440 445 Val Lys Ala Phe Val Ala Glu Leu Lys Lys Leu Thr Asp Ser Ile Asp 450 455 460 Ile Asn Ile Thr Leu Ser Gly Asn Gly Val Asp Lys Ala His Leu Glu 465 470 475 480 Arg Glu Leu Asp Lys Leu Ala Asp Leu Val 485 490 9 903 PRT Lactococcus lactis 9 Met Ala Thr Lys Lys Ala Ala Pro Ala Ala Lys Lys Val Leu Ser Ala 1 5 10 15 Glu Glu Lys Ala Ala Lys Phe Gln Glu Ala Val Ala Tyr Thr Asp Lys 20 25 30 Leu Val Lys Lys Ala Gln Ala Ala Val Leu Lys Phe Glu Gly Tyr Thr 35 40 45 Gln Thr Gln Val Asp Thr Ile Val Ala Ala Met Ala Leu Ala Ala Ser 50 55 60 Lys His Ser Leu Glu Leu Ala His Glu Ala Val Asn Glu Thr Gly Arg 65 70 75 80 Gly Val Val Glu Asp Lys Asp Thr Lys Asn His Phe Ala Ser Glu Ser 85 90 95 Val Tyr Asn Ala Ile Lys Asn Asp Lys Thr Val Gly Val Ile Ser Glu 100 105 110 Asn Lys Val Ala Gly Ser Val Glu Ile Ala Ser Pro Leu Gly Val Leu 115 120 125 Ala Gly Ile Val Pro Thr Thr Asn Pro Thr Ser Thr Ala Ile Phe Lys 130 135 140 Ser Leu Leu Thr Ala Lys Thr Arg Asn Ala Ile Val Phe Ala Phe His 145 150 155 160 Pro Gln Ala Gln Lys Cys Ser Ser His Ala Ala Lys Ile Val Tyr Asp 165 170 175 Ala Ala Ile Glu Ala Gly Ala Pro Glu Asp Phe Ile Gln Trp Ile Glu 180 185 190 Val Pro Ser Leu Asp Met Thr Thr Ala Leu Ile Gln Asn Arg Gly Leu 195 200 205 Ala Thr Ile Leu Ala Thr Gly Gly Pro Gly Met Val Asn Ala Ala Leu 210 215 220 Lys Ser Gly Asn Pro Ser Leu Gly Val Gly Ala Gly Asn Gly Ala Val 225 230 235 240 Tyr Val Asp Ala Thr Ala Asn Ile Glu Arg Ala Val Glu Asp Leu Leu 245 250 255 Leu Ser Lys Arg Phe Asp Asn Gly Met Ile Cys Ala Thr Glu Asn Ser 260 265 270 Ala Val Ile Asp Ala Ser Val Tyr Asp Glu Phe Ile Ala Lys Met Gln 275 280 285 Glu Gln Gly Ala Tyr Met Val Pro Lys Lys Asp Tyr Lys Ala Ile Glu 290 295 300 Ser Phe Val Phe Val Glu Arg Ala Gly Glu Gly Phe Gly Val Thr Gly 305 310 315 320 Pro Val Ala Gly Arg Ser Gly Gln Trp Ile Ala Glu Gln Ala Gly Val 325 330 335 Lys Val Pro Lys Asp Lys Asp Val Leu Leu Phe Glu Leu Asp Lys Lys 340 345 350 Asn Ile Gly Glu Ala Leu Ser Ser Glu Lys Leu Ser Pro Leu Leu Ser 355 360 365 Ile Tyr Lys Ala Glu Thr Arg Glu Glu Gly Ile Glu Ile Val Arg Ser 370 375 380 Leu Leu Ala Tyr Gln Gly Ala Gly His Asn Ala Ala Ile Gln Ile Gly 385 390 395 400 Ala Met Asp Asp Pro Phe Val Lys Glu Tyr Gly Glu Lys Val Glu Ala 405 410 415 Ser Arg Ile Leu Val Asn Gln Pro Asp Ser Ile Gly Gly Val Gly Asp 420 425 430 Ile Tyr Thr Asp Ala Met Arg Pro Ser Leu Thr Leu Gly Thr Gly Ser 435 440 445 Trp Gly Lys Asn Ser Leu Ser His Asn Leu Ser Thr Tyr Asp Leu Leu 450 455 460 Asn Val Lys Thr Val Ala Lys Arg Arg Asn Arg Pro Gln Trp Val Arg 465 470 475 480 Leu Pro Lys Glu Ile Tyr Tyr Glu Lys Asn Ala Ile Ser Tyr Leu Gln 485 490 495 Glu Leu Pro His Val His Lys Ala Phe Ile Val Ala Asp Pro Gly Met 500 505 510 Val Lys Phe Gly Phe Val Asp Lys Val Leu Glu Gln Leu Ala Ile Arg 515 520 525 Pro Thr Gln Val Glu Thr Ser Ile Tyr Gly Ser Val Gln Pro Asp Pro 530 535 540 Thr Leu Ser Glu Ala Ile Ala Ile Ala Arg Gln Met Lys Gln Phe Glu 545 550 555 560 Pro Asp Thr Val Ile Cys Leu Gly Gly Gly Ser Ala Leu Asp Ala Gly 565 570 575 Lys Ile Gly Arg Leu Ile Tyr Glu Tyr Asp Ala Arg Gly Glu Ala Asp 580 585 590 Leu Ser Asp Asp Ala Ser Leu Lys Glu Leu Phe Gln Glu Leu Ala Gln 595 600 605 Lys Phe Val Asp Ile Arg Lys Arg Ile Ile Lys Phe Tyr His Pro His 610 615 620 Lys Ala Gln Met Val Ala Ile Pro Thr Thr Ser Gly Thr Gly Ser Glu 625 630 635 640 Val Thr Pro Phe Ala Val Ile Thr Asp Asp Glu Thr His Val Lys Tyr 645 650 655 Pro Leu Ala Asp Tyr Gln Leu Thr Pro Gln Val Ala Ile Val Asp Pro 660 665 670 Glu Phe Val Met Thr Val Pro Lys Arg Thr Val Ser Trp Ser Gly Ile 675 680 685 Asp Ala Met Ser His Ala Leu Glu Ser Tyr Val Ser Val Met Ser Ser 690 695 700 Asp Tyr Thr Lys Pro Ile Ser Leu Gln Ala Ile Lys Leu Ile Phe Glu 705 710 715 720 Asn Leu Thr Glu Ser Tyr His Tyr Asp Pro Ala His Pro Thr Lys Glu 725 730 735 Gly Gln Lys Ala Arg Glu Asn Met His Asn Ala Ala Thr Leu Ala Gly 740 745 750 Met Ala Phe Ala Asn Ala Phe Leu Gly Ile Asn His Ser Leu Ala His 755 760 765 Lys Ile Gly Gly Glu Phe Gly Leu Pro His Gly Leu Ala Ile Ala Ile 770 775 780 Ala Met Pro His Val Ile Lys Phe Asn Ala Val Thr Gly Asn Val Lys 785 790 795 800 Arg Thr Pro Tyr Pro Arg Tyr Glu Thr Tyr Arg Ala Gln Glu Asp Tyr 805 810 815 Ala Glu Ile Ser Arg Phe Met Gly Phe Ala Gly Lys Asp Asp Ser Asp 820 825 830 Glu Lys Ala Val Gln Ala Leu Val Ala Glu Leu Lys Lys Leu Thr Asp 835 840 845 Ser Ile Asp Ile Asn Ile Thr Leu Ser Gly Asn Gly Ile Asp Lys Ala 850 855 860 His Leu Glu Arg Glu Leu Asp Lys Leu Ala Asp Leu Val Tyr Asp Asp 865 870 875 880 Gln Cys Thr Pro Ala Asn Pro Arg Gln Pro Arg Ile Asp Glu Ile Lys 885 890 895 Gln Leu Leu Leu Asp Gln Tyr 900 10 891 PRT Escherichia coli 10 Met Ala Val Thr Asn Val Ala Glu Leu Asn Ala Leu Val Glu Arg Val 1 5 10 15 Lys Lys Ala Gln Arg Glu Tyr Ala Ser Phe Thr Gln Glu Gln Val Asp 20 25 30 Lys Ile Phe Arg Ala Ala Ala Leu Ala Ala Ala Asp Ala Arg Ile Pro 35 40 45 Leu Ala Lys Met Ala Val Ala Glu Ser Gly Met Gly Ile Val Glu Asp 50 55 60 Lys Val Ile Lys Asn His Phe Ala Ser Glu Tyr Ile Tyr Asn Ala Tyr 65 70 75 80 Lys Asp Glu Lys Thr Cys Gly Val Leu Ser Glu Asp Asp Thr Phe Gly 85 90 95 Thr Ile Thr Ile Ala Glu Pro Ile Gly Ile Ile Cys Gly Ile Val Pro 100 105 110 Thr Thr Asn Pro Thr Ser Thr Ala Ile Phe Lys Ser Leu Ile Ser Leu 115 120 125 Lys Thr Arg Asn Ala Ile Ile Phe Ser Pro His Pro Arg Ala Lys Asp 130 135 140 Ala Thr Asn Lys Ala Ala Asp Ile Val Leu Gln Ala Ala Ile Ala Ala 145 150 155 160 Gly Ala Pro Lys Asp Leu Ile Gly Trp Ile Asp Gln Pro Ser Val Glu 165 170 175 Leu Ser Asn Ala Leu Met His His Pro Asp Ile Asn Leu Ile Leu Ala 180 185 190 Thr Gly Gly Pro Gly Met Val Lys Ala Ala Tyr Ser Ser Gly Lys Pro 195 200 205 Ala Ile Gly Val Gly Ala Gly Asn Thr Pro Val Val Ile Asp Glu Thr 210 215 220 Ala Asp Ile Lys Arg Ala Val Ala Ser Val Leu Met Ser Lys Thr Phe 225 230 235 240 Asp Asn Gly Val Ile Cys Ala Ser Glu Gln Ser Val Val Val Val Asp 245 250 255 Ser Val Tyr Asp Ala Val Arg Glu Arg Phe Ala Thr His Gly Gly Tyr 260 265 270 Leu Leu Gln Gly Lys Glu Leu Lys Ala Val Gln Asp Val Ile Leu Lys 275 280 285 Asn Gly Ala Leu Asn Ala Ala Ile Val Gly Gln Pro Ala Tyr Lys Ile 290 295 300 Ala Glu Leu Ala Gly Phe Ser Val Pro Glu Asn Thr Lys Ile Leu Ile 305 310 315 320 Gly Glu Val Thr Val Val Asp Glu Ser Glu Pro Phe Ala His Glu Lys 325 330 335 Leu Ser Pro Thr Leu Ala Met Tyr Arg Ala Lys Asp Phe Glu Asp Ala 340 345 350 Val Glu Lys Ala Glu Lys Leu Val Ala Met Gly Gly Ile Gly His Thr 355 360 365 Ser Cys Leu Tyr Thr Asp Gln Asp Asn Gln Pro Ala Arg Val Ser Tyr 370 375 380 Phe Gly Gln Lys Met Lys Thr Ala Arg Ile Leu Ile Asn Thr Pro Ala 385 390 395 400 Ser Gln Gly Gly Ile Gly Asp Leu Tyr Asn Phe Lys Leu Ala Pro Ser 405 410 415 Leu Thr Leu Gly Cys Gly Ser Trp Gly Gly Asn Ser Ile Ser Glu Asn 420 425 430 Val Gly Pro Lys His Leu Ile Asn Lys Lys Thr Val Ala Lys Arg Ala 435 440 445 Glu Asn Met Leu Trp His Lys Leu Pro Lys Ser Ile Tyr Phe Arg Arg 450 455 460 Gly Ser Leu Pro Ile Ala Leu Asp Glu Val Ile Thr Asp Gly His Lys 465 470 475 480 Arg Ala Leu Ile Val Thr Asp Arg Phe Leu Phe Asn Asn Gly Tyr Ala 485 490 495 Asp Gln Ile Thr Ser Val Leu Lys Ala Ala Gly Val Glu Thr Glu Val 500 505 510 Phe Phe Glu Val Glu Ala Asp Pro Thr Leu Ser Ile Val Arg Lys Gly 515 520 525 Ala Glu Leu Ala Asn Ser Phe Lys Pro Asp Val Ile Ile Ala Leu Gly 530 535 540 Gly Gly Ser Pro Met Asp Ala Ala Lys Ile Met Trp Val Met Tyr Glu 545 550 555 560 His Pro Glu Thr His Phe Glu Glu Leu Ala Leu Arg Phe Met Asp Ile 565 570 575 Arg Lys Arg Ile Tyr Lys Phe Pro Lys Met Gly Val Lys Ala Lys Met 580 585 590 Ile Ala Val Thr Thr Thr Ser Gly Thr Gly Ser Glu Val Thr Pro Phe 595 600 605 Ala Val Val Thr Asp Asp Ala Thr Gly Gln Lys Tyr Pro Leu Ala Asp 610 615 620 Tyr Ala Leu Thr Pro Asp Met Ala Ile Val Asp Ala Asn Leu Val Met 625 630 635 640 Asp Met Pro Lys Ser Leu Cys Ala Phe Gly Gly Leu Asp Ala Val Thr 645 650 655 His Ala Met Glu Ala Tyr Val Ser Val Leu Ala Ser Glu Phe Ser Asp 660 665 670 Gly Gln Ala Leu Gln Ala Leu Lys Leu Leu Lys Glu Tyr Leu Pro Ala 675 680 685 Ser Tyr His Glu Gly Ser Lys Asn Pro Val Ala Arg Glu Arg Val His 690 695 700 Ser Ala Ala Thr Ile Ala Gly Ile Ala Phe Ala Asn Ala Phe Leu Gly 705 710 715 720 Val Cys His Ser Met Ala His Lys Leu Gly Ser Gln Phe His Ile Pro 725 730 735 His Gly Leu Ala Asn Ala Leu Leu Ile Cys Asn Val Ile Arg Tyr Asn 740 745 750 Ala Asn Asp Asn Pro Thr Lys Gln Thr Ala Phe Ser Gln Tyr Asp Arg 755 760 765 Pro Gln Ala Arg Arg Arg Tyr Ala Glu Ile Ala Asp His Leu Gly Leu 770 775 780 Ser Ala Pro Gly Asp Arg Thr Ala Ala Lys Ile Glu Lys Leu Leu Ala 785 790 795 800 Trp Leu Glu Thr Leu Lys Ala Glu Leu Gly Ile Pro Lys Ser Ile Arg 805 810 815 Glu Ala Gly Val Gln Glu Ala Asp Phe Leu Ala Asn Val Asp Lys Leu 820 825 830 Ser Glu Asp Ala Phe Asp Asp Gln Cys Thr Gly Ala Asn Pro Arg Tyr 835 840 845 Pro Leu Ile Ser Glu Leu Lys Gln Ile Leu Leu Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Gly 850 855 860 Arg Asp Tyr Val Glu Gly Glu Thr Ala Ala Lys Lys Glu Ala Ala Pro 865 870 875 880 Ala Lys Ala Glu Lys Lys Ala Lys Lys Ser Ala 885 890 11 862 PRT Clostridium acetobutylicum 11 Met Lys Val Thr Thr Val Lys Glu Leu Asp Glu Lys Leu Lys Val Ile 1 5 10 15 Lys Glu Ala Gln Lys Lys Phe Ser Cys Tyr Ser Gln Glu Met Val Asp 20 25 30 Glu Ile Phe Arg Asn Ala Ala Met Ala Ala Ile Asp Ala Arg Ile Glu 35 40 45 Leu Ala Lys Ala Ala Val Leu Glu Thr Gly Met Gly Leu Val Glu Asp 50 55 60 Lys Val Ile Lys Asn His Phe Ala Gly Glu Tyr Ile Tyr Asn Lys Tyr 65 70 75 80 Lys Asp Glu Lys Thr Cys Gly Ile Ile Glu Arg Asn Glu Pro Tyr Gly 85 90 95 Ile Thr Lys Ile Ala Glu Pro Ile Gly Val Val Ala Ala Ile Ile Pro 100 105 110 Val Thr Asn Pro Thr Ser Thr Thr Ile Phe Lys Ser Leu Ile Ser Leu 115 120 125 Lys Thr Arg Asn Gly Ile Phe Phe Ser Pro His Pro Arg Ala Lys Lys 130 135 140 Ser Thr Ile Leu Ala Ala Lys Thr Ile Leu Asp Ala Ala Val Lys Ser 145 150 155 160 Gly Ala Pro Glu Asn Ile Ile Gly Trp Ile Asp Glu Pro Ser Ile Glu 165 170 175 Leu Thr Gln Tyr Leu Met Gln Lys Ala Asp Ile Thr Leu Ala Thr Gly 180 185 190 Gly Pro Ser Leu Val Lys Ser Ala Tyr Ser Ser Gly Lys Pro Ala Ile 195 200 205 Gly Val Gly Pro Gly Asn Thr Pro Val Ile Ile Asp Glu Ser Ala His 210 215 220 Ile Lys Met Ala Val Ser Ser Ile Ile Leu Ser Lys Thr Tyr Asp Asn 225 230 235 240 Gly Val Ile Cys Ala Ser Glu Gln Ser Val Ile Val Leu Lys Ser Ile 245 250 255 Tyr Asn Lys Val Lys Asp Glu Phe Gln Glu Arg Gly Ala Tyr Ile Ile 260 265 270 Lys Lys Asn Glu Leu Asp Lys Val Arg Glu Val Ile Phe Lys Asp Gly 275 280 285 Ser Val Asn Pro Lys Ile Val Gly Gln Ser Ala Tyr Thr Ile Ala Ala 290 295 300 Met Ala Gly Ile Lys Val Pro Lys Thr Thr Arg Ile Leu Ile Gly Glu 305 310 315 320 Val Thr Ser Leu Gly Glu Glu Glu Pro Phe Ala His Glu Lys Leu Ser 325 330 335 Pro Val Leu Ala Met Tyr Glu Ala Asp Asn Phe Asp Asp Ala Leu Lys 340 345 350 Lys Ala Val Thr Leu Ile Asn Leu Gly Gly Leu Gly His Thr Ser Gly 355 360 365 Ile Tyr Ala Asp Glu Ile Lys Ala Arg Asp Lys Ile Asp Arg Phe Ser 370 375 380 Ser Ala Met Lys Thr Val Arg Thr Phe Val Asn Ile Pro Thr Ser Gln 385 390 395 400 Gly Ala Ser Gly Asp Leu Tyr Asn Phe Arg Ile Pro Pro Ser Phe Thr 405 410 415 Leu Gly Cys Gly Phe Trp Gly Gly Asn Ser Val Ser Glu Asn Val Gly 420 425 430 Pro Lys His Leu Leu Asn Ile Lys Thr Val Ala Glu Arg Arg Glu Asn 435 440 445 Met Leu Trp Phe Arg Val Pro His Lys Val Tyr Phe Lys Phe Gly Cys 450 455 460 Leu Gln Phe Ala Leu Lys Asp Leu Lys Asp Leu Lys Lys Lys Arg Ala 465 470 475 480 Phe Ile Val Thr Asp Ser Asp Pro Tyr Asn Leu Asn Tyr Val Asp Ser 485 490 495 Ile Ile Lys Ile Leu Glu His Leu Asp Ile Asp Phe Lys Val Phe Asn 500 505 510 Lys Val Gly Arg Glu Ala Asp Leu Lys Thr Ile Lys Lys Ala Thr Glu 515 520 525 Glu Met Ser Ser Phe Met Pro Asp Thr Ile Ile Ala Leu Gly Gly Thr 530 535 540 Pro Glu Met Ser Ser Ala Lys Leu Met Trp Val Leu Tyr Glu His Pro 545 550 555 560 Glu Val Lys Phe Glu Asp Leu Ala Ile Lys Phe Met Asp Ile Arg Lys 565 570 575 Arg Ile Tyr Thr Phe Pro Lys Leu Gly Lys Lys Ala Met Leu Val Ala 580 585 590 Ile Thr Thr Ser Ala Gly Ser Gly Ser Glu Val Thr Pro Phe Ala Leu 595 600 605 Val Thr Asp Asn Asn Thr Gly Asn Lys Tyr Met Leu Ala Asp Tyr Glu 610 615 620 Met Thr Pro Asn Met Ala Ile Val Asp Ala Glu Leu Met Met Lys Met 625 630 635 640 Pro Lys Gly Leu Thr Ala Tyr Ser Gly Ile Asp Ala Leu Val Asn Ser 645 650 655 Ile Glu Ala Tyr Thr Ser Val Tyr Ala Ser Glu Tyr Thr Asn Gly Leu 660 665 670 Ala Leu Glu Ala Ile Arg Leu Ile Phe Lys Tyr Leu Pro Glu Ala Tyr 675 680 685 Lys Asn Gly Arg Thr Asn Glu Lys Ala Arg Glu Lys Met Ala His Ala 690 695 700 Ser Thr Met Ala Gly Met Ala Ser Ala Asn Ala Phe Leu Gly Leu Cys 705 710 715 720 His Ser Met Ala Ile Lys Leu Ser Ser Glu His Asn Ile Pro Ser Gly 725 730 735 Ile Ala Asn Ala Leu Leu Ile Glu Glu Val Ile Lys Phe Asn Ala Val 740 745 750 Asp Asn Pro Val Lys Gln Ala Pro Cys Pro Gln Tyr Lys Tyr Pro Asn 755 760 765 Thr Ile Phe Arg Tyr Ala Arg Ile Ala Asp Tyr Ile Lys Leu Gly Gly 770 775 780 Asn Thr Asp Glu Glu Lys Val Asp Leu Leu Ile Asn Lys Ile His Glu 785 790 795 800 Leu Lys Lys Ala Leu Asn Ile Pro Thr Ser Ile Lys Asp Ala Gly Val 805 810 815 Leu Glu Glu Asn Phe Tyr Ser Ser Leu Asp Arg Ile Ser Glu Leu Ala 820 825 830 Leu Asp Asp Gln Cys Thr Gly Ala Asn Pro Arg Phe Pro Leu Thr Ser 835 840 845 Glu Ile Lys Glu Met Tyr Ile Asn Cys Phe Lys Lys Gln Pro 850 855 860 12 1470 DNA Lactococcus lactis 12 taccaaggag ctggtcacaa cgctgcaatt caaatcggtg caatggacga cccatttgtc 60 aaagaatacg gaattaaagt cgaagcttct cgtatcctcg ttaaccaacc tgactctatc 120 ggtggggtcg gagatattta tactgatgca atgcgtccat cattgacgct cggaactggt 180 tcatggggga aaaattcact ttcacacaat ttgagtacat acgatctatt gaatgttaaa 240 acagtggcta aacgtcgtaa tcgccctcaa tgggttcgtt tgccaaaaga aatttactac 300 gaaaaaaatg caatttctta cttacaagaa ttgccacacg tccacaaagc tttcattgtt 360 gccgaccctg gtatggttaa attcggtttc gttgataaag ttttggaaca acttgctatc 420 cgcccaactc aagttgaaac aagcatttat ggctcagtcc aacctgaccc aactttgagt 480 gaagcaattg caatcgctcg tcaaatgaac cattttgaac ctgacactgt catctgtctt 540 ggtggtggtt ctgctctcga tgctggtaag attggtcgtt tgatttatga atatgatgct 600 cgtggtgagg ctgacctttc cgatgacgca agtttgaaag agatcttcca agagttagct 660 caaaaatttg ttgatattcg taaacgtatt atcaaattct accacccaca caaagcacaa 720 atggttgcta tccctactac ttctggtact ggttctgaag tgactccatt tgcggttatc 780 actgatgatg aaactcacgt taaatatcca cttgctgact atcaattgac acctcaagtt 840 gccattgttg accctgagtt tgttatgact gtaccaaaac gtactgtttc ttggtctggg 900 attgatgcta tgtcacacgc gcttgaatct tatgtttctg tcatgtcttc tgactataca 960 aaaccaattt cacttcaagc catcaaactc atctttgaaa acttgactga gtcttatcat 1020 tatgacccag ctcatccaac caaagaaggt caaaaagctc gcgaaaacat gcacaatgct 1080 gcaacactcg ctggtatggc cttcgccaat gctttccttg gaattaacca ctcacttgct 1140 cataaaattg ctggtgaatt tgggcttcct catggtcttg ccattgctat cgctatgcca 1200 catgtcatta aatttaacgc tgtaacagga aacgttaaat ttacccctta cccacgttat 1260 gaaacttatc gtgcgcaaga agactacgct gaaatttcac gcttcatggg atttgctggc 1320 aaagaagatt cagatgaaaa agcggtcaaa gcttttgttg ctgaacttaa aaaattgact 1380 gatagtattg atattaatat caccctttca ggaaatggtg tagataaagc tcaccttgaa 1440 cgtgagcttg ataaattggc tgaccttgtt 1470 13 3193 DNA Lactococcus lactis 13 aagcttgtta caaaaccgtt ttctaaactt ttgatgagtg tttttgtaaa aactatcaca 60 atattgcttg acatctataa aaaactttgt taaactattc acgtaaaaga aagtgaatga 120 agtcacaaag gagaacctac aaatatggca actaaaaaag ccgctccagc tgcaaagaaa 180 gttttaagcg ctgaagaaaa agccgcaaaa ttccaagaag ctgttgctta tactgacaaa 240 ttagtcaaaa aagcacaagc tgctgttctt aaatttgaag gatatacaca aactcaagtc 300 gatactattg tcgctgcaat ggctcttgca gcaagcaaac attctctaga actcgctcat 360 gaagccgtta acgaaactgg tcgtggtgtt gtcgaagaca aagataccaa aaaccacttt 420 gcttctgaat ctgtttataa cgcaattaaa aatgacaaaa ctgttggtgt catttctgaa 480 aacaaggttg ctggatctgt tgaaatcgca agccctctcg gtgtacttgc tggtatcgtt 540 ccaacgacta atccaacatc aacagcaatc tttaaatctt tattgactgc aaaaacacgt 600 aatgctattg ttttcgcttt ccaccctcaa gctcaaaaat gttcaagcca tgcagcaaaa 660 attgtttacg atgctgcaat tgaagctggt gcaccggaag actttattca atggattgaa 720 gtaccaagcc ttgacatgac taccgccttg attcaaaacc gtggacttgc aacaatcctt 780 gcaactggtg gcccaggaat ggtaaacgcc gcactcaaat ctggtaaccc ttcactcggt 840 gttggagctg gtaatggtgc tgtttatgtt gatgcaactg caaatattga acgtgccgtt 900 gaagaccttt tgctttcaaa acgttttgat aatgggatga tttgtgccac tgaaaattca 960 gctgttattg atgcttcagt ttatgatgaa tttattgcta aaatgcaaga acaaggcgct 1020 tatatggttc ctaaaaaaga ctacaaagct attgaaagtt tcgtttttgt tgaacgtgct 1080 ggtgaaggtt ttggagtaac tggtcctgtt gccggtcgtt ctggtcaatg gattgctgaa 1140 caagctggtg tcaaagttcc taaagataaa gatgtccttc tttttgaact tgataagaaa 1200 aatattggtg aagcactttc ttctgaaaaa ctttctcctt tgctttcaat ctacaaagct 1260 gaaacacgtg aagaaggaat tgagattgta cgtagcttac ttgcttatca aggtgctgga 1320 cataatgctg caattcaaat cggtgcaatg gatgatccat tcgttaaaga atatggcgaa 1380 aaagttgaag cttctcgtat cctcgttaac caaccagatt ctattggtgg ggtcggagat 1440 atctatactg atgcaatgcg tccatcactt acacttggaa ctggttcatg ggggaaaaat 1500 tcactttcac acaatttgag tacatacgat ctattgaatg ttaaaacagt ggctaaacgt 1560 cgtaatcgcc cacaatgggt tcgtttgcca aaagaaattt actacgaaaa aaatgcaatt 1620 tcttacttac aagaattgcc acacgtccac aaagctttca tcgttgctga ccctggtatg 1680 gttaaatttg gtttcgttga taaagttttg gaacaacttg ctatccgccc aactcaagtt 1740 gaaacaagca tttatggctc tgttcaacct gacccaactt tgagcgaagc aattgcaatc 1800 gctcgtcaaa tgaaacaatt tgaacctgac actgtcatct gtcttggtgg tggttctgct 1860 ctcgatgccg gtaagattgg tcgtttgatt tatgaatatg atgctcgtgg tgaagctgac 1920 ctttctgatg atgcaagttt gaaagaactt ttccaagaat tagctcaaaa atttgtcgat 1980 attcgtaaac gtattattaa attctaccat ccacataaag cacaaatggt tgcaattcct 2040 actacttctg gtactggttc tgaagtgact ccatttgcag ttatcactga tgatgaaact 2100 catgttaagt acccacttgc tgactaccaa ttaacaccac aagttgccat tgttgaccct 2160 gagtttgtta tgactgtacc aaaacgtact gtttcttggt ctggtattga tgcgatgtca 2220 cacgcgcttg aatcttacgt ttctgttatg tcttctgact atacaaaacc aatttcactt 2280 caagcgatca aacttatctt tgaaaacttg actgagtctt atcattatga cccagcgcat 2340 ccaactaaag aaggacaaaa agcccgcgaa aacatgcaca atgctgcaac actcgctggt 2400 atggccttcg ctaatgcttt ccttggaatt aaccactcac ttgctcataa aattggtggt 2460 gaatttggac ttcctcatgg tcttgccatt gccatcgcta tgccacatgt cattaaattt 2520 aacgctgtaa caggaaacgt taaacgtacc ccttacccac gttatgaaac atatcgtgct 2580 caagaggact acgctgaaat ttcacgcttc atgggatttg ctggtaaaga tgattcagat 2640 gaaaaagctg tgcaagctct ggttgctgaa cttaagaaac tgactgatag cattgatatt 2700 aatatcaccc tttcaggaaa tggtatcgat aaagctcacc ttgaacgtga acttgataaa 2760 ttggctgacc ttgtttatga tgatcaatgt actcctgcta atcctcgtca accaagaatt 2820 gatgagatta aacagttgtt gttagatcaa tactaataat ctgttgataa aattattaaa 2880 acgctctgat gaattcgtca gagcattttt tattatagct tatacaacta tcaaaaggta 2940 taaatcaatt tcgatatagg ctcttttcac tccattgatt tatgcatttc tataaaaatc 3000 aataattaat tagcgataga agtcgagttc atgcatgcta ataatgaaat tgttttaaat 3060 tctggttttt ctttatgttc tttgcgaaca tctttcacag tttctttgtt catgaaaatt 3120 cctccttatt atggtactat tttgagccca aatagttata taagaatcct aaacttcgga 3180 tatcttatca aag 3193 14 758 PRT Escherichia coli 14 Ser Glu Leu Asn Glu Lys Leu Ala Thr Ala Trp Glu Gly Phe Thr Lys 1 5 10 15 Gly Asp Trp Gln Asn Glu Val Asn Val Arg Asp Phe Ile Gln Lys Asn 20 25 30 Tyr Thr Pro Tyr Glu Gly Asp Glu Ser Phe Leu Ala Gly Ala Thr Glu 35 40 45 Ala Thr Thr Thr Leu Trp Asp Lys Val Met Glu Gly Val Lys Leu Glu 50 55 60 Asn Arg Thr His Ala Pro Val Asp Phe Asp Thr Ala Val Ala Ser Thr 65 70 75 80 Ile Thr Ser His Asp Ala Gly Tyr Ile Asn Lys Gln Leu Glu Lys Ile 85 90 95 Val Gly Leu Gln Thr Glu Ala Pro Leu Lys Arg Ala Leu Ile Pro Phe 100 105 110 Gly Gly Ile Lys Met Ile Glu Gly Ser Cys Lys Ala Tyr Asn Arg Glu 115 120 125 Leu Asp Pro Met Ile Lys Lys Ile Phe Thr Glu Tyr Arg Lys Thr His 130 135 140 Asn Gln Gly Val Phe Asp Val Tyr Thr Pro Asp Ile Leu Arg Cys Arg 145 150 155 160 Lys Ser Gly Val Leu Thr Gly Leu Pro Asp Ala Tyr Gly Arg Gly Arg 165 170 175 Ile Ile Gly Asp Tyr Arg Arg Val Ala Leu Tyr Gly Ile Asp Tyr Leu 180 185 190 Met Lys Asp Lys Leu Ala Gln Phe Thr Ser Leu Gln Ala Asp Leu Glu 195 200 205 Asn Gly Val Asn Leu Glu Gln Thr Ile Arg Leu Arg Glu Glu Ile Ala 210 215 220 Glu Gln His Arg Ala Leu Gly Gln Met Lys Glu Met Ala Ala Lys Tyr 225 230 235 240 Gly Tyr Asp Ile Ser Gly Pro Ala Thr Asn Ala Gln Glu Ala Ile Gln 245 250 255 Trp Thr Tyr Phe Gly Tyr Leu Ala Ala Val Lys Ser Gln Asn Gly Ala 260 265 270 Ala Met Ser Phe Gly Arg Thr Ser Thr Phe Leu Asp Val Tyr Ile Glu 275 280 285 Arg Asp Leu Lys Ala Gly Lys Ile Thr Glu Gln Glu Ala Gln Glu Met 290 295 300 Val Asp His Leu Val Met Lys Leu Arg Met Val Arg Phe Leu Arg Thr 305 310 315 320 Pro Glu Tyr Asp Glu Leu Phe Ser Gly Asp Pro Ile Trp Ala Thr Glu 325 330 335 Ser Ile Gly Gly Met Gly Leu Asp Gly Arg Thr Leu Val Thr Lys Asn 340 345 350 Ser Phe Arg Phe Leu Asn Thr Leu Tyr Thr Met Gly Pro Ser Pro Glu 355 360 365 Pro Asn Met Thr Ile Leu Trp Ser Glu Lys Leu Pro Leu Asn Phe Lys 370 375 380 Lys Phe Ala Ala Lys Val Ser Ile Asp Thr Ser Ser Leu Gln Tyr Glu 385 390 395 400 Asn Asp Asp Leu Met Arg Pro Asp Phe Asn Asn Asp Asp Tyr Ala Ile 405 410 415 Ala Cys Cys Val Ser Pro Met Ile Val Gly Lys Gln Met Gln Phe Phe 420 425 430 Gly Ala Arg Ala Asn Leu Ala Lys Thr Met Leu Tyr Ala Ile Asn Gly 435 440 445 Gly Val Asp Glu Lys Leu Lys Met Gln Val Gly Pro Lys Ser Glu Pro 450 455 460 Ile Lys Gly Asp Val Leu Asn Tyr Asp Glu Val Met Glu Arg Met Asp 465 470 475 480 His Phe Met Asp Trp Leu Ala Lys Gln Tyr Ile Thr Ala Leu Asn Ile 485 490 495 Ile His Tyr Met His Asp Lys Tyr Ser Tyr Glu Ala Ser Leu Met Ala 500 505 510 Leu His Asp Arg Asp Val Ile Arg Thr Met Ala Cys Gly Ile Ala Gly 515 520 525 Leu Ser Val Ala Ala Asp Ser Leu Ser Ala Ile Lys Tyr Ala Lys Val 530 535 540 Lys Pro Ile Arg Asp Glu Asp Gly Leu Ala Ile Asp Phe Glu Ile Glu 545 550 555 560 Gly Glu Tyr Pro Gln Phe Gly Asn Asn Asp Pro Arg Val Asp Asp Leu 565 570 575 Ala Val Asp Leu Val Glu Arg Phe Met Lys Lys Ile Gln Lys Leu His 580 585 590 Thr Tyr Arg Asp Ala Ile Pro Thr Gln Ser Val Leu Thr Ile Thr Ser 595 600 605 Asn Val Val Tyr Gly Lys Lys Thr Gly Asn Thr Pro Asp Gly Arg Arg 610 615 620 Ala Gly Ala Pro Phe Gly Pro Gly Ala Asn Pro Met His Gly Arg Asp 625 630 635 640 Gln Lys Gly Ala Val Ala Ser Leu Thr Ser Val Ala Lys Leu Pro Phe 645 650 655 Ala Tyr Ala Lys Asp Gly Ile Ser Tyr Thr Phe Ser Ile Val Pro Asn 660 665 670 Ala Leu Gly Lys Asp Asp Glu Val Arg Lys Thr Asn Leu Ala Gly Leu 675 680 685 Met Asp Gly Tyr Phe His His Glu Ala Ser Ile Glu Gly Gly Gln His 690 695 700 Leu Asn Val Asn Val Met Asn Arg Glu Met Leu Leu Asp Ala Met Glu 705 710 715 720 Asn Pro Glu Lys Tyr Pro Gln Leu Thr Ile Arg Val Ser Gly Tyr Ala 725 730 735 Val Arg Phe Asn Ser Leu Thr Lys Glu Gln Gln Gln Asp Val Ile Thr 740 745 750 Arg Thr Phe Thr Gln Ser 755 15 3412 DNA Lactococcus lactis CDS (80)..(2440) 15 gaattctgtt tgctattctc aaactgtatg atataatgaa gttgtaattt gaaacagaaa 60 gaacaaagga gatttcaaa atg aaa acc gaa gtt acg gaa aat atc ttt gaa 112 Met Lys Thr Glu Val Thr Glu Asn Ile Phe Glu 1 5 10 caa gct tgg gat ggt ttt aaa gga acc aac tgg cgc gat aaa gca agc 160 Gln Ala Trp Asp Gly Phe Lys Gly Thr Asn Trp Arg Asp Lys Ala Ser 15 20 25 gtt act cgc ttt gta caa gaa aac tac aaa cca tat gat ggt gat gaa 208 Val Thr Arg Phe Val Gln Glu Asn Tyr Lys Pro Tyr Asp Gly Asp Glu 30 35 40 agc ttt ctt gct ggg cca aca gaa cgt aca ctt aaa gta aag aaa att 256 Ser Phe Leu Ala Gly Pro Thr Glu Arg Thr Leu Lys Val Lys Lys Ile 45 50 55 att gaa gat aca aaa aat cac tac gaa gaa gta gga ttt ccc ttc gat 304 Ile Glu Asp Thr Lys Asn His Tyr Glu Glu Val Gly Phe Pro Phe Asp 60 65 70 75 act gac cgc gta acc tct att gat aaa atc cct gct gga tat atc gat 352 Thr Asp Arg Val Thr Ser Ile Asp Lys Ile Pro Ala Gly Tyr Ile Asp 80 85 90 gct aat gat aaa gaa ctt gaa ctc atc tat ggg atg caa aat agc gaa 400 Ala Asn Asp Lys Glu Leu Glu Leu Ile Tyr Gly Met Gln Asn Ser Glu 95 100 105 ctt ttc cgc ttg aat ttc atg cca aga ggt gga ctt cgt gtt gct gaa 448 Leu Phe Arg Leu Asn Phe Met Pro Arg Gly Gly Leu Arg Val Ala Glu 110 115 120 aag att ttg aca gaa cac ggt ctc tca gtt gac cca ggc ttg cat gat 496 Lys Ile Leu Thr Glu His Gly Leu Ser Val Asp Pro Gly Leu His Asp 125 130 135 gtt ttg tca caa aca atg act tct gta aat gat gga atc ttt cgt gct 544 Val Leu Ser Gln Thr Met Thr Ser Val Asn Asp Gly Ile Phe Arg Ala 140 145 150 155 tat act tca gca att cgt aaa gca cgt cat gct cat act gta aca ggt 592 Tyr Thr Ser Ala Ile Arg Lys Ala Arg His Ala His Thr Val Thr Gly 160 165 170 ttg cca gat gct tac tct cgt gga cgt atc att ggt gtc tat gca cgt 640 Leu Pro Asp Ala Tyr Ser Arg Gly Arg Ile Ile Gly Val Tyr Ala Arg 175 180 185 ctt gcc ctt tac ggt gct gat tac ctt atg aag gaa aaa gca aaa gaa 688 Leu Ala Leu Tyr Gly Ala Asp Tyr Leu Met Lys Glu Lys Ala Lys Glu 190 195 200 tgg gat gca atc act gaa att aac gaa gaa aac att cgt ctt aaa gaa 736 Trp Asp Ala Ile Thr Glu Ile Asn Glu Glu Asn Ile Arg Leu Lys Glu 205 210 215 gaa att aat atg caa tac caa gct ttg caa gaa gtt gta aac ttt ggt 784 Glu Ile Asn Met Gln Tyr Gln Ala Leu Gln Glu Val Val Asn Phe Gly 220 225 230 235 gcc tta tat ggt ctt gat gtt tca cgt cca gct atg aac gta aaa gaa 832 Ala Leu Tyr Gly Leu Asp Val Ser Arg Pro Ala Met Asn Val Lys Glu 240 245 250 gca atc caa tgg gtt aac atc gct tat atg gca gta tgt cgt gtc att 880 Ala Ile Gln Trp Val Asn Ile Ala Tyr Met Ala Val Cys Arg Val Ile 255 260 265 aat gga gct gca act tca ctt gga cgt gtt cca atc gtt ctt gat atc 928 Asn Gly Ala Ala Thr Ser Leu Gly Arg Val Pro Ile Val Leu Asp Ile 270 275 280 ttt gca gaa cgt gac ctt gct cgt gga aca ttt act gaa caa gaa att 976 Phe Ala Glu Arg Asp Leu Ala Arg Gly Thr Phe Thr Glu Gln Glu Ile 285 290 295 caa gaa ttt gtt gat gat ttc gtt ttg aag ctt cgt aca atg aaa ttt 1024 Gln Glu Phe Val Asp Asp Phe Val Leu Lys Leu Arg Thr Met Lys Phe 300 305 310 315 gct cgt gca gct gct tat gat gaa ctt tat tct ggt gac cca aca ttc 1072 Ala Arg Ala Ala Ala Tyr Asp Glu Leu Tyr Ser Gly Asp Pro Thr Phe 320 325 330 atc aca aca tct atg gct ggt atg ggt aat gac gga cgt cac cgt gtc 1120 Ile Thr Thr Ser Met Ala Gly Met Gly Asn Asp Gly Arg His Arg Val 335 340 345 act aaa atg gac tac cgt ttc ttg aac aca ctt gat aca atc gga aat 1168 Thr Lys Met Asp Tyr Arg Phe Leu Asn Thr Leu Asp Thr Ile Gly Asn 350 355 360 gct cca gaa cca aac ttg aca gtc ctt tgg gat tct aaa ctt cct tac 1216 Ala Pro Glu Pro Asn Leu Thr Val Leu Trp Asp Ser Lys Leu Pro Tyr 365 370 375 tca ttc aaa cgt tat tca atg tct atg agc cac aag cat tct tct att 1264 Ser Phe Lys Arg Tyr Ser Met Ser Met Ser His Lys His Ser Ser Ile 380 385 390 395 caa tat gaa ggt gtt gaa aca atg gct aaa gat gga tat ggc gaa atg 1312 Gln Tyr Glu Gly Val Glu Thr Met Ala Lys Asp Gly Tyr Gly Glu Met 400 405 410 tca tgt atc tct tgt tgt gtc tca cca ctt gat cca gaa aat gaa gaa 1360 Ser Cys Ile Ser Cys Cys Val Ser Pro Leu Asp Pro Glu Asn Glu Glu 415 420 425 gga cgt cat aac ctc caa tac ttt ggt gcg cgt gta aac gtc ttg aaa 1408 Gly Arg His Asn Leu Gln Tyr Phe Gly Ala Arg Val Asn Val Leu Lys 430 435 440 gca atg ttg act ggt ttg aac ggt ggt tat gat gac gtt cat aaa gat 1456 Ala Met Leu Thr Gly Leu Asn Gly Gly Tyr Asp Asp Val His Lys Asp 445 450 455 tat aaa gta ttc gac atc gaa cct gtt cgt gac gaa att ctt gac tat 1504 Tyr Lys Val Phe Asp Ile Glu Pro Val Arg Asp Glu Ile Leu Asp Tyr 460 465 470 475 gat aca gtt atg gaa aac ttt gac aaa tct ctc gac tgg ttg act gat 1552 Asp Thr Val Met Glu Asn Phe Asp Lys Ser Leu Asp Trp Leu Thr Asp 480 485 490 act tat gtt gat gca atg aat atc att cat tac atg act gat aaa tat 1600 Thr Tyr Val Asp Ala Met Asn Ile Ile His Tyr Met Thr Asp Lys Tyr 495 500 505 aac tat gaa gca gtt caa atg gcc ttc ttg cct act aaa gtt cgt gct 1648 Asn Tyr Glu Ala Val Gln Met Ala Phe Leu Pro Thr Lys Val Arg Ala 510 515 520 aac atg gga ttt ggt atc tgt gga ttc gca aat aca gtt gat tca ctt 1696 Asn Met Gly Phe Gly Ile Cys Gly Phe Ala Asn Thr Val Asp Ser Leu 525 530 535 tca gca att aaa tat gct aaa gtt aaa aca ttg cgt gat gaa aat ggc 1744 Ser Ala Ile Lys Tyr Ala Lys Val Lys Thr Leu Arg Asp Glu Asn Gly 540 545 550 555 tat atc tac gat tac gaa gta gaa ggt gat ttc cct cgt tat ggt gaa 1792 Tyr Ile Tyr Asp Tyr Glu Val Glu Gly Asp Phe Pro Arg Tyr Gly Glu 560 565 570 gat gat gat cgt gct gat gat att gct aaa ctt gtc atg aaa atg tac 1840 Asp Asp Asp Arg Ala Asp Asp Ile Ala Lys Leu Val Met Lys Met Tyr 575 580 585 cat gaa aaa tta gct tca cac aaa ctt tac aaa aat gct gaa gct act 1888 His Glu Lys Leu Ala Ser His Lys Leu Tyr Lys Asn Ala Glu Ala Thr 590 595 600 gtt tca ctt ttg aca att aca tct aac gtt gct tac tct aaa caa act 1936 Val Ser Leu Leu Thr Ile Thr Ser Asn Val Ala Tyr Ser Lys Gln Thr 605 610 615 ggt aat tct cca gta cat aaa gga gta ttc ctc aat gaa gat ggt aca 1984 Gly Asn Ser Pro Val His Lys Gly Val Phe Leu Asn Glu Asp Gly Thr 620 625 630 635 gta aat aaa tct aaa ctt gaa ttc ttc tca cca ggt gct aac cca tct 2032 Val Asn Lys Ser Lys Leu Glu Phe Phe Ser Pro Gly Ala Asn Pro Ser 640 645 650 aat aaa gct aag ggt ggt tgg ttg caa aac ctt cgc tca ttg gct aag 2080 Asn Lys Ala Lys Gly Gly Trp Leu Gln Asn Leu Arg Ser Leu Ala Lys 655 660 665 ttg gaa ttc aaa gat gca aat gat ggt att tca ttg act act caa gtt 2128 Leu Glu Phe Lys Asp Ala Asn Asp Gly Ile Ser Leu Thr Thr Gln Val 670 675 680 tca cct cgt gca ctt ggt aaa act cgt gat gaa caa gtg gat aac ttg 2176 Ser Pro Arg Ala Leu Gly Lys Thr Arg Asp Glu Gln Val Asp Asn Leu 685 690 695 gtt caa att ctt gat gga tac ttc aca cca ggt gct ttg att aat ggt 2224 Val Gln Ile Leu Asp Gly Tyr Phe Thr Pro Gly Ala Leu Ile Asn Gly 700 705 710 715 act gaa ttt gca ggt caa cac gtt aac ttg aac gta atg gac ctt aaa 2272 Thr Glu Phe Ala Gly Gln His Val Asn Leu Asn Val Met Asp Leu Lys 720 725 730 gat gtt tac gat aaa atc atg cgt ggt gaa gat gtt atc gtt cgt atc 2320 Asp Val Tyr Asp Lys Ile Met Arg Gly Glu Asp Val Ile Val Arg Ile 735 740 745 tct ggt tac tgt gtc aat act aaa tac ctc aca cca gaa caa aaa caa 2368 Ser Gly Tyr Cys Val Asn Thr Lys Tyr Leu Thr Pro Glu Gln Lys Gln 750 755 760 gaa tta act gaa cgt gtc ttc cat gaa gtt ctt tca aac gat gat gaa 2416 Glu Leu Thr Glu Arg Val Phe His Glu Val Leu Ser Asn Asp Asp Glu 765 770 775 gaa gta atg cat act tca aac atc taattcttaa aatttaatga atattcggtc 2470 Glu Val Met His Thr Ser Asn Ile 780 785 tgtcagtact gacagacttt tttttacgaa aaaattaatc ataatagtta aaaactattg 2530 tttttagttt aagaaagtta aattttatgc taaaatagat gaatgaaaat ggtaattgga 2590 ttgacaggcg gaattgcgat gggaaatcaa cggtggttga ttttttgatt ctgagggtta 2650 tcaagtgatt gatgctgaca aagttgtccg tcaatttaca agaacctggc ggaaaacttt 2710 acaaggcaat attagaaact tacggtttag attttattgc tgacaattgg acagttaaat 2770 cgtgaaaaat taggagcttt agttttttct gattcaaaag agcgcgagaa attatcaaac 2830 ttacaagatg aaattattcg tacagaatta tatgatagac gtgatgactt attaaaaaaa 2890 atgactgaca agtctgtcag taaaaatttt gattcaaaga gtcaaggaaa aaatctgtca 2950 gtaaataagc caatatttat ggatattccg ttattaattg aatacaatta taccggattt 3010 gatgaaatat ggttggtcag cttacctgaa aaaatacaat tagaaagact gatggcaaga 3070 aataagttta cggaagaaga agctaaaaaa cgaatttctt cacaaatgcc attgtcagaa 3130 aaacaaaaag tcgctgatgt cattctggat aattctggaa agattgaagc actaaaaaaa 3190 caaatccagc gagaactagc taggatagaa gaacagaaat agaggtgaat cgcacgaaaa 3250 cagttaattg gaaaggaatt tatttataac atggattggc tgcttttttg taggttcatc 3310 attttcactc gtcatgcctt tctccccttg tatattcaag gactgggtga agcggtggga 3370 atttgaactt tactcagggt tactttttct ttgccagcct ta 3412 16 787 PRT Lactococcus lactis 16 Met Lys Thr Glu Val Thr Glu Asn Ile Phe Glu Gln Ala Trp Asp Gly 1 5 10 15 Phe Lys Gly Thr Asn Trp Arg Asp Lys Ala Ser Val Thr Arg Phe Val 20 25 30 Gln Glu Asn Tyr Lys Pro Tyr Asp Gly Asp Glu Ser Phe Leu Ala Gly 35 40 45 Pro Thr Glu Arg Thr Leu Lys Val Lys Lys Ile Ile Glu Asp Thr Lys 50 55 60 Asn His Tyr Glu Glu Val Gly Phe Pro Phe Asp Thr Asp Arg Val Thr 65 70 75 80 Ser Ile Asp Lys Ile Pro Ala Gly Tyr Ile Asp Ala Asn Asp Lys Glu 85 90 95 Leu Glu Leu Ile Tyr Gly Met Gln Asn Ser Glu Leu Phe Arg Leu Asn 100 105 110 Phe Met Pro Arg Gly Gly Leu Arg Val Ala Glu Lys Ile Leu Thr Glu 115 120 125 His Gly Leu Ser Val Asp Pro Gly Leu His Asp Val Leu Ser Gln Thr 130 135 140 Met Thr Ser Val Asn Asp Gly Ile Phe Arg Ala Tyr Thr Ser Ala Ile 145 150 155 160 Arg Lys Ala Arg His Ala His Thr Val Thr Gly Leu Pro Asp Ala Tyr 165 170 175 Ser Arg Gly Arg Ile Ile Gly Val Tyr Ala Arg Leu Ala Leu Tyr Gly 180 185 190 Ala Asp Tyr Leu Met Lys Glu Lys Ala Lys Glu Trp Asp Ala Ile Thr 195 200 205 Glu Ile Asn Glu Glu Asn Ile Arg Leu Lys Glu Glu Ile Asn Met Gln 210 215 220 Tyr Gln Ala Leu Gln Glu Val Val Asn Phe Gly Ala Leu Tyr Gly Leu 225 230 235 240 Asp Val Ser Arg Pro Ala Met Asn Val Lys Glu Ala Ile Gln Trp Val 245 250 255 Asn Ile Ala Tyr Met Ala Val Cys Arg Val Ile Asn Gly Ala Ala Thr 260 265 270 Ser Leu Gly Arg Val Pro Ile Val Leu Asp Ile Phe Ala Glu Arg Asp 275 280 285 Leu Ala Arg Gly Thr Phe Thr Glu Gln Glu Ile Gln Glu Phe Val Asp 290 295 300 Asp Phe Val Leu Lys Leu Arg Thr Met Lys Phe Ala Arg Ala Ala Ala 305 310 315 320 Tyr Asp Glu Leu Tyr Ser Gly Asp Pro Thr Phe Ile Thr Thr Ser Met 325 330 335 Ala Gly Met Gly Asn Asp Gly Arg His Arg Val Thr Lys Met Asp Tyr 340 345 350 Arg Phe Leu Asn Thr Leu Asp Thr Ile Gly Asn Ala Pro Glu Pro Asn 355 360 365 Leu Thr Val Leu Trp Asp Ser Lys Leu Pro Tyr Ser Phe Lys Arg Tyr 370 375 380 Ser Met Ser Met Ser His Lys His Ser Ser Ile Gln Tyr Glu Gly Val 385 390 395 400 Glu Thr Met Ala Lys Asp Gly Tyr Gly Glu Met Ser Cys Ile Ser Cys 405 410 415 Cys Val Ser Pro Leu Asp Pro Glu Asn Glu Glu Gly Arg His Asn Leu 420 425 430 Gln Tyr Phe Gly Ala Arg Val Asn Val Leu Lys Ala Met Leu Thr Gly 435 440 445 Leu Asn Gly Gly Tyr Asp Asp Val His Lys Asp Tyr Lys Val Phe Asp 450 455 460 Ile Glu Pro Val Arg Asp Glu Ile Leu Asp Tyr Asp Thr Val Met Glu 465 470 475 480 Asn Phe Asp Lys Ser Leu Asp Trp Leu Thr Asp Thr Tyr Val Asp Ala 485 490 495 Met Asn Ile Ile His Tyr Met Thr Asp Lys Tyr Asn Tyr Glu Ala Val 500 505 510 Gln Met Ala Phe Leu Pro Thr Lys Val Arg Ala Asn Met Gly Phe Gly 515 520 525 Ile Cys Gly Phe Ala Asn Thr Val Asp Ser Leu Ser Ala Ile Lys Tyr 530 535 540 Ala Lys Val Lys Thr Leu Arg Asp Glu Asn Gly Tyr Ile Tyr Asp Tyr 545 550 555 560 Glu Val Glu Gly Asp Phe Pro Arg Tyr Gly Glu Asp Asp Asp Arg Ala 565 570 575 Asp Asp Ile Ala Lys Leu Val Met Lys Met Tyr His Glu Lys Leu Ala 580 585 590 Ser His Lys Leu Tyr Lys Asn Ala Glu Ala Thr Val Ser Leu Leu Thr 595 600 605 Ile Thr Ser Asn Val Ala Tyr Ser Lys Gln Thr Gly Asn Ser Pro Val 610 615 620 His Lys Gly Val Phe Leu Asn Glu Asp Gly Thr Val Asn Lys Ser Lys 625 630 635 640 Leu Glu Phe Phe Ser Pro Gly Ala Asn Pro Ser Asn Lys Ala Lys Gly 645 650 655 Gly Trp Leu Gln Asn Leu Arg Ser Leu Ala Lys Leu Glu Phe Lys Asp 660 665 670 Ala Asn Asp Gly Ile Ser Leu Thr Thr Gln Val Ser Pro Arg Ala Leu 675 680 685 Gly Lys Thr Arg Asp Glu Gln Val Asp Asn Leu Val Gln Ile Leu Asp 690 695 700 Gly Tyr Phe Thr Pro Gly Ala Leu Ile Asn Gly Thr Glu Phe Ala Gly 705 710 715 720 Gln His Val Asn Leu Asn Val Met Asp Leu Lys Asp Val Tyr Asp Lys 725 730 735 Ile Met Arg Gly Glu Asp Val Ile Val Arg Ile Ser Gly Tyr Cys Val 740 745 750 Asn Thr Lys Tyr Leu Thr Pro Glu Gln Lys Gln Glu Leu Thr Glu Arg 755 760 765 Val Phe His Glu Val Leu Ser Asn Asp Asp Glu Glu Val Met His Thr 770 775 780 Ser Asn Ile 785 17 2665 DNA Streptococcus mutans 17 aagcaagttc tttcgcttgt gtaaccggtt actgtatgat agaatataat cgtaaattgt 60 aacagattaa ctgttactag aatagagggg aactcaatta tggcaactgt caaaactaac 120 actgacgttt ttgaaaaagc ctgggaaggc tttaaaggaa ctgactggaa agacagagca 180 agcatttctc gctttgttca agacaactac actccatatg acggaggcga aagttttctt 240 gccggcccta ctgaacgttc acttcacatc aaaaaagtcg tagaagaaac taaagcgcat 300 tacgaagaaa cacgttttcc aatggataca cgtattacat ctattgctga tatcccagca 360 ggttatattg acaaggaaaa tgaattgatt tttggtatcc aaaacgatga actttttaag 420 ctgaacttca tgccaaaagg cggtattcgc atggctgaaa cagctttgaa agaacatggt 480 tatgaaccag accctgccgt tcatgaaatc tttaccaaat atgcaacaac cgttaatgat 540 ggtatctttc gtgcttacac ttcaaacatt cgccgtgcac gtcatgccca cactgtaact 600 ggtctcccag atgcatactc tcgcggacgt attattggag tttatgcccg tcttgctctc 660 tatggtgctg actacttgat gcaagaaaaa gtgaacgact ggaactcaat tgctgaaatt 720 gatgaagaat caattcgtct tcgtgaagaa atcaatcttc aatatcaggc acttggcgaa 780 gtagtgcggt tgggtgatct gtatggtctt gatgttcgca aacctgctat gaatgttaag 840 gaagctatcc aatggattaa tatcgccttt atggctgtct gccgcgttat caatggtgct 900 gcaacttctc ttggacgtgt cccaatcgtt cttgatatct ttgcagaacg tgaccttgct 960 cgtggcactt tcactgaatc agaaatccaa gaattcgttg atgacttcgt tatgaaactt 1020 cgtacggtta aatttgcacg tactaaggct tatgacgaac tttattcagg tgacccaaca 1080 tttattacga cttctatggc tggtatggga gctgatggac gtcaccgtgt tactaagatg 1140 gactaccgtt tcttaaatac gcttgataat attggcaatg ctccagaacc taacttaacc 1200 gttctttggt caagtaaatt gccttactct ttccgtcatt attgtatgtc tatgagccac 1260 aagcattctt caattcaata tgaaggtgtc acaactatgg ctaaagaagg ttatggtgaa 1320 atgtcatgta tctcatgctg tgtatctccg cttgatcctg aaaacgaaga tcgtcgccac 1380 aatctacaat actttggtgc tcgtgttaac gttcttaaag cacttcttac aggtcttaat 1440 ggcggttacg acgatgttca caaagactac aaagtatttg atgtcgaacc tatccgtgat 1500 gaagtccttg attttgaaac ggttaaagct aattttgaaa aagcacttga ttggttgact 1560 gatacttacg tggacgcaat gaatatcatt cactatatga ctgataaata taactatgaa 1620 gccgttcaaa tggccttctt accaacacgt gttaaagcca atatgggatt tggtatttgc 1680 ggattctcta atacagttga ttcattatca gctattaaat atgctactgt aaaacctatt 1740 cgtgatgaag atggttacat ttacgactat gaaactgttg gtaacttccc tcgttacgga 1800 gaagatgatg accgtgtaga ctcaatcgct gaatggttgc ttgaagcttt ccatactcgt 1860 cttgcacgtc ataaactgta caaagattcc gaagctactg tatcattgct tacaatcact 1920 tctaatgttg cttattctaa acaaactggt aattctccag ttcacaaggg tgtttacctc 1980 aatgaagatg gttctgtgaa cttgtctaaa gtagaattct tctcaccagg tgctaaccca 2040 tcaaataaag cttccggcgg ctggttgcaa aacttgaact cattgaagaa acttgacttt 2100 gctcacgcaa atgatggtat ctcattgaca actcaagttt caccaaaagc tcttggtaag 2160 acattcgatg aacaagttgc taacttagta acaattcttg atggttactt tgaaggcggc 2220 ggtcaacacg ttaacttgaa cgttatggat cttaaagatg tttatgacaa gatcatgaat 2280 ggtgaagatg ttatcgttcg tatctcaggt tactgtgtta acactaaata ccttactaaa 2340 gaacaaaaga ctgaattgac acaacgtgtt ttccatgaag ttctctcaat ggatgatgca 2400 gctacagact tggttaacaa caagtaagag ttaaacagtt tagtttaaaa gacctcactc 2460 ataaaagtga ggtctttact ttgctttcgg gtacgatcaa agcagtgaga gctttttata 2520 ttctaaaaac tcacaaattc agaaaaaaac agctcttgtg atttgaaaag cttttagcta 2580 caataatatt atgaaaatta attatactcg cgacacactg tcatccacct atcttgatgc 2640 agtaaaaatt agacaccttg tcttc 2665 18 1993 DNA Haemophilus influenzae 18 gtccgaatgg tgcaccagca cgacgaccat caggggtgtt acccgttttc ttaccataaa 60 ctacgttaga agtaatggtt aatacagatt gtgtaggcac tgcattgcgg taagttttaa 120 gtttttgaat tttcttcata aaacgttcaa ctaagtcaca agcgatgtca tcaacacggt 180 tatcattgtt accatattgt ggatattcac cttcgatttc aaagtcgatt gctacgttag 240 ttgcaacaac attgccatct ttatctttga tgtcgccacg aactggttta actttcgcat 300 atttgattgc tgaaagtgag tcagccgcaa cagaaagacc tgcgatacca caagccatag 360 tacggtatac atcacgatca tgtaatgcca ttaatgcggc ttcgtatgaa tatttatcgt 420 gcatatagtg gattacgttt aaggcagtca catattgttt tgccaaccaa tccataaagc 480 tatccatacg agtcattact gtatcgaaat ctaatacttc atcagtaatt ggtgcagttt 540 tcggacctac ttgcatacct aatttttcat cgataccgcc gttgattgcg tataacaatg 600 ttttcgctaa gtttgcacgt gcaccgaaga attgcatttg tttacccaca atcattggtg 660 atacacaaca tgcgattgcg tagtcatcgt tgttgaagtc tggacgcatt aaatcatcgt 720 tttcgtattg aactgatgag gtatcaatcg atacttttgc acagaaacgt ttgaagtttt 780 caggtaattg ttcagaccaa agaatggtta agtttggctc tggagaagta cccatgttgt 840 aaagggtgtg taaaatacgg aatgtatttt tggttactaa tgtacgacca tctaaaccca 900 tacctgcgat ggtttcagtt gcccacattg ggtcaccaga gaataattga tcgtattcag 960 gtgtacgtaa gaaacgaacc atacgaagtt tcataactaa gtggtcaact aattcttgcg 1020 cttcagtttc agtaattttt cctgctttta aatcacgttc gatgtacacg tcaataaagg 1080 ttgcggtacg accgaatgac attgcagcac cattttgtga ttttattgca gcaagataag 1140 caaagtacat ccattgaatg gcttcttgag cattagttgc tgggttagaa atatcataac 1200 catagcttgc tgccatttgt tttaattgac ctaatgcacg gtgttgttct gcgatttctt 1260 cacgtaaacg aattgttgct tcaagattta cgccatcttc taaatctttt tgtaaagaag 1320 agaattgtgc gtatttatct ttcattaaga aatctacacc ataaagtgct acacgacggt 1380 agtcaccgat gatacgacca cgaccataag catctggaag accagttaat accccagatt 1440 tacggcaacg taaaatatct ggcgtgtaaa catcgaatac accttggtta tgtgttttac 1500 ggtattcagt gaagattttt ttcacttttg gatcaagttc acgaccataa actttacaag 1560 aaccttccac cattttgata ccaccgaatg gcataatggc acgttttaaa ggttcatcag 1620 tttgaagacc aacgattttt tctaaatctt tgttaatgta accaggtgcg tgagagataa 1680 tggtagatgg tgtatgttca tcaaaatcta atggcgcgtg agtacggttt tcaattttaa 1740 taccttccat cacagattcc caaagcttgg ttgttgcttc ggttggacct gctaagaaag 1800 agtcatcgcc ttcataaggg gtatagtttt tttggataaa gtcacgtaca ttgacatttt 1860 cttgccaatc gccaccagca aaaccagccc acgccaattt ttgcatttca ttaagttctg 1920 acatagtcat ttcctttgtt aattaataaa taaatcttta atgtgttttg gttaaataac 1980 gttggaatac acc 1993 19 746 PRT Escherichia coli 19 Met Lys Val Asp Ile Asp Thr Ser Asp Lys Leu Tyr Ala Asp Ala Trp 1 5 10 15 Leu Gly Phe Lys Gly Thr Asp Trp Lys Asn Glu Ile Asn Val Arg Asp 20 25 30 Phe Ile Gln His Asn Tyr Thr Pro Tyr Glu Gly Asp Glu Ser Phe Leu 35 40 45 Ala Glu Ala Thr Pro Ala Thr Thr Glu Leu Trp Glu Lys Val Met Glu 50 55 60 Gly Ile Arg Ile Glu Asn Ala Thr His Ala Pro Val Asp Phe Asp Thr 65 70 75 80 Asn Ile Ala Thr Thr Ile Thr Ala His Asp Ala Gly Tyr Ile Asn Gln 85 90 95 Pro Leu Glu Lys Ile Val Gly Leu Gln Thr Asp Ala Pro Leu Lys Arg 100 105 110 Ala Leu His Pro Phe Gly Gly Ile Asn Met Ile Lys Ser Ser Phe His 115 120 125 Ala Tyr Gly Arg Glu Met Asp Ser Glu Phe Glu Tyr Leu Phe Thr Asp 130 135 140 Leu Arg Lys Thr His Asn Gln Gly Val Phe Asp Val Tyr Ser Pro Asp 145 150 155 160 Met Leu Arg Cys Arg Lys Ser Gly Val Leu Thr Gly Leu Pro Asp Gly 165 170 175 Tyr Gly Arg Gly Arg Ile Ile Gly Asp Tyr Arg Arg Val Ala Leu Tyr 180 185 190 Gly Ile Ser Tyr Leu Val Arg Glu Arg Glu Leu Gln Phe Ala Asp Leu 195 200 205 Gln Ser Arg Leu Glu Lys Gly Glu Asp Leu Glu Ala Thr Ile Arg Leu 210 215 220 Arg Glu Glu Leu Ala Glu His Arg His Ala Leu Leu Gln Ile Gln Glu 225 230 235 240 Met Ala Ala Lys Tyr Gly Phe Asp Ile Ser Arg Pro Ala Gln Asn Ala 245 250 255 Gln Glu Ala Val Gln Trp Leu Tyr Phe Ala Tyr Leu Ala Ala Val Lys 260 265 270 Ser Gln Asn Gly Gly Ala Met Ser Leu Gly Arg Thr Ala Ser Phe Leu 275 280 285 Asp Ile Tyr Ile Glu Arg Asp Phe Lys Ala Gly Val Leu Asn Glu Gln 290 295 300 Gln Ala Gln Glu Leu Ile Asp His Phe Ile Met Lys Ile Arg Met Val 305 310 315 320 Arg Phe Leu Arg Thr Pro Glu Phe Asp Ser Leu Phe Ser Gly Asp Pro 325 330 335 Ile Trp Ala Thr Glu Val Ile Gly Gly Met Gly Leu Asp Gly Arg Thr 340 345 350 Leu Val Thr Lys Asn Ser Phe Arg Tyr Leu His Thr Leu His Thr Met 355 360 365 Gly Pro Ala Pro Glu Pro Asn Leu Thr Ile Leu Trp Ser Glu Glu Leu 370 375 380 Pro Ile Ala Phe Lys Lys Tyr Ala Ala Gln Val Ser Ile Val Thr Ser 385 390 395 400 Ser Leu Gln Tyr Glu Asn Asp Asp Leu Met Arg Thr Asp Phe Asn Ser 405 410 415 Asp Asp Tyr Ala Ile Ala Cys Cys Val Ser Pro Met Val Ile Gly Lys 420 425 430 Gln Met Gln Phe Phe Gly Ala Arg Ala Asn Leu Ala Lys Thr Leu Leu 435 440 445 Tyr Ala Ile Asn Gly Gly Val Asp Glu Lys Leu Lys Ile Gln Val Gly 450 455 460 Pro Lys Thr Ala Pro Leu Met Asp Asp Val Leu Asp Tyr Asp Lys Val 465 470 475 480 Met Asp Ser Leu Asp His Phe Met Asp Trp Leu Ala Val Gln Tyr Ile 485 490 495 Ser Ala Leu Asn Ile Ile His Tyr Met His Asp Lys Tyr Ser Tyr Glu 500 505 510 Ala Ser Leu Met Ala Leu His Asp Arg Asp Val Tyr Arg Thr Met Ala 515 520 525 Cys Gly Ile Ala Gly Leu Ser Val Ala Thr Asp Ser Leu Ser Ala Ile 530 535 540 Lys Tyr Ala Arg Val Lys Pro Ile Arg Asp Glu Asn Gly Leu Ala Val 545 550 555 560 Asp Phe Glu Ile Asp Gly Glu Tyr Pro Gln Tyr Gly Asn Asn Asp Glu 565 570 575 Arg Val Asp Ser Ile Ala Cys Asp Leu Val Glu Arg Phe Met Lys Lys 580 585 590 Ile Lys Ala Leu Pro Thr Tyr Arg Asn Ala Val Pro Thr Gln Ser Ile 595 600 605 Leu Thr Ile Thr Ser Asn Val Val Tyr Gly Gln Lys Thr Gly Asn Thr 610 615 620 Pro Asp Gly Arg Arg Ala Gly Thr Pro Phe Ala Pro Gly Ala Asn Pro 625 630 635 640 Met His Gly Arg Asp Arg Lys Gly Ala Val Ala Ser Leu Thr Ser Val 645 650 655 Ala Lys Leu Pro Phe Thr Tyr Ala Lys Asp Gly Ile Ser Tyr Thr Phe 660 665 670 Ser Ile Val Pro Ala Ala Leu Gly Lys Glu Asp Pro Val Arg Lys Thr 675 680 685 Asn Leu Val Gly Leu Leu Asp Gly Tyr Phe His His Glu Ala Asp Val 690 695 700 Glu Gly Gly Gln His Leu Asn Val Asn Val Met Asn Arg Glu Met Leu 705 710 715 720 Leu Asp Ala Ile Glu His Pro Glu Lys Tyr Pro Asn Leu Thr Ile Arg 725 730 735 Val Ser Gly Tyr Ala Cys Ala Ser Thr His 740 745 20 769 PRT Haemophilus influenzae 20 Ser Glu Leu Asn Glu Met Gln Lys Leu Ala Trp Ala Gly Phe Ala Gly 1 5 10 15 Gly Asp Trp Gln Glu Asn Val Asn Val Arg Asp Phe Ile Gln Lys Asn 20 25 30 Tyr Thr Pro Tyr Glu Gly Asp Asp Ser Phe Leu Ala Gly Pro Thr Glu 35 40 45 Ala Thr Thr Lys Leu Trp Glu Ser Val Met Glu Gly Ile Lys Ile Glu 50 55 60 Asn Arg Thr His Ala Pro Leu Asp Phe Asp Glu His Thr Pro Ser Thr 65 70 75 80 Ile Ile Ser His Ala Pro Gly Tyr Ile Asn Lys Asp Leu Glu Lys Ile 85 90 95 Val Gly Leu Gln Thr Asp Glu Pro Leu Lys Arg Ala Ile Met Pro Phe 100 105 110 Gly Gly Ile Lys Met Val Glu Gly Ser Cys Lys Val Tyr Gly Arg Glu 115 120 125 Leu Asp Pro Lys Val Lys Lys Ile Phe Thr Glu Tyr Arg Lys Thr His 130 135 140 Asn Gln Gly Val Phe Asp Val Tyr Thr Pro Asp Ile Leu Arg Cys Arg 145 150 155 160 Lys Ser Gly Val Leu Thr Gly Leu Pro Asp Ala Tyr Gly Arg Gly Arg 165 170 175 Ile Ile Gly Asp Tyr Arg Arg Val Ala Leu Tyr Gly Val Asp Phe Leu 180 185 190 Met Lys Asp Lys Tyr Ala Gln Phe Ser Ser Leu Gln Lys Asp Leu Glu 195 200 205 Asp Gly Val Asn Leu Glu Ala Thr Ile Arg Leu Arg Glu Glu Ile Ala 210 215 220 Glu Gln His Arg Ala Leu Gly Gln Leu Lys Gln Met Ala Ala Ser Tyr 225 230 235 240 Gly Tyr Asp Ile Ser Asn Pro Ala Thr Asn Ala Gln Glu Ala Ile Gln 245 250 255 Trp Met Tyr Phe Ala Tyr Leu Ala Ala Ile Lys Ser Gln Asn Gly Ala 260 265 270 Ala Met Ser Phe Gly Arg Thr Ala Thr Phe Ile Asp Val Tyr Ile Glu 275 280 285 Arg Asp Leu Lys Ala Gly Lys Ile Thr Glu Thr Glu Ala Gln Glu Leu 290 295 300 Val Asp His Leu Val Met Lys Leu Arg Met Val Arg Phe Leu Arg Thr 305 310 315 320 Pro Glu Tyr Asp Gln Leu Phe Ser Gly Asp Pro Met Trp Ala Thr Glu 325 330 335 Thr Ile Ala Gly Met Gly Leu Asp Gly Arg Thr Leu Val Thr Lys Asn 340 345 350 Thr Phe Arg Ile Leu His Thr Leu Tyr Asn Met Gly Thr Ser Pro Glu 355 360 365 Pro Asn Leu Thr Ile Leu Trp Ser Glu Gln Leu Pro Glu Asn Phe Lys 370 375 380 Arg Phe Cys Ala Lys Val Ser Ile Asp Thr Ser Ser Val Gln Tyr Glu 385 390 395 400 Asn Asp Asp Leu Met Arg Pro Asp Phe Asn Asn Asp Asp Tyr Ala Ile 405 410 415 Ala Cys Cys Val Ser Pro Met Ile Val Gly Lys Gln Met Gln Phe Phe 420 425 430 Gly Ala Arg Ala Asn Leu Ala Lys Thr Leu Leu Tyr Ala Ile Asn Gly 435 440 445 Gly Ile Asp Glu Lys Leu Gly Met Gln Val Gly Pro Lys Thr Ala Pro 450 455 460 Ile Thr Asp Glu Val Leu Asp Phe Asp Thr Val Met Thr Arg Met Asp 465 470 475 480 Ser Phe Met Asp Trp Leu Ala Lys Gln Tyr Val Thr Ala Leu Asn Val 485 490 495 Ile His Tyr Met His Asp Lys Tyr Ser Tyr Glu Ala Ala Leu Met Ala 500 505 510 Leu His Asp Arg Asp Val Tyr Arg Thr Met Ala Cys Gly Ile Ala Gly 515 520 525 Leu Ser Val Ala Ala Asp Ser Leu Ser Ala Ile Lys Tyr Ala Lys Val 530 535 540 Lys Pro Val Arg Gly Asp Ile Lys Asp Lys Asp Gly Asn Val Val Ala 545 550 555 560 Thr Asn Val Ala Ile Asp Phe Glu Ile Glu Gly Glu Tyr Pro Gln Tyr 565 570 575 Gly Asn Asn Asp Asn Arg Val Asp Asp Ile Ala Cys Asp Leu Val Glu 580 585 590 Arg Phe Met Lys Lys Ile Gln Lys Leu Lys Thr Tyr Arg Asn Ala Val 595 600 605 Pro Thr Gln Ser Val Leu Thr Ile Thr Ser Asn Val Val Tyr Gly Lys 610 615 620 Lys Thr Gly Asn Thr Pro Asp Gly Arg Arg Ala Gly Ala Pro Phe Gly 625 630 635 640 Pro Gly Ala Asn Pro Met His Gly Arg Asp Gln Lys Gly Ala Val Ala 645 650 655 Ser Leu Thr Ser Val Ala Lys Leu Pro Phe Ala Tyr Ala Lys Asp Gly 660 665 670 Ile Ser Tyr Thr Phe Ser Ile Val Pro Asn Ala Leu Gly Lys Asp Ala 675 680 685 Glu Ala Gln Arg Arg Asn Leu Ala Gly Leu Met Asp Gly Tyr Phe His 690 695 700 His Glu Ala Thr Val Glu Gly Gly Gln His Leu Asn Val Asn Val Leu 705 710 715 720 Asn Arg Glu Met Leu Leu Asp Ala Met Glu Asn Pro Asp Lys Tyr Pro 725 730 735 Gln Leu Thr Ile Arg Val Ser Gly Tyr Ala Val Arg Phe Asn Ser Leu 740 745 750 Thr Lys Glu Gln Gln Gln Asp Val Ile Thr Arg Thr Phe Thr Glu Ser 755 760 765 Met 21 195 PRT Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 21 Gly Ser Phe Pro Lys Tyr Gly Asn Asp Asp Asp Arg Val Asp Glu Ile 1 5 10 15 Ala Glu Trp Val Val Ser Thr Phe Ser Ser Lys Leu Ala Lys Gln His 20 25 30 Thr Tyr Arg Asn Ser Val Pro Thr Leu Ser Val Leu Thr Ile Thr Ser 35 40 45 Asn Val Val Tyr Gly Lys Lys Thr Gly Ser Thr Pro Asp Gly Arg Lys 50 55 60 Lys Gly Glu Pro Phe Ala Pro Gly Ala Asn Pro Leu His Gly Arg Asp 65 70 75 80 Ala His Gly Ala Leu Ala Ser Leu Asn Ser Val Ala Lys Leu Pro Tyr 85 90 95 Thr Met Cys Leu Asp Gly Ile Ser Asn Thr Phe Ser Leu Ile Pro Gln 100 105 110 Val Leu Gly Arg Gly Gly Glu His Glu Arg Ala Thr Asn Leu Ala Ser 115 120 125 Ile Leu Asp Gly Tyr Phe Ala Asn Gly Gly His His Ile Asn Val Asn 130 135 140 Val Leu Asn Arg Ser Met Leu Met Asp Ala Val Glu His Pro Glu Lys 145 150 155 160 Tyr Pro Asn Leu Thr Ile Arg Val Ser Gly Tyr Ala Val His Phe Ala 165 170 175 Arg Leu Thr Arg Glu Gln Gln Leu Glu Val Ile Ala Arg Thr Phe His 180 185 190 Asp Thr Met 195 22 1006 DNA Lactococcus lactis 22 tgttacctgg tttgaacggt ggttacgttc ataaagatta taaagtattc gatattgaac 60 ctgttcgtga tgaaattctt gactatgata cagttatgga aaacttcgac aaatcactca 120 actggttgac agatacttat gttgatgcaa tgaatatcat tcactacatg actgacaaat 180 ataactatga agcagttcaa atggccttct tgcctactaa agttcgtgct aacatgggat 240 ttggtatctg tggtttcgca aatacagttg attcactttc agcgattaaa tatgctaaag 300 ttaaaacttt gcgtgatgaa aatggctaca tctacgatta tgaagtagaa ggtgacttcc 360 cacgttatgg tgaagatgat gaccgtgctg atgatatcgc taaacttgtc atgaaaatgt 420 accatgaaaa attagcttca cacaaacttt acaaaaatgc tgaagctact gtttcacttt 480 tgacaatcac atctaacgtt gcttactcta aacaaactgg taactctcca gttcataaag 540 gagtattcct caatgaagat ggtacagtca acaaatctaa acttgaattc ttctcaccag 600 gtgctaaccc atctaacaaa gctaaaggtg gatggttgca aaatcttcgt tcattagcta 660 aattggaatt caaagatgca aatgacggta tttcattaac tactcaagtt tctcctcgtg 720 cacttggtaa aactcgtgat gaacaagtag ataacttggt tcaaattctt gatggatact 780 tcacaccagg agctttgatt aatggtactg aatttgcagg tcaacacgtt aacttgaacg 840 ttatggacct taaagatgtt tacgataaaa tcatgcgtgg tgaagatgtt atcgttcgta 900 tctctggata ctgtgttaac actaaatacc tcacacctga acaaaaacaa gaattgactg 960 aacgtgtctt ccatgaagta ctttcaaacg atgatgaaga agtaat 1006 23 334 PRT Lactococcus lactis 23 Leu Pro Gly Leu Asn Gly Gly Tyr Val His Lys Asp Tyr Lys Val Phe 1 5 10 15 Asp Ile Glu Pro Val Arg Asp Glu Ile Leu Asp Tyr Asp Thr Val Met 20 25 30 Glu Asn Phe Asp Lys Ser Leu Asn Trp Leu Thr Asp Thr Tyr Val Asp 35 40 45 Ala Met Asn Ile Ile His Tyr Met Thr Asp Lys Tyr Asn Tyr Glu Ala 50 55 60 Val Gln Met Ala Phe Leu Pro Thr Lys Val Arg Ala Asn Met Gly Phe 65 70 75 80 Gly Ile Cys Gly Phe Ala Asn Thr Val Asp Ser Leu Ser Ala Ile Lys 85 90 95 Tyr Ala Lys Val Lys Thr Leu Arg Asp Glu Asn Gly Tyr Ile Tyr Asp 100 105 110 Tyr Glu Val Glu Gly Asp Phe Pro Arg Tyr Gly Glu Asp Asp Asp Arg 115 120 125 Ala Asp Asp Ile Ala Lys Leu Val Met Lys Met Tyr His Glu Lys Leu 130 135 140 Ala Ser His Lys Leu Tyr Lys Asn Ala Glu Ala Thr Val Ser Leu Leu 145 150 155 160 Thr Ile Thr Ser Asn Val Ala Tyr Ser Lys Gln Thr Gly Asn Ser Pro 165 170 175 Val His Lys Gly Val Phe Leu Asn Glu Asp Gly Thr Val Asn Lys Ser 180 185 190 Lys Leu Glu Phe Phe Ser Pro Gly Ala Asn Pro Ser Asn Lys Ala Lys 195 200 205 Gly Gly Trp Leu Gln Asn Leu Arg Ser Leu Ala Lys Leu Glu Phe Lys 210 215 220 Asp Ala Asn Asp Gly Ile Ser Leu Thr Thr Gln Val Ser Pro Arg Ala 225 230 235 240 Leu Gly Lys Thr Arg Asp Glu Gln Val Asp Asn Leu Val Gln Ile Leu 245 250 255 Asp Gly Tyr Phe Thr Pro Gly Ala Leu Ile Asn Gly Thr Glu Phe Ala 260 265 270 Gly Gln His Val Asn Leu Asn Val Met Asp Leu Lys Asp Val Tyr Asp 275 280 285 Lys Ile Met Arg Gly Glu Asp Val Ile Val Arg Ile Ser Gly Tyr Cys 290 295 300 Val Asn Thr Lys Tyr Leu Thr Pro Glu Gln Lys Gln Glu Leu Thr Glu 305 310 315 320 Arg Val Phe His Glu Val Leu Ser Asn Asp Asp Glu Glu Val 325 330 24 776 PRT Streptococcus mutans 24 Met Ala Thr Val Lys Thr Asn Thr Asp Val Phe Glu Lys Ala Trp Glu 1 5 10 15 Gly Phe Lys Gly Thr Asp Trp Lys Asp Arg Ala Ser Ile Ser Arg Phe 20 25 30 Val Gln Asp Asn Tyr Thr Pro Tyr Asp Gly Gly Glu Ser Phe Leu Ala 35 40 45 Gly Pro Thr Glu Arg Ser Leu His Ile Lys Lys Val Val Glu Glu Thr 50 55 60 Lys Ala His Tyr Glu Glu Thr Arg Phe Pro Met Asp Thr Arg Ile Thr 65 70 75 80 Ser Ile Ala Asp Ile Pro Ala Gly Tyr Ile Asp Lys Glu Asn Glu Leu 85 90 95 Ile Phe Gly Ile Gln Asn Asp Glu Leu Phe Lys Leu Asn Phe Met Pro 100 105 110 Lys Gly Gly Ile Arg Met Ala Glu Thr Ala Leu Lys Glu His Gly Tyr 115 120 125 Glu Pro Asp Pro Ala Val His Glu Ile Phe Thr Lys Tyr Ala Thr Thr 130 135 140 Val Asn Asp Gly Ile Phe Arg Ala Tyr Thr Ser Asn Ile Arg Arg Ala 145 150 155 160 Arg His Ala His Thr Val Thr Gly Leu Pro Asp Ala Tyr Ser Arg Gly 165 170 175 Arg Ile Ile Gly Val Tyr Ala Arg Leu Ala Leu Tyr Gly Ala Asp Tyr 180 185 190 Leu Met Gln Glu Lys Val Asn Asp Trp Asn Ser Ile Ala Glu Ile Asp 195 200 205 Glu Glu Ser Ile Arg Leu Arg Glu Glu Ile Asn Leu Gln Tyr Gln Ala 210 215 220 Leu Gly Glu Val Val Arg Leu Gly Asp Leu Tyr Gly Leu Asp Val Arg 225 230 235 240 Lys Pro Ala Met Asn Val Lys Glu Ala Ile Gln Trp Ile Asn Ile Ala 245 250 255 Phe Met Ala Val Cys Arg Val Ile Asn Gly Ala Ala Thr Ser Leu Gly 260 265 270 Arg Val Pro Ile Val Leu Asp Ile Phe Ala Glu Arg Asp Leu Ala Arg 275 280 285 Gly Thr Phe Thr Glu Ser Glu Ile Gln Glu Phe Val Asp Asp Phe Val 290 295 300 Met Lys Leu Arg Thr Val Lys Phe Ala Arg Thr Lys Ala Tyr Asp Glu 305 310 315 320 Leu Tyr Ser Gly Asp Pro Thr Phe Ile Thr Thr Ser Met Ala Gly Met 325 330 335 Gly Ala Asp Gly Arg His Arg Val Thr Lys Met Asp Tyr Arg Phe Leu 340 345 350 Asn Thr Leu Asp Asn Ile Gly Asn Ala Pro Glu Pro Asn Leu Thr Val 355 360 365 Leu Trp Ser Ser Lys Leu Pro Tyr Ser Phe Arg His Tyr Cys Met Ser 370 375 380 Met Ser His Lys His Ser Ser Ile Gln Tyr Glu Gly Val Thr Thr Met 385 390 395 400 Ala Lys Glu Gly Tyr Gly Glu Met Ser Cys Ile Ser Cys Cys Val Ser 405 410 415 Pro Leu Asp Pro Glu Asn Glu Asp Arg Arg His Asn Leu Gln Tyr Phe 420 425 430 Gly Ala Arg Val Asn Val Leu Lys Ala Leu Leu Thr Gly Leu Asn Gly 435 440 445 Gly Tyr Asp Asp Val His Lys Asp Tyr Lys Val Phe Asp Val Glu Pro 450 455 460 Ile Arg Asp Glu Val Leu Asp Phe Glu Thr Val Lys Ala Asn Phe Glu 465 470 475 480 Lys Ala Leu Asp Trp Leu Thr Asp Thr Tyr Val Asp Ala Met Asn Ile 485 490 495 Ile His Tyr Met Thr Asp Lys Tyr Asn Tyr Glu Ala Val Gln Met Ala 500 505 510 Phe Leu Pro Thr Arg Val Lys Ala Asn Met Gly Phe Gly Ile Cys Gly 515 520 525 Phe Ser Asn Thr Val Asp Ser Leu Ser Ala Ile Lys Tyr Ala Thr Val 530 535 540 Lys Pro Ile Arg Asp Glu Asp Gly Tyr Ile Tyr Asp Tyr Glu Thr Val 545 550 555 560 Gly Asn Phe Pro Arg Tyr Gly Glu Asp Asp Asp Arg Val Asp Ser Ile 565 570 575 Ala Glu Trp Leu Leu Glu Ala Phe His Thr Arg Leu Ala Arg His Lys 580 585 590 Leu Tyr Lys Asp Ser Glu Ala Thr Val Ser Leu Leu Thr Ile Thr Ser 595 600 605 Asn Val Ala Tyr Ser Lys Gln Thr Gly Asn Ser Pro Val His Lys Gly 610 615 620 Val Tyr Leu Asn Glu Asp Gly Ser Val Asn Leu Ser Lys Val Glu Phe 625 630 635 640 Phe Ser Pro Gly Ala Asn Pro Ser Asn Lys Ala Ser Gly Gly Trp Leu 645 650 655 Gln Asn Leu Asn Ser Leu Lys Lys Leu Asp Phe Ala His Ala Asn Asp 660 665 670 Gly Ile Ser Leu Thr Thr Gln Val Ser Pro Lys Ala Leu Gly Lys Thr 675 680 685 Phe Asp Glu Gln Val Ala Asn Leu Val Thr Ile Leu Asp Gly Tyr Phe 690 695 700 Glu Gly Gly Gly Gln His Val Asn Leu Asn Val Met Asp Leu Lys Asp 705 710 715 720 Val Tyr Asp Lys Ile Met Asn Gly Glu Asp Val Ile Val Arg Ile Ser 725 730 735 Gly Tyr Cys Val Asn Thr Lys Tyr Leu Thr Lys Glu Gln Lys Thr Glu 740 745 750 Leu Thr Gln Arg Val Phe His Glu Val Leu Ser Met Asp Asp Ala Ala 755 760 765 Thr Asp Leu Val Asn Asn Lys Glx 770 775 25 740 PRT Clostridium pasteurianum 25 Leu Phe Lys Gln Trp Glu Gly Phe Gln Asp Gly Glu Trp Thr Asn Asp 1 5 10 15 Val Asn Val Arg Asp Phe Ile Gln Lys Asn Tyr Lys Glu Tyr Thr Gly 20 25 30 Asp Lys Ser Phe Leu Lys Gly Pro Thr Glu Lys Thr Lys Lys Val Trp 35 40 45 Asp Lys Ala Val Ser Leu Ile Leu Glu Glu Leu Lys Lys Gly Ile Leu 50 55 60 Asp Val Asp Thr Glu Thr Ile Ser Gly Ile Asn Ser Phe Lys Pro Gly 65 70 75 80 Tyr Leu Asp Lys Asp Asn Glu Val Ile Val Gly Phe Gln Thr Asp Ala 85 90 95 Pro Leu Lys Arg Ile Thr Asn Pro Phe Gly Gly Ile Arg Met Ala Glu 100 105 110 Gln Ser Leu Lys Glu Tyr Gly Phe Lys Ile Ser Asp Glu Met His Asn 115 120 125 Ile Phe Thr Asn Tyr Arg Lys Thr His Asn Gln Gly Val Phe Asp Ala 130 135 140 Tyr Ser Glu Glu Thr Arg Ile Ala Arg Ser Ala Gly Val Leu Thr Gly 145 150 155 160 Leu Pro Asp Ala Tyr Gly Arg Gly Arg Ile Ile Gly Asp Tyr Arg Arg 165 170 175 Val Ala Leu Tyr Gly Ile Asp Phe Leu Ile Gln Glu Lys Lys Lys Asp 180 185 190 Leu Ser Asn Leu Lys Gly Asp Met Leu Asp Glu Leu Ile Arg Leu Arg 195 200 205 Glu Glu Val Ser Glu Gln Ile Arg Ala Leu Asp Glu Ile Lys Lys Met 210 215 220 Ala Leu Ser Tyr Gly Val Asp Ile Ser Arg Pro Ala Val Asn Ala Lys 225 230 235 240 Glu Ala Ala Gln Phe Leu Tyr Phe Gly Tyr Leu Ala Gly Val Lys Glu 245 250 255 Asn Asn Gly Ala Ala Met Ser Leu Gly Arg Thr Ser Thr Phe Leu Asp 260 265 270 Ile Tyr Ile Glu Arg Asp Leu Glu Gln Gly Leu Ile Thr Glu Asp Glu 275 280 285 Ala Gln Glu Val Ile Asp Gln Phe Ile Ile Lys Leu Arg Leu Val Arg 290 295 300 His Leu Arg Thr Pro Glu Tyr Asn Glu Leu Phe Ala Gly Asp Pro Thr 305 310 315 320 Trp Val Thr Glu Ser Ile Ala Gly Val Gly Ile Asp Gly Arg Ser Leu 325 330 335 Val Thr Lys Asn Ser Phe Arg Tyr Leu His Thr Leu Ile Asn Leu Gly 340 345 350 Ser Ala Pro Glu Pro Asn Met Thr Val Leu Trp Ser Glu Asn Leu Pro 355 360 365 Glu Ser Phe Lys Lys Phe Cys Ala Glu Met Ser Ile Leu Thr Asp Ser 370 375 380 Ile Gln Tyr Glu Asn Asp Asp Ile Met Arg Pro Ile Tyr Gly Asp Asp 385 390 395 400 Tyr Ala Ile Ala Cys Cys Val Ser Ala Met Arg Val Gly Lys Asp Met 405 410 415 Gln Phe Phe Gly Ala Arg Cys Asn Leu Ala Lys Cys Leu Leu Leu Ala 420 425 430 Ile Asn Gly Gly Val Asp Glu Lys Lys Gly Ile Lys Val Val Pro Asp 435 440 445 Ile Glu Pro Ile Thr Asp Glu Val Leu Asp Tyr Glu Lys Val Lys Glu 450 455 460 Asn Tyr Phe Lys Val Leu Glu Tyr Met Ala Gly Leu Tyr Val Asn Thr 465 470 475 480 Met Asn Ile Ile His Phe Met His Asp Lys Tyr Ala Tyr Glu Ala Ser 485 490 495 Gln Met Ala Leu His Asp Thr Lys Val Gly Arg Leu Met Ala Phe Gly 500 505 510 Ile Ala Gly Phe Ser Val Ala Ala Asp Ser Leu Ser Ala Ile Arg Tyr 515 520 525 Ala Lys Val Lys Pro Ile Arg Glu Asn Gly Ile Thr Val Asp Phe Val 530 535 540 Lys Glu Gly Asp Phe Pro Lys Tyr Gly Asn Asp Asp Asp Arg Val Asp 545 550 555 560 Ser Ile Ala Val Glu Ile Val Glu Lys Phe Ser Asp Glu Leu Lys Lys 565 570 575 His Pro Thr Tyr Arg Asn Ala Lys His Thr Leu Ser Val Leu Thr Ile 580 585 590 Thr Ser Asn Val Met Tyr Gly Lys Lys Thr Gly Thr Thr Pro Asp Gly 595 600 605 Arg Lys Val Gly Glu Pro Leu Ala Pro Gly Ala Asn Pro Met His Gly 610 615 620 Arg Asp Met Glu Gly Ala Leu Ala Ser Leu Asn Ser Val Ala Lys Val 625 630 635 640 Pro Tyr Val Cys Cys Glu Asp Gly Val Ser Asn Thr Phe Ser Ile Val 645 650 655 Pro Asp Ala Leu Gly Asn Asp His Asp Val Arg Ile Asn Asn Leu Val 660 665 670 Ser Ile Met Gly Gly Tyr Phe Gly Gln Gly Ala His His Leu Asn Val 675 680 685 Asn Val Leu Asn Arg Glu Thr Leu Ile Asp Ala Met Asn Asn Pro Asp 690 695 700 Lys Tyr Pro Thr Leu Thr Ile Arg Val Ser Gly Tyr Ala Val Asn Phe 705 710 715 720 Asn Arg Leu Ser Lys Asp His Gln Lys Glu Val Ile Ser Arg Thr Phe 725 730 735 His Glu Lys Leu 740 26 1848 DNA Lactococcus lactis CDS (591)..(1613) 26 ctgcagcttg ttttttagta ccaacaaaaa ggactactgc accttcttgt gaagcgtttt 60 ttacatagtt gtaagcatcg tcaacaagtt ttacagtttt ttgaaggtcg ataacgtgga 120 taccattacg ttctgtgaag atgtatggtt tcatttttgg gttccaacga cgagtttggt 180 gaccgaagtg aacaccagct tcaagaagtt gtttcattga aataactgac atgttaatgt 240 ctccttttaa aatagttttt cctctttcat ctgtcatccg cagccgcaat acttgcgtac 300 actacgactt tgtcgagacg aaatgcgaga tggttgcata gcaactctat cattatacat 360 tgtttgacct atttttgcaa gtatctattc atgcttctat tgttcagtaa atctattttt 420 ctaaccactc ctattatctg acaaatttaa ttgttaattt aggctctata atcactaaaa 480 gagtaagttt ttaaattttt ttctaagaaa aaaattaata tttttgctga aaccgctttt 540 tttgtgataa aataattata gtaaataaat tagtttgtga ggagagaaat atg aaa 596 Met Lys 1 gaa aaa atc ctt tta ggc ggc tat aca aaa cgt gta tct aaa ggc gta 644 Glu Lys Ile Leu Leu Gly Gly Tyr Thr Lys Arg Val Ser Lys Gly Val 5 10 15 tat agt gtt ctt ttg gac act aaa gct gct gaa tta tca tca tta aat 692 Tyr Ser Val Leu Leu Asp Thr Lys Ala Ala Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Asn 20 25 30 gaa gtc gct gcg gtt caa aac cct act tat atc act ctc gat gaa aag 740 Glu Val Ala Ala Val Gln Asn Pro Thr Tyr Ile Thr Leu Asp Glu Lys 35 40 45 50 gga cac ctc tat act tgt gca gca gat agt aat ggt gga gga atc gcc 788 Gly His Leu Tyr Thr Cys Ala Ala Asp Ser Asn Gly Gly Gly Ile Ala 55 60 65 gcc ttt gat ttt gat ggc gaa act gct act cat ctc gga aat gtc aca 836 Ala Phe Asp Phe Asp Gly Glu Thr Ala Thr His Leu Gly Asn Val Thr 70 75 80 acc acg gga gct cca ctc tgc tat gtt gcc gtg gac gaa gcg cga caa 884 Thr Thr Gly Ala Pro Leu Cys Tyr Val Ala Val Asp Glu Ala Arg Gln 85 90 95 tta gtt tac gga gcg aac tat cat ctt gga gaa gtt cgt gtt tat aag 932 Leu Val Tyr Gly Ala Asn Tyr His Leu Gly Glu Val Arg Val Tyr Lys 100 105 110 att caa gct aat ggc tca ctc cga tta acg gat aca gta aaa cat acc 980 Ile Gln Ala Asn Gly Ser Leu Arg Leu Thr Asp Thr Val Lys His Thr 115 120 125 130 ggt tct gga cca cgt cct gaa caa gct agc tca cac gtt cat tat tct 1028 Gly Ser Gly Pro Arg Pro Glu Gln Ala Ser Ser His Val His Tyr Ser 135 140 145 gat ttg act cct gac gga cga ctt gtc acc tgt gat ttg gga aca gat 1076 Asp Leu Thr Pro Asp Gly Arg Leu Val Thr Cys Asp Leu Gly Thr Asp 150 155 160 gaa gtc act gtt tat gat gtc att ggt gaa ggt aaa ctc aat att gct 1124 Glu Val Thr Val Tyr Asp Val Ile Gly Glu Gly Lys Leu Asn Ile Ala 165 170 175 aca att tat cgg gca gaa aaa gga atg ggt gct cgt cat att act ttc 1172 Thr Ile Tyr Arg Ala Glu Lys Gly Met Gly Ala Arg His Ile Thr Phe 180 185 190 cat cca aat ggt aaa atc gct tat ttg gtt gga gag tta aat tca aca 1220 His Pro Asn Gly Lys Ile Ala Tyr Leu Val Gly Glu Leu Asn Ser Thr 195 200 205 210 att gaa gtt tta agt tac aat gaa gaa aaa gga cgc ttt gct cgt ctt 1268 Ile Glu Val Leu Ser Tyr Asn Glu Glu Lys Gly Arg Phe Ala Arg Leu 215 220 225 caa aca att agc acc cta cct gaa gat tat cat gga gca aat ggt gtt 1316 Gln Thr Ile Ser Thr Leu Pro Glu Asp Tyr His Gly Ala Asn Gly Val 230 235 240 gct gcc atc cgt att tca tct gac ggt aaa ttc ctc tat act tct aat 1364 Ala Ala Ile Arg Ile Ser Ser Asp Gly Lys Phe Leu Tyr Thr Ser Asn 245 250 255 cgt gga cat gat tct ttg aca act tac aaa gta agt cct ctt ggt aca 1412 Arg Gly His Asp Ser Leu Thr Thr Tyr Lys Val Ser Pro Leu Gly Thr 260 265 270 aaa ctt gaa act att ggc tgg aca aat act gaa ggt cat atc cct cgc 1460 Lys Leu Glu Thr Ile Gly Trp Thr Asn Thr Glu Gly His Ile Pro Arg 275 280 285 290 gat ttt aat ttc aac aaa act gaa gat tat atc att gtc gct cat caa 1508 Asp Phe Asn Phe Asn Lys Thr Glu Asp Tyr Ile Ile Val Ala His Gln 295 300 305 gaa tct gat aat tta tct ctt ttc ttg cga gat aaa aaa acc ggt act 1556 Glu Ser Asp Asn Leu Ser Leu Phe Leu Arg Asp Lys Lys Thr Gly Thr 310 315 320 tta act ttg gaa caa aaa gat ttt tac gct cct gaa atc act tgt gtt 1604 Leu Thr Leu Glu Gln Lys Asp Phe Tyr Ala Pro Glu Ile Thr Cys Val 325 330 335 tta cca cta taaaaattta ttttttcaca aagtttgact gataaactaa 1653 Leu Pro Leu 340 aaaagattgc taatttctct caaagaatta gcaatctttt tttcttcagt aaagcttgtt 1713 acaaaaccgt tttctaaact tttgatgagt gtttttgtaa aaactatcac aatattgctt 1773 gacatctata aaaaactttg ttaaactatt cacgtaaaag aaagtgaatg aagtcacaaa 1833 ggagaaccta caaat 1848 27 341 PRT Lactococcus lactis 27 Met Lys Glu Lys Ile Leu Leu Gly Gly Tyr Thr Lys Arg Val Ser Lys 1 5 10 15 Gly Val Tyr Ser Val Leu Leu Asp Thr Lys Ala Ala Glu Leu Ser Ser 20 25 30 Leu Asn Glu Val Ala Ala Val Gln Asn Pro Thr Tyr Ile Thr Leu Asp 35 40 45 Glu Lys Gly His Leu Tyr Thr Cys Ala Ala Asp Ser Asn Gly Gly Gly 50 55 60 Ile Ala Ala Phe Asp Phe Asp Gly Glu Thr Ala Thr His Leu Gly Asn 65 70 75 80 Val Thr Thr Thr Gly Ala Pro Leu Cys Tyr Val Ala Val Asp Glu Ala 85 90 95 Arg Gln Leu Val Tyr Gly Ala Asn Tyr His Leu Gly Glu Val Arg Val 100 105 110 Tyr Lys Ile Gln Ala Asn Gly Ser Leu Arg Leu Thr Asp Thr Val Lys 115 120 125 His Thr Gly Ser Gly Pro Arg Pro Glu Gln Ala Ser Ser His Val His 130 135 140 Tyr Ser Asp Leu Thr Pro Asp Gly Arg Leu Val Thr Cys Asp Leu Gly 145 150 155 160 Thr Asp Glu Val Thr Val Tyr Asp Val Ile Gly Glu Gly Lys Leu Asn 165 170 175 Ile Ala Thr Ile Tyr Arg Ala Glu Lys Gly Met Gly Ala Arg His Ile 180 185 190 Thr Phe His Pro Asn Gly Lys Ile Ala Tyr Leu Val Gly Glu Leu Asn 195 200 205 Ser Thr Ile Glu Val Leu Ser Tyr Asn Glu Glu Lys Gly Arg Phe Ala 210 215 220 Arg Leu Gln Thr Ile Ser Thr Leu Pro Glu Asp Tyr His Gly Ala Asn 225 230 235 240 Gly Val Ala Ala Ile Arg Ile Ser Ser Asp Gly Lys Phe Leu Tyr Thr 245 250 255 Ser Asn Arg Gly His Asp Ser Leu Thr Thr Tyr Lys Val Ser Pro Leu 260 265 270 Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Thr Ile Gly Trp Thr Asn Thr Glu Gly His Ile 275 280 285 Pro Arg Asp Phe Asn Phe Asn Lys Thr Glu Asp Tyr Ile Ile Val Ala 290 295 300 His Gln Glu Ser Asp Asn Leu Ser Leu Phe Leu Arg Asp Lys Lys Thr 305 310 315 320 Gly Thr Leu Thr Leu Glu Gln Lys Asp Phe Tyr Ala Pro Glu Ile Thr 325 330 335 Cys Val Leu Pro Leu 340 28 4741 DNA Lactococcus lactis CDS (453)..(1475) 28 tttggtgacc gaagtgaaca ccagcttcaa gaagttgttt cattgaaata actgacatgt 60 taatgtctcc ttttaaaata gtttttcctc tttcatctgt catccgcagc cgcaatactt 120 gcgtacacta cgactttgtc gagacgaaat gcgagatggt tgcatagcaa ctctctcatt 180 atacattgtt taagctactt ttgcaagcat ctattcattt atttctttta tcaatatgag 240 taaatgaaag ctatcctacc cccctttctt tttattctgt tttttatatc tcaatgttgt 300 ctgacaaatt taacgaatat ttttgcctat ataatcccca taagggagat ttttacattt 360 ttttctaaga ataaaattaa tatttttgct gaaaacgctt tttttgtgat aaaataatta 420 tagtaaataa aatagtttgt gaggagagaa at atg aaa gaa aaa atc ctt tta 473 Met Lys Glu Lys Ile Leu Leu 1 5 ggc ggt tat act aaa cgt gta tct aaa ggc gtt tac agt gtt cta tta 521 Gly Gly Tyr Thr Lys Arg Val Ser Lys Gly Val Tyr Ser Val Leu Leu 10 15 20 gat agc aag aaa gct gaa ttg tcg gct tta act gaa gtt gca gcg gtt 569 Asp Ser Lys Lys Ala Glu Leu Ser Ala Leu Thr Glu Val Ala Ala Val 25 30 35 caa aat cca act tat atc act ctt gat caa aaa ggg cac ctc tac act 617 Gln Asn Pro Thr Tyr Ile Thr Leu Asp Gln Lys Gly His Leu Tyr Thr 40 45 50 55 tgt gct gct gat gga aat ggt ggt gga att gct gcc ttt gat ttc gat 665 Cys Ala Ala Asp Gly Asn Gly Gly Gly Ile Ala Ala Phe Asp Phe Asp 60 65 70 ggt caa aat aca act cac cta ggg aat gta acg agt act gga gcc cct 713 Gly Gln Asn Thr Thr His Leu Gly Asn Val Thr Ser Thr Gly Ala Pro 75 80 85 ttg tgt tat gtg gct gtt gat gaa gca cgt caa ctc gtt tat ggt gcc 761 Leu Cys Tyr Val Ala Val Asp Glu Ala Arg Gln Leu Val Tyr Gly Ala 90 95 100 aac tat cac ttg ggt gaa gtt cgt gtg tac aaa att caa gct gat ggt 809 Asn Tyr His Leu Gly Glu Val Arg Val Tyr Lys Ile Gln Ala Asp Gly 105 110 115 tcc ctt aga tta acc gat aca gtt aaa cat aat ggt tct ggc cct cga 857 Ser Leu Arg Leu Thr Asp Thr Val Lys His Asn Gly Ser Gly Pro Arg 120 125 130 135 cct gag caa gca agt tct cat gtc cat tac tct gat tta act cca gat 905 Pro Glu Gln Ala Ser Ser His Val His Tyr Ser Asp Leu Thr Pro Asp 140 145 150 ggt cgt ctt gtt act tgt gat tta ggt aca gat gaa gtg act gtt tac 953 Gly Arg Leu Val Thr Cys Asp Leu Gly Thr Asp Glu Val Thr Val Tyr 155 160 165 gat gtt att ggt gaa ggt aaa ctc aat atc gtt acg att tat cgt gcc 1001 Asp Val Ile Gly Glu Gly Lys Leu Asn Ile Val Thr Ile Tyr Arg Ala 170 175 180 gaa aaa gga atg gga gct cgt cac atc agc ttc cat cct aat gga aaa 1049 Glu Lys Gly Met Gly Ala Arg His Ile Ser Phe His Pro Asn Gly Lys 185 190 195 att gct tat ctc gtc gga gaa tta aat tca act att gaa gtt cta agc 1097 Ile Ala Tyr Leu Val Gly Glu Leu Asn Ser Thr Ile Glu Val Leu Ser 200 205 210 215 tat aat gaa gaa aaa gga cga ttc gct cgt ctt caa aca atc agt act 1145 Tyr Asn Glu Glu Lys Gly Arg Phe Ala Arg Leu Gln Thr Ile Ser Thr 220 225 230 tta cct gaa gac tat cac gga gcc aat gga gta gct gct att cga att 1193 Leu Pro Glu Asp Tyr His Gly Ala Asn Gly Val Ala Ala Ile Arg Ile 235 240 245 tct tct gat ggt aag ttc ctc tat gct tct aat cgt ggg cac gac tct 1241 Ser Ser Asp Gly Lys Phe Leu Tyr Ala Ser Asn Arg Gly His Asp Ser 250 255 260 tta gca att tac aag gta agt cct ctc gga aca aaa tta gaa tct att 1289 Leu Ala Ile Tyr Lys Val Ser Pro Leu Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ser Ile 265 270 275 ggt tgg aca aag act gaa tat cat att cca cgc gat ttt aat ttt aat 1337 Gly Trp Thr Lys Thr Glu Tyr His Ile Pro Arg Asp Phe Asn Phe Asn 280 285 290 295 aaa acc gaa gat tat atc att gtc gct cat caa gaa tct gat aat tta 1385 Lys Thr Glu Asp Tyr Ile Ile Val Ala His Gln Glu Ser Asp Asn Leu 300 305 310 act ctt ttc ttg aga gat aaa aat aca ggg tca tta acg tta gaa caa 1433 Thr Leu Phe Leu Arg Asp Lys Asn Thr Gly Ser Leu Thr Leu Glu Gln 315 320 325 aaa gac ttt tac gct cct gaa att act tgt gtt tta cct ttg 1475 Lys Asp Phe Tyr Ala Pro Glu Ile Thr Cys Val Leu Pro Leu 330 335 340 taaaaactaa actttagtaa atcttgcttt tgttttttca caaagtttta ctaaatcaga 1535 caaaaaaata ttgccaaatc tttaaaagga ttggcaatat ttttttgtct gaaacccttg 1595 cttataaagc gatttctaaa agtttgatga gtttttttgt aaatttcatc acaatatcgc 1655 ttgacttctt taaaaaactt tgttaaacta ttcacgtaaa agaaagtgaa tggaatcaca 1715 aaggagaacg tacacatatg gcaactaaaa aagccgctcc agctgcaaag aaagttttaa 1775 gcgctgaaga aaaagccgca aaattccaag gaagtgtcgc ttatactgat caattagtca 1835 aaaaagctca agctgcagtt cttaaatttg aaggatacac acaaactcaa gttgatacta 1895 ttgttgctgc aatggctctt gcagcaagca aacattctct ggaactcgct cacgaagccg 1955 ttaatgaaac tggccgtgga gttgttgagg acaaagatac aaaaaaccat tttgcttctg 2015 aatctgttta taatgcaatc aaaaatgata aaacagttgg cgttatcgct gaaaacaaag 2075 ttgctggttc tgttgaaatc gcaagccccc ttggagtact tgctggtatt gtcccaacaa 2135 ctaatccaac atcaacagcc atctttaaat cattattaac tgcaaagaca cgtaatgcta 2195 ttgtctttgc ctttcaccca caagcacaaa aatgctcaag ccatgcggca aaaattgttt 2255 atgatgctgc gattgaagct ggtgcacctg aagactttat tcaatggatt gaagtaccca 2315 gtcttgatat gacgactgct ttgattcaaa atagaggaat tgctacaatt cttgcaactg 2375 gtggtccagg tatggtcaat gccgcgctta agtctggtaa tccttcactt ggtgtaggtg 2435 ctggtaatgg tgcagtttat gttgatgcaa ctgcaaatat cgatcgtgct gttgaagatc 2495 ttttgctttc aaaacgtttt gataacggaa tgatttgtgc gactgaaaac tctgcagtta 2555 ttgatgcatc aatctatgat gaatttgtcg ctaaaatgcc aacgcaaggc gcttatatgg 2615 ttcctaaaaa agattacaag gcaattgaaa gttttgtttt cgttgaacgt gctggtgaag 2675 gttttggtgt aactggtcct gttgctggtc gttctggtca atggattgct gaacaagctg 2735 gtgttaacgt ccctaaagat aaagatgttc ttctttttga acttgataag aaaaatattg 2795 gggaagctct ttcttctgaa aaactttctc ctttgctttc aatctacaaa tcagaaacac 2855 gtgaagaagg aattgaaatt gtacgtagct tacttgctta ccaaggagct ggtcacaacg 2915 ctgccattca aatcggtgca atggacgacc catttgtcaa agaatacgga attaaagtcg 2975 aagcttctcg tatcctcgtt aaccaacctg actctatcgg tggggtcgga gatatttata 3035 ctgatgcaat gcgtccatca ttgacgctcg gaactggttc atgggggaaa aattcacttt 3095 cacacaattt gagtacatac gatctattga atgttaaaac agtggctaaa cgtcgtaatc 3155 gccctcaatg ggttcgtttg ccaaaagaaa tttactacga aaaaaatgca atttcttact 3215 tacaagaatt gccacacgtc cacaaagctt tcattgttgc cgaccctggt atggttaaat 3275 tcggtttcgt tgataaagtt ttggaacaac ttgctatccg cccaactcaa gttgaaacaa 3335 gcatttatgg ctcagtccaa cctgacccaa ctttgagtga agcaattgca atcgctcgtc 3395 aaatgaacca ttttgaacct gacactgtca tctgtcttgg tggtggttct gctctcgatg 3455 ctggtaagat tggtcgtttg atttatgaat atgatgctcg tggtgaggct gacctttccg 3515 atgacgcaag tttgaaagag atcttccaag agttagctca aaaatttgtt gatattcgta 3575 aacgtattat caaattctac cacccacaca aagcacaaat ggttgctatc cctactactt 3635 ctggtactgg ttctgaagtg actccatttg cggttatcac tgatgatgaa actcacgtta 3695 aatatccact tgctgactat caattgacac ctcaagttgc cattgttgac cctgagtttg 3755 ttatgactgt accaaaacgt actgtttctt ggtctgggat tgatgctatg tcacacgcgc 3815 ttgaatctta tgtttctgtc atgtcttctg actatacaaa accaatttca cttcaagcca 3875 tcaaactcat ctttgaaaac ttgactgagt cttatcatta tgacccagct catccaacca 3935 aagaaggtca aaaagctcgc gaaaacatgc acaatgctgc aacactcgct ggtatggcct 3995 tcgccaatgc tttccttgga attaaccact cacttgctca taaaattgct ggtgaatttg 4055 ggcttcctca tggtcttgcc attgctatcg ctatgccaca tgtcattaaa tttaacgctg 4115 taacaggaaa cgttaaattt accccttacc cacgttatga aacttatcgt gcgcaagaag 4175 actacgctga aatttcacgc ttcatgggat ttgctggcaa agaagattca gatgaaaaag 4235 cggtcaaagc tttggttgct gaacttaaaa aattgactga tagtattgat attaatatca 4295 ccctttcagg aaatggtgta gataaagctc atcttgaacg tgagcttgat aaattggctg 4355 accttgttta cgatgaccaa tgtacacctg ctaatccacg tcaaccaaga attgatgaga 4415 ttaaacaact cttgttagac caatattaat atattaatta tagtatttgg aaccgaacga 4475 tatccatgct cgctaacctg ctaaagcagg aagtcgcaat ggtacgtcaa ccaagaattg 4535 atgagattaa acaactcttg ttagatcaat actaataatc tgttgataaa aataattaaa 4595 acgctctgat gaattcgtca gagcgttttt tattatagct tatacaacta tcaaaaggta 4655 taaatcaatt tcgatatagg ctcttttcac tccattgatt tatatttata taaaaatcaa 4715 taattaatta gcgatagaag tgatcc 4741 29 341 PRT Lactococcus lactis 29 Met Lys Glu Lys Ile Leu Leu Gly Gly Tyr Thr Lys Arg Val Ser Lys 1 5 10 15 Gly Val Tyr Ser Val Leu Leu Asp Ser Lys Lys Ala Glu Leu Ser Ala 20 25 30 Leu Thr Glu Val Ala Ala Val Gln Asn Pro Thr Tyr Ile Thr Leu Asp 35 40 45 Gln Lys Gly His Leu Tyr Thr Cys Ala Ala Asp Gly Asn Gly Gly Gly 50 55 60 Ile Ala Ala Phe Asp Phe Asp Gly Gln Asn Thr Thr His Leu Gly Asn 65 70 75 80 Val Thr Ser Thr Gly Ala Pro Leu Cys Tyr Val Ala Val Asp Glu Ala 85 90 95 Arg Gln Leu Val Tyr Gly Ala Asn Tyr His Leu Gly Glu Val Arg Val 100 105 110 Tyr Lys Ile Gln Ala Asp Gly Ser Leu Arg Leu Thr Asp Thr Val Lys 115 120 125 His Asn Gly Ser Gly Pro Arg Pro Glu Gln Ala Ser Ser His Val His 130 135 140 Tyr Ser Asp Leu Thr Pro Asp Gly Arg Leu Val Thr Cys Asp Leu Gly 145 150 155 160 Thr Asp Glu Val Thr Val Tyr Asp Val Ile Gly Glu Gly Lys Leu Asn 165 170 175 Ile Val Thr Ile Tyr Arg Ala Glu Lys Gly Met Gly Ala Arg His Ile 180 185 190 Ser Phe His Pro Asn Gly Lys Ile Ala Tyr Leu Val Gly Glu Leu Asn 195 200 205 Ser Thr Ile Glu Val Leu Ser Tyr Asn Glu Glu Lys Gly Arg Phe Ala 210 215 220 Arg Leu Gln Thr Ile Ser Thr Leu Pro Glu Asp Tyr His Gly Ala Asn 225 230 235 240 Gly Val Ala Ala Ile Arg Ile Ser Ser Asp Gly Lys Phe Leu Tyr Ala 245 250 255 Ser Asn Arg Gly His Asp Ser Leu Ala Ile Tyr Lys Val Ser Pro Leu 260 265 270 Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ser Ile Gly Trp Thr Lys Thr Glu Tyr His Ile 275 280 285 Pro Arg Asp Phe Asn Phe Asn Lys Thr Glu Asp Tyr Ile Ile Val Ala 290 295 300 His Gln Glu Ser Asp Asn Leu Thr Leu Phe Leu Arg Asp Lys Asn Thr 305 310 315 320 Gly Ser Leu Thr Leu Glu Gln Lys Asp Phe Tyr Ala Pro Glu Ile Thr 325 330 335 Cys Val Leu Pro Leu 340 30 4741 DNA Lactococcus lactis CDS (1733)..(4441) 30 tttggtgacc gaagtgaaca ccagcttcaa gaagttgttt cattgaaata actgacatgt 60 taatgtctcc ttttaaaata gtttttcctc tttcatctgt catccgcagc cgcaatactt 120 gcgtacacta cgactttgtc gagacgaaat gcgagatggt tgcatagcaa ctctctcatt 180 atacattgtt taagctactt ttgcaagcat ctattcattt atttctttta tcaatatgag 240 taaatgaaag ctatcctacc cccctttctt tttattctgt tttttatatc tcaatgttgt 300 ctgacaaatt taacgaatat ttttgcctat ataatcccca taagggagat ttttacattt 360 ttttctaaga ataaaattaa tatttttgct gaaaacgctt tttttgtgat aaaataatta 420 tagtaaataa aatagtttgt gaggagagaa atatgaaaga aaaaatcctt ttaggcggtt 480 atactaaacg tgtatctaaa ggcgtttaca gtgttctatt agatagcaag aaagctgaat 540 tgtcggcttt aactgaagtt gcagcggttc aaaatccaac ttatatcact cttgatcaaa 600 aagggcacct ctacacttgt gctgctgatg gaaatggtgg tggaattgct gcctttgatt 660 tcgatggtca aaatacaact cacctaggga atgtaacgag tactggagcc cctttgtgtt 720 atgtggctgt tgatgaagca cgtcaactcg tttatggtgc caactatcac ttgggtgaag 780 ttcgtgtgta caaaattcaa gctgatggtt cccttagatt aaccgataca gttaaacata 840 atggttctgg ccctcgacct gagcaagcaa gttctcatgt ccattactct gatttaactc 900 cagatggtcg tcttgttact tgtgatttag gtacagatga agtgactgtt tacgatgtta 960 ttggtgaagg taaactcaat atcgttacga tttatcgtgc cgaaaaagga atgggagctc 1020 gtcacatcag cttccatcct aatggaaaaa ttgcttatct cgtcggagaa ttaaattcaa 1080 ctattgaagt tctaagctat aatgaagaaa aaggacgatt cgctcgtctt caaacaatca 1140 gtactttacc tgaagactat cacggagcca atggagtagc tgctattcga atttcttctg 1200 atggtaagtt cctctatgct tctaatcgtg ggcacgactc tttagcaatt tacaaggtaa 1260 gtcctctcgg aacaaaatta gaatctattg gttggacaaa gactgaatat catattccac 1320 gcgattttaa ttttaataaa accgaagatt atatcattgt cgctcatcaa gaatctgata 1380 atttaactct tttcttgaga gataaaaata cagggtcatt aacgttagaa caaaaagact 1440 tttacgctcc tgaaattact tgtgttttac ctttgtaaaa actaaacttt agtaaatctt 1500 gcttttgttt tttcacaaag ttttactaaa tcagacaaaa aaatattgcc aaatctttaa 1560 aaggattggc aatatttttt tgtctgaaac ccttgcttat aaagcgattt ctaaaagttt 1620 gatgagtttt tttgtaaatt tcatcacaat atcgcttgac ttctttaaaa aactttgtta 1680 aactattcac gtaaaagaaa gtgaatggaa tcacaaagga gaacgtacac at atg gca 1738 Met Ala 1 act aaa aaa gcc gct cca gct gca aag aaa gtt tta agc gct gaa gaa 1786 Thr Lys Lys Ala Ala Pro Ala Ala Lys Lys Val Leu Ser Ala Glu Glu 5 10 15 aaa gcc gca aaa ttc caa gga agt gtc gct tat act gat caa tta gtc 1834 Lys Ala Ala Lys Phe Gln Gly Ser Val Ala Tyr Thr Asp Gln Leu Val 20 25 30 aaa aaa gct caa gct gca gtt ctt aaa ttt gaa gga tac aca caa act 1882 Lys Lys Ala Gln Ala Ala Val Leu Lys Phe Glu Gly Tyr Thr Gln Thr 35 40 45 50 caa gtt gat act att gtt gct gca atg gct ctt gca gca agc aaa cat 1930 Gln Val Asp Thr Ile Val Ala Ala Met Ala Leu Ala Ala Ser Lys His 55 60 65 tct ctg gaa ctc gct cac gaa gcc gtt aat gaa act ggc cgt gga gtt 1978 Ser Leu Glu Leu Ala His Glu Ala Val Asn Glu Thr Gly Arg Gly Val 70 75 80 gtt gag gac aaa gat aca aaa aac cat ttt gct tct gaa tct gtt tat 2026 Val Glu Asp Lys Asp Thr Lys Asn His Phe Ala Ser Glu Ser Val Tyr 85 90 95 aat gca atc aaa aat gat aaa aca gtt ggc gtt atc gct gaa aac aaa 2074 Asn Ala Ile Lys Asn Asp Lys Thr Val Gly Val Ile Ala Glu Asn Lys 100 105 110 gtt gct ggt tct gtt gaa atc gca agc ccc ctt gga gta ctt gct ggt 2122 Val Ala Gly Ser Val Glu Ile Ala Ser Pro Leu Gly Val Leu Ala Gly 115 120 125 130 att gtc cca aca act aat cca aca tca aca gcc atc ttt aaa tca tta 2170 Ile Val Pro Thr Thr Asn Pro Thr Ser Thr Ala Ile Phe Lys Ser Leu 135 140 145 tta act gca aag aca cgt aat gct att gtc ttt gcc ttt cac cca caa 2218 Leu Thr Ala Lys Thr Arg Asn Ala Ile Val Phe Ala Phe His Pro Gln 150 155 160 gca caa aaa tgc tca agc cat gcg gca aaa att gtt tat gat gct gcg 2266 Ala Gln Lys Cys Ser Ser His Ala Ala Lys Ile Val Tyr Asp Ala Ala 165 170 175 att gaa gct ggt gca cct gaa gac ttt att caa tgg att gaa gta ccc 2314 Ile Glu Ala Gly Ala Pro Glu Asp Phe Ile Gln Trp Ile Glu Val Pro 180 185 190 agt ctt gat atg acg act gct ttg att caa aat aga gga att gct aca 2362 Ser Leu Asp Met Thr Thr Ala Leu Ile Gln Asn Arg Gly Ile Ala Thr 195 200 205 210 att ctt gca act ggt ggt cca ggt atg gtc aat gcc gcg ctt aag tct 2410 Ile Leu Ala Thr Gly Gly Pro Gly Met Val Asn Ala Ala Leu Lys Ser 215 220 225 ggt aat cct tca ctt ggt gta ggt gct ggt aat ggt gca gtt tat gtt 2458 Gly Asn Pro Ser Leu Gly Val Gly Ala Gly Asn Gly Ala Val Tyr Val 230 235 240 gat gca act gca aat atc gat cgt gct gtt gaa gat ctt ttg ctt tca 2506 Asp Ala Thr Ala Asn Ile Asp Arg Ala Val Glu Asp Leu Leu Leu Ser 245 250 255 aaa cgt ttt gat aac gga atg att tgt gcg act gaa aac tct gca gtt 2554 Lys Arg Phe Asp Asn Gly Met Ile Cys Ala Thr Glu Asn Ser Ala Val 260 265 270 att gat gca tca atc tat gat gaa ttt gtc gct aaa atg cca acg caa 2602 Ile Asp Ala Ser Ile Tyr Asp Glu Phe Val Ala Lys Met Pro Thr Gln 275 280 285 290 ggc gct tat atg gtt cct aaa aaa gat tac aag gca att gaa agt ttt 2650 Gly Ala Tyr Met Val Pro Lys Lys Asp Tyr Lys Ala Ile Glu Ser Phe 295 300 305 gtt ttc gtt gaa cgt gct ggt gaa ggt ttt ggt gta act ggt cct gtt 2698 Val Phe Val Glu Arg Ala Gly Glu Gly Phe Gly Val Thr Gly Pro Val 310 315 320 gct ggt cgt tct ggt caa tgg att gct gaa caa gct ggt gtt aac gtc 2746 Ala Gly Arg Ser Gly Gln Trp Ile Ala Glu Gln Ala Gly Val Asn Val 325 330 335 cct aaa gat aaa gat gtt ctt ctt ttt gaa ctt gat aag aaa aat att 2794 Pro Lys Asp Lys Asp Val Leu Leu Phe Glu Leu Asp Lys Lys Asn Ile 340 345 350 ggg gaa gct ctt tct tct gaa aaa ctt tct cct ttg ctt tca atc tac 2842 Gly Glu Ala Leu Ser Ser Glu Lys Leu Ser Pro Leu Leu Ser Ile Tyr 355 360 365 370 aaa tca gaa aca cgt gaa gaa gga att gaa att gta cgt agc tta ctt 2890 Lys Ser Glu Thr Arg Glu Glu Gly Ile Glu Ile Val Arg Ser Leu Leu 375 380 385 gct tac caa gga gct ggt cac aac gct gcc att caa atc ggt gca atg 2938 Ala Tyr Gln Gly Ala Gly His Asn Ala Ala Ile Gln Ile Gly Ala Met 390 395 400 gac gac cca ttt gtc aaa gaa tac gga att aaa gtc gaa gct tct cgt 2986 Asp Asp Pro Phe Val Lys Glu Tyr Gly Ile Lys Val Glu Ala Ser Arg 405 410 415 atc ctc gtt aac caa cct gac tct atc ggt ggg gtc gga gat att tat 3034 Ile Leu Val Asn Gln Pro Asp Ser Ile Gly Gly Val Gly Asp Ile Tyr 420 425 430 act gat gca atg cgt cca tca ttg acg ctc gga act ggt tca tgg ggg 3082 Thr Asp Ala Met Arg Pro Ser Leu Thr Leu Gly Thr Gly Ser Trp Gly 435 440 445 450 aaa aat tca ctt tca cac aat ttg agt aca tac gat cta ttg aat gtt 3130 Lys Asn Ser Leu Ser His Asn Leu Ser Thr Tyr Asp Leu Leu Asn Val 455 460 465 aaa aca gtg gct aaa cgt cgt aat cgc cct caa tgg gtt cgt ttg cca 3178 Lys Thr Val Ala Lys Arg Arg Asn Arg Pro Gln Trp Val Arg Leu Pro 470 475 480 aaa gaa att tac tac gaa aaa aat gca att tct tac tta caa gaa ttg 3226 Lys Glu Ile Tyr Tyr Glu Lys Asn Ala Ile Ser Tyr Leu Gln Glu Leu 485 490 495 cca cac gtc cac aaa gct ttc att gtt gcc gac cct ggt atg gtt aaa 3274 Pro His Val His Lys Ala Phe Ile Val Ala Asp Pro Gly Met Val Lys 500 505 510 ttc ggt ttc gtt gat aaa gtt ttg gaa caa ctt gct atc cgc cca act 3322 Phe Gly Phe Val Asp Lys Val Leu Glu Gln Leu Ala Ile Arg Pro Thr 515 520 525 530 caa gtt gaa aca agc att tat ggc tca gtc caa cct gac cca act ttg 3370 Gln Val Glu Thr Ser Ile Tyr Gly Ser Val Gln Pro Asp Pro Thr Leu 535 540 545 agt gaa gca att gca atc gct cgt caa atg aac cat ttt gaa cct gac 3418 Ser Glu Ala Ile Ala Ile Ala Arg Gln Met Asn His Phe Glu Pro Asp 550 555 560 act gtc atc tgt ctt ggt ggt ggt tct gct ctc gat gct ggt aag att 3466 Thr Val Ile Cys Leu Gly Gly Gly Ser Ala Leu Asp Ala Gly Lys Ile 565 570 575 ggt cgt ttg att tat gaa tat gat gct cgt ggt gag gct gac ctt tcc 3514 Gly Arg Leu Ile Tyr Glu Tyr Asp Ala Arg Gly Glu Ala Asp Leu Ser 580 585 590 gat gac gca agt ttg aaa gag atc ttc caa gag tta gct caa aaa ttt 3562 Asp Asp Ala Ser Leu Lys Glu Ile Phe Gln Glu Leu Ala Gln Lys Phe 595 600 605 610 gtt gat att cgt aaa cgt att atc aaa ttc tac cac cca cac aaa gca 3610 Val Asp Ile Arg Lys Arg Ile Ile Lys Phe Tyr His Pro His Lys Ala 615 620 625 caa atg gtt gct atc cct act act tct ggt act ggt tct gaa gtg act 3658 Gln Met Val Ala Ile Pro Thr Thr Ser Gly Thr Gly Ser Glu Val Thr 630 635 640 cca ttt gcg gtt atc act gat gat gaa act cac gtt aaa tat cca ctt 3706 Pro Phe Ala Val Ile Thr Asp Asp Glu Thr His Val Lys Tyr Pro Leu 645 650 655 gct gac tat caa ttg aca cct caa gtt gcc att gtt gac cct gag ttt 3754 Ala Asp Tyr Gln Leu Thr Pro Gln Val Ala Ile Val Asp Pro Glu Phe 660 665 670 gtt atg act gta cca aaa cgt act gtt tct tgg tct ggg att gat gct 3802 Val Met Thr Val Pro Lys Arg Thr Val Ser Trp Ser Gly Ile Asp Ala 675 680 685 690 atg tca cac gcg ctt gaa tct tat gtt tct gtc atg tct tct gac tat 3850 Met Ser His Ala Leu Glu Ser Tyr Val Ser Val Met Ser Ser Asp Tyr 695 700 705 aca aaa cca att tca ctt caa gcc atc aaa ctc atc ttt gaa aac ttg 3898 Thr Lys Pro Ile Ser Leu Gln Ala Ile Lys Leu Ile Phe Glu Asn Leu 710 715 720 act gag tct tat cat tat gac cca gct cat cca acc aaa gaa ggt caa 3946 Thr Glu Ser Tyr His Tyr Asp Pro Ala His Pro Thr Lys Glu Gly Gln 725 730 735 aaa gct cgc gaa aac atg cac aat gct gca aca ctc gct ggt atg gcc 3994 Lys Ala Arg Glu Asn Met His Asn Ala Ala Thr Leu Ala Gly Met Ala 740 745 750 ttc gcc aat gct ttc ctt gga att aac cac tca ctt gct cat aaa att 4042 Phe Ala Asn Ala Phe Leu Gly Ile Asn His Ser Leu Ala His Lys Ile 755 760 765 770 gct ggt gaa ttt ggg ctt cct cat ggt ctt gcc att gct atc gct atg 4090 Ala Gly Glu Phe Gly Leu Pro His Gly Leu Ala Ile Ala Ile Ala Met 775 780 785 cca cat gtc att aaa ttt aac gct gta aca gga aac gtt aaa ttt acc 4138 Pro His Val Ile Lys Phe Asn Ala Val Thr Gly Asn Val Lys Phe Thr 790 795 800 cct tac cca cgt tat gaa act tat cgt gcg caa gaa gac tac gct gaa 4186 Pro Tyr Pro Arg Tyr Glu Thr Tyr Arg Ala Gln Glu Asp Tyr Ala Glu 805 810 815 att tca cgc ttc atg gga ttt gct ggc aaa gaa gat tca gat gaa aaa 4234 Ile Ser Arg Phe Met Gly Phe Ala Gly Lys Glu Asp Ser Asp Glu Lys 820 825 830 gcg gtc aaa gct ttg gtt gct gaa ctt aaa aaa ttg act gat agt att 4282 Ala Val Lys Ala Leu Val Ala Glu Leu Lys Lys Leu Thr Asp Ser Ile 835 840 845 850 gat att aat atc acc ctt tca gga aat ggt gta gat aaa gct cat ctt 4330 Asp Ile Asn Ile Thr Leu Ser Gly Asn Gly Val Asp Lys Ala His Leu 855 860 865 gaa cgt gag ctt gat aaa ttg gct gac ctt gtt tac gat gac caa tgt 4378 Glu Arg Glu Leu Asp Lys Leu Ala Asp Leu Val Tyr Asp Asp Gln Cys 870 875 880 aca cct gct aat cca cgt caa cca aga att gat gag att aaa caa ctc 4426 Thr Pro Ala Asn Pro Arg Gln Pro Arg Ile Asp Glu Ile Lys Gln Leu 885 890 895 ttg tta gac caa tat taatatatta attatagtat ttggaaccga acgatatcca 4481 Leu Leu Asp Gln Tyr 900 tgctcgctaa cctgctaaag caggaagtcg caatggtacg tcaaccaaga attgatgaga 4541 ttaaacaact cttgttagat caatactaat aatctgttga taaaaataat taaaacgctc 4601 tgatgaattc gtcagagcgt tttttattat agcttataca actatcaaaa ggtataaatc 4661 aatttcgata taggctcttt tcactccatt gatttatatt tatataaaaa tcaataatta 4721 attagcgata gaagtgatcc 4741 31 903 PRT Lactococcus lactis 31 Met Ala Thr Lys Lys Ala Ala Pro Ala Ala Lys Lys Val Leu Ser Ala 1 5 10 15 Glu Glu Lys Ala Ala Lys Phe Gln Gly Ser Val Ala Tyr Thr Asp Gln 20 25 30 Leu Val Lys Lys Ala Gln Ala Ala Val Leu Lys Phe Glu Gly Tyr Thr 35 40 45 Gln Thr Gln Val Asp Thr Ile Val Ala Ala Met Ala Leu Ala Ala Ser 50 55 60 Lys His Ser Leu Glu Leu Ala His Glu Ala Val Asn Glu Thr Gly Arg 65 70 75 80 Gly Val Val Glu Asp Lys Asp Thr Lys Asn His Phe Ala Ser Glu Ser 85 90 95 Val Tyr Asn Ala Ile Lys Asn Asp Lys Thr Val Gly Val Ile Ala Glu 100 105 110 Asn Lys Val Ala Gly Ser Val Glu Ile Ala Ser Pro Leu Gly Val Leu 115 120 125 Ala Gly Ile Val Pro Thr Thr Asn Pro Thr Ser Thr Ala Ile Phe Lys 130 135 140 Ser Leu Leu Thr Ala Lys Thr Arg Asn Ala Ile Val Phe Ala Phe His 145 150 155 160 Pro Gln Ala Gln Lys Cys Ser Ser His Ala Ala Lys Ile Val Tyr Asp 165 170 175 Ala Ala Ile Glu Ala Gly Ala Pro Glu Asp Phe Ile Gln Trp Ile Glu 180 185 190 Val Pro Ser Leu Asp Met Thr Thr Ala Leu Ile Gln Asn Arg Gly Ile 195 200 205 Ala Thr Ile Leu Ala Thr Gly Gly Pro Gly Met Val Asn Ala Ala Leu 210 215 220 Lys Ser Gly Asn Pro Ser Leu Gly Val Gly Ala Gly Asn Gly Ala Val 225 230 235 240 Tyr Val Asp Ala Thr Ala Asn Ile Asp Arg Ala Val Glu Asp Leu Leu 245 250 255 Leu Ser Lys Arg Phe Asp Asn Gly Met Ile Cys Ala Thr Glu Asn Ser 260 265 270 Ala Val Ile Asp Ala Ser Ile Tyr Asp Glu Phe Val Ala Lys Met Pro 275 280 285 Thr Gln Gly Ala Tyr Met Val Pro Lys Lys Asp Tyr Lys Ala Ile Glu 290 295 300 Ser Phe Val Phe Val Glu Arg Ala Gly Glu Gly Phe Gly Val Thr Gly 305 310 315 320 Pro Val Ala Gly Arg Ser Gly Gln Trp Ile Ala Glu Gln Ala Gly Val 325 330 335 Asn Val Pro Lys Asp Lys Asp Val Leu Leu Phe Glu Leu Asp Lys Lys 340 345 350 Asn Ile Gly Glu Ala Leu Ser Ser Glu Lys Leu Ser Pro Leu Leu Ser 355 360 365 Ile Tyr Lys Ser Glu Thr Arg Glu Glu Gly Ile Glu Ile Val Arg Ser 370 375 380 Leu Leu Ala Tyr Gln Gly Ala Gly His Asn Ala Ala Ile Gln Ile Gly 385 390 395 400 Ala Met Asp Asp Pro Phe Val Lys Glu Tyr Gly Ile Lys Val Glu Ala 405 410 415 Ser Arg Ile Leu Val Asn Gln Pro Asp Ser Ile Gly Gly Val Gly Asp 420 425 430 Ile Tyr Thr Asp Ala Met Arg Pro Ser Leu Thr Leu Gly Thr Gly Ser 435 440 445 Trp Gly Lys Asn Ser Leu Ser His Asn Leu Ser Thr Tyr Asp Leu Leu 450 455 460 Asn Val Lys Thr Val Ala Lys Arg Arg Asn Arg Pro Gln Trp Val Arg 465 470 475 480 Leu Pro Lys Glu Ile Tyr Tyr Glu Lys Asn Ala Ile Ser Tyr Leu Gln 485 490 495 Glu Leu Pro His Val His Lys Ala Phe Ile Val Ala Asp Pro Gly Met 500 505 510 Val Lys Phe Gly Phe Val Asp Lys Val Leu Glu Gln Leu Ala Ile Arg 515 520 525 Pro Thr Gln Val Glu Thr Ser Ile Tyr Gly Ser Val Gln Pro Asp Pro 530 535 540 Thr Leu Ser Glu Ala Ile Ala Ile Ala Arg Gln Met Asn His Phe Glu 545 550 555 560 Pro Asp Thr Val Ile Cys Leu Gly Gly Gly Ser Ala Leu Asp Ala Gly 565 570 575 Lys Ile Gly Arg Leu Ile Tyr Glu Tyr Asp Ala Arg Gly Glu Ala Asp 580 585 590 Leu Ser Asp Asp Ala Ser Leu Lys Glu Ile Phe Gln Glu Leu Ala Gln 595 600 605 Lys Phe Val Asp Ile Arg Lys Arg Ile Ile Lys Phe Tyr His Pro His 610 615 620 Lys Ala Gln Met Val Ala Ile Pro Thr Thr Ser Gly Thr Gly Ser Glu 625 630 635 640 Val Thr Pro Phe Ala Val Ile Thr Asp Asp Glu Thr His Val Lys Tyr 645 650 655 Pro Leu Ala Asp Tyr Gln Leu Thr Pro Gln Val Ala Ile Val Asp Pro 660 665 670 Glu Phe Val Met Thr Val Pro Lys Arg Thr Val Ser Trp Ser Gly Ile 675 680 685 Asp Ala Met Ser His Ala Leu Glu Ser Tyr Val Ser Val Met Ser Ser 690 695 700 Asp Tyr Thr Lys Pro Ile Ser Leu Gln Ala Ile Lys Leu Ile Phe Glu 705 710 715 720 Asn Leu Thr Glu Ser Tyr His Tyr Asp Pro Ala His Pro Thr Lys Glu 725 730 735 Gly Gln Lys Ala Arg Glu Asn Met His Asn Ala Ala Thr Leu Ala Gly 740 745 750 Met Ala Phe Ala Asn Ala Phe Leu Gly Ile Asn His Ser Leu Ala His 755 760 765 Lys Ile Ala Gly Glu Phe Gly Leu Pro His Gly Leu Ala Ile Ala Ile 770 775 780 Ala Met Pro His Val Ile Lys Phe Asn Ala Val Thr Gly Asn Val Lys 785 790 795 800 Phe Thr Pro Tyr Pro Arg Tyr Glu Thr Tyr Arg Ala Gln Glu Asp Tyr 805 810 815 Ala Glu Ile Ser Arg Phe Met Gly Phe Ala Gly Lys Glu Asp Ser Asp 820 825 830 Glu Lys Ala Val Lys Ala Leu Val Ala Glu Leu Lys Lys Leu Thr Asp 835 840 845 Ser Ile Asp Ile Asn Ile Thr Leu Ser Gly Asn Gly Val Asp Lys Ala 850 855 860 His Leu Glu Arg Glu Leu Asp Lys Leu Ala Asp Leu Val Tyr Asp Asp 865 870 875 880 Gln Cys Thr Pro Ala Asn Pro Arg Gln Pro Arg Ile Asp Glu Ile Lys 885 890 895 Gln Leu Leu Leu Asp Gln Tyr 900 32 31 DNA Artificial Sequence Primer adhP1-XhoI 32 ggccgctcga ggttgaacgt gctggtgaag g 31 33 31 DNA Artificial Sequence Primer adhP2-BamHI 33 tagtaggatc cgggtcaggt tggactgagc c 31 34 1750 DNA Lactococcus lactis CDS (464)..(1378) 34 gcgcctagat aagaaacagc aacagctaaa agataggtat caaaagcact tgatttaaaa 60 ataatgactt tatccgattt tttgattccc aactcagata agagacttgc cttatcaaca 120 attgcttgat gagtcttttg gtaagtcgtt tcaagagcta gttcggggaa agctccaaca 180 gcctcatcaa agataattgg gctatcagga aactgttcag ctgatttttt aaagtttaga 240 tacaaattta ggggttcgtg tttgaatttc aaaaaaaatc tcctcaagtt aataagttta 300 ttatatcaca aagtattctt tagaccaata gttaatgtaa atgttttctt aagtcgtaga 360 gaataaaatt ctcggaaaaa aagtctaaaa tctgctacaa ttaaagggac actaagagga 420 ttccaatcct cttttatcag gaaaagaagg gatagatagg aaa atg att aaa aat 475 Met Ile Lys Asn 1 tat gaa cta tcc aac gaa aaa aaa tta att tca acc tct gaa atg aag 523 Tyr Glu Leu Ser Asn Glu Lys Lys Leu Ile Ser Thr Ser Glu Met Lys 5 10 15 20 aat ttc acc tat gtt ctc aat cca aca cgt gaa gaa att ggg aat att 571 Asn Phe Thr Tyr Val Leu Asn Pro Thr Arg Glu Glu Ile Gly Asn Ile 25 30 35 tct gaa tac tat gac ttc cct ttt gac tat tta tca gga att ttg gat 619 Ser Glu Tyr Tyr Asp Phe Pro Phe Asp Tyr Leu Ser Gly Ile Leu Asp 40 45 50 gac tat gaa aat gcc cgt ttt gaa aca gat gat aat gat aat aat ctg 667 Asp Tyr Glu Asn Ala Arg Phe Glu Thr Asp Asp Asn Asp Asn Asn Leu 55 60 65 att ctc tta caa tat cct cca ctc tct aat tat gga gaa gtg gcg act 715 Ile Leu Leu Gln Tyr Pro Pro Leu Ser Asn Tyr Gly Glu Val Ala Thr 70 75 80 ttt cca tat tct ttg gtt tgg act aaa aat gaa tcg gtt att tta gca 763 Phe Pro Tyr Ser Leu Val Trp Thr Lys Asn Glu Ser Val Ile Leu Ala 85 90 95 100 ctt aat cat gag att gat aat ggc tta att ttc gag cgt gaa tat gat 811 Leu Asn His Glu Ile Asp Asn Gly Leu Ile Phe Glu Arg Glu Tyr Asp 105 110 115 tat aaa cgc tac aaa cat caa gtt att ttt caa gtg atg tat caa atg 859 Tyr Lys Arg Tyr Lys His Gln Val Ile Phe Gln Val Met Tyr Gln Met 120 125 130 aca cac act ttc cat gat tat ttg aga gat ttc cga aca agg cgt cgc 907 Thr His Thr Phe His Asp Tyr Leu Arg Asp Phe Arg Thr Arg Arg Arg 135 140 145 aga ctt gaa cag gga atc aaa aat tca aca aag aac gac caa att gtt 955 Arg Leu Glu Gln Gly Ile Lys Asn Ser Thr Lys Asn Asp Gln Ile Val 150 155 160 gat ttg att gcc att caa gca agt tta att tat ttt gaa gat gcc ttg 1003 Asp Leu Ile Ala Ile Gln Ala Ser Leu Ile Tyr Phe Glu Asp Ala Leu 165 170 175 180 cac aat aat atg caa gta ctt cag gat ttt att gat tac ttg aga gaa 1051 His Asn Asn Met Gln Val Leu Gln Asp Phe Ile Asp Tyr Leu Arg Glu 185 190 195 gat gat gaa gac ggt ttt gct gaa aag att tat gat att ttt gtc gaa 1099 Asp Asp Glu Asp Gly Phe Ala Glu Lys Ile Tyr Asp Ile Phe Val Glu 200 205 210 aca gac caa gct tat aca gaa acc aag att cag ctc aag tta cta gaa 1147 Thr Asp Gln Ala Tyr Thr Glu Thr Lys Ile Gln Leu Lys Leu Leu Glu 215 220 225 aat ctc cga gat ttg ttc tca aac aat gtc tct aat aac ttg aac att 1195 Asn Leu Arg Asp Leu Phe Ser Asn Asn Val Ser Asn Asn Leu Asn Ile 230 235 240 gtc atg aaa atc atg aca tca gct act ttc gtt cta ggg att cct gca 1243 Val Met Lys Ile Met Thr Ser Ala Thr Phe Val Leu Gly Ile Pro Ala 245 250 255 260 gta att gtt ggt ttt tac gga atg aat gtt cca att cct ggt caa aat 1291 Val Ile Val Gly Phe Tyr Gly Met Asn Val Pro Ile Pro Gly Gln Asn 265 270 275 ttt aat tgg atg gtt tgg ctt att tta gtt cta gga att tta tta tgt 1339 Phe Asn Trp Met Val Trp Leu Ile Leu Val Leu Gly Ile Leu Leu Cys 280 285 290 gtt tgg gtc act tgg tgg tta cat aaa aaa gat atg tta taaaatggag 1388 Val Trp Val Thr Trp Trp Leu His Lys Lys Asp Met Leu 295 300 305 aaaaatctcc atttttttgc tctttgtgaa aaaattaatt agtgattgca gattatgaag 1448 ttagcaatgt ttgttaaaac tattttgtga attatttatg aaaacgtttt aaaaaagtat 1508 aacagatatt aaaataattg gaactgtatt agtaaagaat ctgtaatttc tcttgaattc 1568 tgtttgctat tctcaaactg tatgatataa tgaagttgta atttgaaaca gaaagaacaa 1628 aggagatttc aaaatgaaaa ccgaagttac ggaaaatatc tttgaacaag cttgggatgg 1688 ttttaaagga accaactggc gcgataaagc aagcgttact cgctttgtac aagaaaacta 1748 ca 1750 35 305 PRT Lactococcus lactis 35 Met Ile Lys Asn Tyr Glu Leu Ser Asn Glu Lys Lys Leu Ile Ser Thr 1 5 10 15 Ser Glu Met Lys Asn Phe Thr Tyr Val Leu Asn Pro Thr Arg Glu Glu 20 25 30 Ile Gly Asn Ile Ser Glu Tyr Tyr Asp Phe Pro Phe Asp Tyr Leu Ser 35 40 45 Gly Ile Leu Asp Asp Tyr Glu Asn Ala Arg Phe Glu Thr Asp Asp Asn 50 55 60 Asp Asn Asn Leu Ile Leu Leu Gln Tyr Pro Pro Leu Ser Asn Tyr Gly 65 70 75 80 Glu Val Ala Thr Phe Pro Tyr Ser Leu Val Trp Thr Lys Asn Glu Ser 85 90 95 Val Ile Leu Ala Leu Asn His Glu Ile Asp Asn Gly Leu Ile Phe Glu 100 105 110 Arg Glu Tyr Asp Tyr Lys Arg Tyr Lys His Gln Val Ile Phe Gln Val 115 120 125 Met Tyr Gln Met Thr His Thr Phe His Asp Tyr Leu Arg Asp Phe Arg 130 135 140 Thr Arg Arg Arg Arg Leu Glu Gln Gly Ile Lys Asn Ser Thr Lys Asn 145 150 155 160 Asp Gln Ile Val Asp Leu Ile Ala Ile Gln Ala Ser Leu Ile Tyr Phe 165 170 175 Glu Asp Ala Leu His Asn Asn Met Gln Val Leu Gln Asp Phe Ile Asp 180 185 190 Tyr Leu Arg Glu Asp Asp Glu Asp Gly Phe Ala Glu Lys Ile Tyr Asp 195 200 205 Ile Phe Val Glu Thr Asp Gln Ala Tyr Thr Glu Thr Lys Ile Gln Leu 210 215 220 Lys Leu Leu Glu Asn Leu Arg Asp Leu Phe Ser Asn Asn Val Ser Asn 225 230 235 240 Asn Leu Asn Ile Val Met Lys Ile Met Thr Ser Ala Thr Phe Val Leu 245 250 255 Gly Ile Pro Ala Val Ile Val Gly Phe Tyr Gly Met Asn Val Pro Ile 260 265 270 Pro Gly Gln Asn Phe Asn Trp Met Val Trp Leu Ile Leu Val Leu Gly 275 280 285 Ile Leu Leu Cys Val Trp Val Thr Trp Trp Leu His Lys Lys Asp Met 290 295 300 Leu 305 36 4191 DNA Lactococcus lactis CDS (270)..(1184) 36 ttgggctata aggaaattgt tctgctgatt ttttaaagtt tagatatagg tttaggggtt 60 catgtttgaa tttcaaaaaa agtctcctca agttaataag tttattatat cacaaagtat 120 tatttagacc aacttccttc aaaaaacttt tcgttaaggc tttgaaataa aataatgaga 180 aaaaaatagg aaaatctgct acaattagaa ggagaagaag aggatttaaa tcctttttta 240 ttaggaaaag aagggataga taggctgat atg ata aaa aat tat gaa cta tcc 293 Met Ile Lys Asn Tyr Glu Leu Ser 1 5 aat gaa aaa aaa ttg atc tca act tct gag atg aag aat ttc act tat 341 Asn Glu Lys Lys Leu Ile Ser Thr Ser Glu Met Lys Asn Phe Thr Tyr 10 15 20 gtc ctc aat cca aca cgt gaa gaa att ggg aat atc tca gaa cac tat 389 Val Leu Asn Pro Thr Arg Glu Glu Ile Gly Asn Ile Ser Glu His Tyr 25 30 35 40 gat ttt cct ttt gac tat cta tct gga att tta gat gac tat gaa aat 437 Asp Phe Pro Phe Asp Tyr Leu Ser Gly Ile Leu Asp Asp Tyr Glu Asn 45 50 55 gcc cgt ttt gaa aca gat gat aat gac aat aat ctg att ctt ttg caa 485 Ala Arg Phe Glu Thr Asp Asp Asn Asp Asn Asn Leu Ile Leu Leu Gln 60 65 70 tat ccc gcc ttg tcc aac tat gga gaa gtg gcc act ttt cca tat tct 533 Tyr Pro Ala Leu Ser Asn Tyr Gly Glu Val Ala Thr Phe Pro Tyr Ser 75 80 85 ttg gtt tgg act aag aat gaa tcg gtt att ttg gcc ctt aac cat gaa 581 Leu Val Trp Thr Lys Asn Glu Ser Val Ile Leu Ala Leu Asn His Glu 90 95 100 att gat aat ggt ctc att ttt gaa cga gaa tat gat tat aaa cgc tat 629 Ile Asp Asn Gly Leu Ile Phe Glu Arg Glu Tyr Asp Tyr Lys Arg Tyr 105 110 115 120 aaa cac caa ttg att ttt caa gtg atg tac caa atg act cat act ttt 677 Lys His Gln Leu Ile Phe Gln Val Met Tyr Gln Met Thr His Thr Phe 125 130 135 cat gat tat ttg aga gac ttt aga aca agg cgc cgc cgg ctt gaa gtt 725 His Asp Tyr Leu Arg Asp Phe Arg Thr Arg Arg Arg Arg Leu Glu Val 140 145 150 ggt atc aaa aat tca aca aaa aat gac caa att gtt gac tta att gcc 773 Gly Ile Lys Asn Ser Thr Lys Asn Asp Gln Ile Val Asp Leu Ile Ala 155 160 165 att caa gcg agt ttg att tat ttt gaa gat gcg ctg cac aat aat atg 821 Ile Gln Ala Ser Leu Ile Tyr Phe Glu Asp Ala Leu His Asn Asn Met 170 175 180 caa gtt ctc cag aat ttt att gat tac tta cga gaa gat gat gaa gat 869 Gln Val Leu Gln Asn Phe Ile Asp Tyr Leu Arg Glu Asp Asp Glu Asp 185 190 195 200 ggt ttt gcc gaa aaa atc tat gat att ttt gtc gaa aca gac caa gct 917 Gly Phe Ala Glu Lys Ile Tyr Asp Ile Phe Val Glu Thr Asp Gln Ala 205 210 215 tat aca gaa acc aag att cag ctc aag tta cta gaa aat ctc cga gat 965 Tyr Thr Glu Thr Lys Ile Gln Leu Lys Leu Leu Glu Asn Leu Arg Asp 220 225 230 ttg ttc tca aac att gtc tct aat aat ttg aat atc gtc atg aaa att 1013 Leu Phe Ser Asn Ile Val Ser Asn Asn Leu Asn Ile Val Met Lys Ile 235 240 245 atg acc tca gca aca ttt gtt cta ggt att ccg gcg gtt att gtc ggc 1061 Met Thr Ser Ala Thr Phe Val Leu Gly Ile Pro Ala Val Ile Val Gly 250 255 260 ttt tat gga atg aat gtt ccg att cct ggt caa aat ttt aat tgg atg 1109 Phe Tyr Gly Met Asn Val Pro Ile Pro Gly Gln Asn Phe Asn Trp Met 265 270 275 280 gtc tgg ctc att ttg gtg ttt gga att tta tta tgt gtt tgg gtt act 1157 Val Trp Leu Ile Leu Val Phe Gly Ile Leu Leu Cys Val Trp Val Thr 285 290 295 tgg tgg cta cac aaa aaa gat atg tta tgaatggaga aaatttctcc 1204 Trp Trp Leu His Lys Lys Asp Met Leu 300 305 gtttttttat ctttgtgaaa aaattaatta gtgataataa atcatgaagt tagcaatgtt 1264 tgtcaaagct atttagtgaa ttaattatga aaacgtttta aaaaagtata acagatatta 1324 aaataattga aactgtatta gtaaagaatc tgtaatttct cttgaattct gtttgctatt 1384 atcaaactgt atgatataat gaagttgtaa tttgaaacag aaagaacaaa ggagatttca 1444 aaatgaaaac cgaagttacg gaaaatatct ttgaacaagc ttgggatggt tttaaaggaa 1504 ctaactggcg cgataaagca agcgttactc gctttgtaca agaaaactac aaaccatatg 1564 atggtgatga aagctttctt gctgggccaa cagaacgtac acttaaagta aagaaaatta 1624 ttgaagatac aaaaaatcac tacgaagaag taggatttcc ctttgatact gaccgcgtaa 1684 cctctatcga taaaattcct gctggatata ttgatgctaa tgataaagaa cttgaactca 1744 tctatgggat gcaaaatagc gaacttttcc gcttaaactt catgccaaga ggtggtcttc 1804 gtgttgctga aaagattttg acagaacacg gtctttcagt tgacccaggt ttgcatgatg 1864 ttttgtcaca aacaatgact tctgtaaatg atggaatctt ccgtgcttat acttcagcaa 1924 ttcgtaaagc acgtcacgct cacactgtaa caggtttgcc tgatgcatac tctcgtggac 1984 gtatcatcgg ggtatatgca cgtcttgctc tttatggagc tgactacctt atgaaggaaa 2044 aagcaaaaga atgggatgca atcactgaaa ttaatgatga taacattcgt cttaaagaag 2104 aaattaacat gcaataccaa gctttgcaag aagttgtaaa ctttggtgct ttgtatggtc 2164 ttgacgtttc tcgtccagcg atgaacgtaa aagaagcaat ccaatgggtt aatattgcat 2224 acatggcagt ttgtcgtgtt atcaatggtg ctgcaacttc acttggacgt gtgccaatcg 2284 ttcttgacat ctttgcagaa cgtgaccttg ctcgtggaac atttactgag caagaaatcc 2344 aagaatttgt tgatgatttc attttaaaac ttcgtacaat gaaatttgct cgtgctgctg 2404 cttatgatga actttattct ggtgacccca cgttcatcac aacatctatg gctggtatgg 2464 gtaatgacgg acgccaccgt gtcactaaaa tggactatcg tttcttgaac acacttgata 2524 caatcggaaa tgctccagaa ccaaacttga cagttctttg ggactctaaa ctcccatatt 2584 cattcaaacg ttattcaatg tctatgagtc acaaacactc atctatccaa tatgaaggtg 2644 ttgaaacaat ggctaaagat ggatatggcg aaatgtcatg tatctcttgt tgtgtctcac 2704 cacttgaccc agaaaatgaa gaaggacgtc ataatctcca atactttggt gcgcgtgtaa 2764 acgtcttgaa agcaatgttg actggtttga acggtggtta cgatgacgtt cataaagatt 2824 ataaagtatt cgatattgaa cctgttcgtg atgaaattct tgactatgat acagttatgg 2884 aaaacttcga caaatcactc aactggttga cagatactta tgttgatgca atgaatatca 2944 ttcactacat gactgacaaa tataactatg aagcagttca aatggccttc ttgcctacta 3004 aagttcgtgc taacatggga tttggtatct gtggtttcgc aaatacagtt gattcacttt 3064 cagcgattaa atatgctaaa gttaaaactt tgcgtgatga aaatggctac atctacgatt 3124 atgaagtaga aggtgacttc ccacgttatg gtgaagatga tgaccgtgct gatgatatcg 3184 ctaaacttgt catgaaaatg taccatgaaa aattagcttc acacaaactt tacaaaaatg 3244 ctgaagctac tgtttcactt ttgacaatca catctaacgt tgcttactct aaacaaactg 3304 gtaactctcc agttcataaa ggagtattcc tcaatgaaga tggtacagtc aacaaatcta 3364 aacttgaatt cttctcacca ggtgctaacc catctaacaa agctaaaggt ggatggttgc 3424 aaaatcttcg ttcattagct aaattggaat tcaaagatgc aaatgacggt atttcattaa 3484 ctactcaagt ttctcctcgt gcacttggta aaactcgtga tgaacaagta gataacttgg 3544 ttcaaattct tgatggatac ttcacaccag gagctttgat taatggtact gaatttgcag 3604 gtcaacacgt taacttgaac gttatggacc ttaaagatgt ttacgataaa atcatgcgtg 3664 gtgaagatgt tatcgttcgt atctctggat actgtgttaa cactaaatac ctcacacctg 3724 aacaaaaaca agaattgact gaacgtgtct tccatgaagt actttcaaat gatgatgaag 3784 aagtaatgca cacttcaaat atctaattct tagtattaaa aaatataagg tctgtcagtt 3844 ctactgacag actttttttc tataaattaa ttataatagt taaaaactat tatttttagt 3904 ttaagaaaaa taaaatttgt gctaaaatag atgaatgata aaggtaattg gattaacagg 3964 cggaattgcg agtgggaaat caacggtggt tgattttttg atttctgaag gttatcaagt 4024 aattgatgct gacaaagttg ttcgtcagtt gcaagaacct gatgggaaac tttttaatgc 4084 aataatggaa actttcggtt cagattttac tgacgaaaat gggaaattaa accgatgcaa 4144 aattgagtgc ttaagttttg ctgacccaaa tcaacgtcaa aaattat 4191 37 305 PRT Lactococcus lactis 37 Met Ile Lys Asn Tyr Glu Leu Ser Asn Glu Lys Lys Leu Ile Ser Thr 1 5 10 15 Ser Glu Met Lys Asn Phe Thr Tyr Val Leu Asn Pro Thr Arg Glu Glu 20 25 30 Ile Gly Asn Ile Ser Glu His Tyr Asp Phe Pro Phe Asp Tyr Leu Ser 35 40 45 Gly Ile Leu Asp Asp Tyr Glu Asn Ala Arg Phe Glu Thr Asp Asp Asn 50 55 60 Asp Asn Asn Leu Ile Leu Leu Gln Tyr Pro Ala Leu Ser Asn Tyr Gly 65 70 75 80 Glu Val Ala Thr Phe Pro Tyr Ser Leu Val Trp Thr Lys Asn Glu Ser 85 90 95 Val Ile Leu Ala Leu Asn His Glu Ile Asp Asn Gly Leu Ile Phe Glu 100 105 110 Arg Glu Tyr Asp Tyr Lys Arg Tyr Lys His Gln Leu Ile Phe Gln Val 115 120 125 Met Tyr Gln Met Thr His Thr Phe His Asp Tyr Leu Arg Asp Phe Arg 130 135 140 Thr Arg Arg Arg Arg Leu Glu Val Gly Ile Lys Asn Ser Thr Lys Asn 145 150 155 160 Asp Gln Ile Val Asp Leu Ile Ala Ile Gln Ala Ser Leu Ile Tyr Phe 165 170 175 Glu Asp Ala Leu His Asn Asn Met Gln Val Leu Gln Asn Phe Ile Asp 180 185 190 Tyr Leu Arg Glu Asp Asp Glu Asp Gly Phe Ala Glu Lys Ile Tyr Asp 195 200 205 Ile Phe Val Glu Thr Asp Gln Ala Tyr Thr Glu Thr Lys Ile Gln Leu 210 215 220 Lys Leu Leu Glu Asn Leu Arg Asp Leu Phe Ser Asn Ile Val Ser Asn 225 230 235 240 Asn Leu Asn Ile Val Met Lys Ile Met Thr Ser Ala Thr Phe Val Leu 245 250 255 Gly Ile Pro Ala Val Ile Val Gly Phe Tyr Gly Met Asn Val Pro Ile 260 265 270 Pro Gly Gln Asn Phe Asn Trp Met Val Trp Leu Ile Leu Val Phe Gly 275 280 285 Ile Leu Leu Cys Val Trp Val Thr Trp Trp Leu His Lys Lys Asp Met 290 295 300 Leu 305 38 4191 DNA Lactococcus lactis CDS (1447)..(3807) 38 ttgggctata aggaaattgt tctgctgatt ttttaaagtt tagatatagg tttaggggtt 60 catgtttgaa tttcaaaaaa agtctcctca agttaataag tttattatat cacaaagtat 120 tatttagacc aacttccttc aaaaaacttt tcgttaaggc tttgaaataa aataatgaga 180 aaaaaatagg aaaatctgct acaattagaa ggagaagaag aggatttaaa tcctttttta 240 ttaggaaaag aagggataga taggctgata tgataaaaaa ttatgaacta tccaatgaaa 300 aaaaattgat ctcaacttct gagatgaaga atttcactta tgtcctcaat ccaacacgtg 360 aagaaattgg gaatatctca gaacactatg attttccttt tgactatcta tctggaattt 420 tagatgacta tgaaaatgcc cgttttgaaa cagatgataa tgacaataat ctgattcttt 480 tgcaatatcc cgccttgtcc aactatggag aagtggccac ttttccatat tctttggttt 540 ggactaagaa tgaatcggtt attttggccc ttaaccatga aattgataat ggtctcattt 600 ttgaacgaga atatgattat aaacgctata aacaccaatt gatttttcaa gtgatgtacc 660 aaatgactca tacttttcat gattatttga gagactttag aacaaggcgc cgccggcttg 720 aagttggtat caaaaattca acaaaaaatg accaaattgt tgacttaatt gccattcaag 780 cgagtttgat ttattttgaa gatgcgctgc acaataatat gcaagttctc cagaatttta 840 ttgattactt acgagaagat gatgaagatg gttttgccga aaaaatctat gatatttttg 900 tcgaaacaga ccaagcttat acagaaacca agattcagct caagttacta gaaaatctcc 960 gagatttgtt ctcaaacatt gtctctaata atttgaatat cgtcatgaaa attatgacct 1020 cagcaacatt tgttctaggt attccggcgg ttattgtcgg cttttatgga atgaatgttc 1080 cgattcctgg tcaaaatttt aattggatgg tctggctcat tttggtgttt ggaattttat 1140 tatgtgtttg ggttacttgg tggctacaca aaaaagatat gttatgaatg gagaaaattt 1200 ctccgttttt ttatctttgt gaaaaaatta attagtgata ataaatcatg aagttagcaa 1260 tgtttgtcaa agctatttag tgaattaatt atgaaaacgt tttaaaaaag tataacagat 1320 attaaaataa ttgaaactgt attagtaaag aatctgtaat ttctcttgaa ttctgtttgc 1380 tattatcaaa ctgtatgata taatgaagtt gtaatttgaa acagaaagaa caaaggagat 1440 ttcaaa atg aaa acc gaa gtt acg gaa aat atc ttt gaa caa gct tgg 1488 Met Lys Thr Glu Val Thr Glu Asn Ile Phe Glu Gln Ala Trp 1 5 10 gat ggt ttt aaa gga act aac tgg cgc gat aaa gca agc gtt act cgc 1536 Asp Gly Phe Lys Gly Thr Asn Trp Arg Asp Lys Ala Ser Val Thr Arg 15 20 25 30 ttt gta caa gaa aac tac aaa cca tat gat ggt gat gaa agc ttt ctt 1584 Phe Val Gln Glu Asn Tyr Lys Pro Tyr Asp Gly Asp Glu Ser Phe Leu 35 40 45 gct ggg cca aca gaa cgt aca ctt aaa gta aag aaa att att gaa gat 1632 Ala Gly Pro Thr Glu Arg Thr Leu Lys Val Lys Lys Ile Ile Glu Asp 50 55 60 aca aaa aat cac tac gaa gaa gta gga ttt ccc ttt gat act gac cgc 1680 Thr Lys Asn His Tyr Glu Glu Val Gly Phe Pro Phe Asp Thr Asp Arg 65 70 75 gta acc tct atc gat aaa att cct gct gga tat att gat gct aat gat 1728 Val Thr Ser Ile Asp Lys Ile Pro Ala Gly Tyr Ile Asp Ala Asn Asp 80 85 90 aaa gaa ctt gaa ctc atc tat ggg atg caa aat agc gaa ctt ttc cgc 1776 Lys Glu Leu Glu Leu Ile Tyr Gly Met Gln Asn Ser Glu Leu Phe Arg 95 100 105 110 tta aac ttc atg cca aga ggt ggt ctt cgt gtt gct gaa aag att ttg 1824 Leu Asn Phe Met Pro Arg Gly Gly Leu Arg Val Ala Glu Lys Ile Leu 115 120 125 aca gaa cac ggt ctt tca gtt gac cca ggt ttg cat gat gtt ttg tca 1872 Thr Glu His Gly Leu Ser Val Asp Pro Gly Leu His Asp Val Leu Ser 130 135 140 caa aca atg act tct gta aat gat gga atc ttc cgt gct tat act tca 1920 Gln Thr Met Thr Ser Val Asn Asp Gly Ile Phe Arg Ala Tyr Thr Ser 145 150 155 gca att cgt aaa gca cgt cac gct cac act gta aca ggt ttg cct gat 1968 Ala Ile Arg Lys Ala Arg His Ala His Thr Val Thr Gly Leu Pro Asp 160 165 170 gca tac tct cgt gga cgt atc atc ggg gta tat gca cgt ctt gct ctt 2016 Ala Tyr Ser Arg Gly Arg Ile Ile Gly Val Tyr Ala Arg Leu Ala Leu 175 180 185 190 tat gga gct gac tac ctt atg aag gaa aaa gca aaa gaa tgg gat gca 2064 Tyr Gly Ala Asp Tyr Leu Met Lys Glu Lys Ala Lys Glu Trp Asp Ala 195 200 205 atc act gaa att aat gat gat aac att cgt ctt aaa gaa gaa att aac 2112 Ile Thr Glu Ile Asn Asp Asp Asn Ile Arg Leu Lys Glu Glu Ile Asn 210 215 220 atg caa tac caa gct ttg caa gaa gtt gta aac ttt ggt gct ttg tat 2160 Met Gln Tyr Gln Ala Leu Gln Glu Val Val Asn Phe Gly Ala Leu Tyr 225 230 235 ggt ctt gac gtt tct cgt cca gcg atg aac gta aaa gaa gca atc caa 2208 Gly Leu Asp Val Ser Arg Pro Ala Met Asn Val Lys Glu Ala Ile Gln 240 245 250 tgg gtt aat att gca tac atg gca gtt tgt cgt gtt atc aat ggt gct 2256 Trp Val Asn Ile Ala Tyr Met Ala Val Cys Arg Val Ile Asn Gly Ala 255 260 265 270 gca act tca ctt gga cgt gtg cca atc gtt ctt gac atc ttt gca gaa 2304 Ala Thr Ser Leu Gly Arg Val Pro Ile Val Leu Asp Ile Phe Ala Glu 275 280 285 cgt gac ctt gct cgt gga aca ttt act gag caa gaa atc caa gaa ttt 2352 Arg Asp Leu Ala Arg Gly Thr Phe Thr Glu Gln Glu Ile Gln Glu Phe 290 295 300 gtt gat gat ttc att tta aaa ctt cgt aca atg aaa ttt gct cgt gct 2400 Val Asp Asp Phe Ile Leu Lys Leu Arg Thr Met Lys Phe Ala Arg Ala 305 310 315 gct gct tat gat gaa ctt tat tct ggt gac ccc acg ttc atc aca aca 2448 Ala Ala Tyr Asp Glu Leu Tyr Ser Gly Asp Pro Thr Phe Ile Thr Thr 320 325 330 tct atg gct ggt atg ggt aat gac gga cgc cac cgt gtc act aaa atg 2496 Ser Met Ala Gly Met Gly Asn Asp Gly Arg His Arg Val Thr Lys Met 335 340 345 350 gac tat cgt ttc ttg aac aca ctt gat aca atc gga aat gct cca gaa 2544 Asp Tyr Arg Phe Leu Asn Thr Leu Asp Thr Ile Gly Asn Ala Pro Glu 355 360 365 cca aac ttg aca gtt ctt tgg gac tct aaa ctc cca tat tca ttc aaa 2592 Pro Asn Leu Thr Val Leu Trp Asp Ser Lys Leu Pro Tyr Ser Phe Lys 370 375 380 cgt tat tca atg tct atg agt cac aaa cac tca tct atc caa tat gaa 2640 Arg Tyr Ser Met Ser Met Ser His Lys His Ser Ser Ile Gln Tyr Glu 385 390 395 ggt gtt gaa aca atg gct aaa gat gga tat ggc gaa atg tca tgt atc 2688 Gly Val Glu Thr Met Ala Lys Asp Gly Tyr Gly Glu Met Ser Cys Ile 400 405 410 tct tgt tgt gtc tca cca ctt gac cca gaa aat gaa gaa gga cgt cat 2736 Ser Cys Cys Val Ser Pro Leu Asp Pro Glu Asn Glu Glu Gly Arg His 415 420 425 430 aat ctc caa tac ttt ggt gcg cgt gta aac gtc ttg aaa gca atg ttg 2784 Asn Leu Gln Tyr Phe Gly Ala Arg Val Asn Val Leu Lys Ala Met Leu 435 440 445 act ggt ttg aac ggt ggt tac gat gac gtt cat aaa gat tat aaa gta 2832 Thr Gly Leu Asn Gly Gly Tyr Asp Asp Val His Lys Asp Tyr Lys Val 450 455 460 ttc gat att gaa cct gtt cgt gat gaa att ctt gac tat gat aca gtt 2880 Phe Asp Ile Glu Pro Val Arg Asp Glu Ile Leu Asp Tyr Asp Thr Val 465 470 475 atg gaa aac ttc gac aaa tca ctc aac tgg ttg aca gat act tat gtt 2928 Met Glu Asn Phe Asp Lys Ser Leu Asn Trp Leu Thr Asp Thr Tyr Val 480 485 490 gat gca atg aat atc att cac tac atg act gac aaa tat aac tat gaa 2976 Asp Ala Met Asn Ile Ile His Tyr Met Thr Asp Lys Tyr Asn Tyr Glu 495 500 505 510 gca gtt caa atg gcc ttc ttg cct act aaa gtt cgt gct aac atg gga 3024 Ala Val Gln Met Ala Phe Leu Pro Thr Lys Val Arg Ala Asn Met Gly 515 520 525 ttt ggt atc tgt ggt ttc gca aat aca gtt gat tca ctt tca gcg att 3072 Phe Gly Ile Cys Gly Phe Ala Asn Thr Val Asp Ser Leu Ser Ala Ile 530 535 540 aaa tat gct aaa gtt aaa act ttg cgt gat gaa aat ggc tac atc tac 3120 Lys Tyr Ala Lys Val Lys Thr Leu Arg Asp Glu Asn Gly Tyr Ile Tyr 545 550 555 gat tat gaa gta gaa ggt gac ttc cca cgt tat ggt gaa gat gat gac 3168 Asp Tyr Glu Val Glu Gly Asp Phe Pro Arg Tyr Gly Glu Asp Asp Asp 560 565 570 cgt gct gat gat atc gct aaa ctt gtc atg aaa atg tac cat gaa aaa 3216 Arg Ala Asp Asp Ile Ala Lys Leu Val Met Lys Met Tyr His Glu Lys 575 580 585 590 tta gct tca cac aaa ctt tac aaa aat gct gaa gct act gtt tca ctt 3264 Leu Ala Ser His Lys Leu Tyr Lys Asn Ala Glu Ala Thr Val Ser Leu 595 600 605 ttg aca atc aca tct aac gtt gct tac tct aaa caa act ggt aac tct 3312 Leu Thr Ile Thr Ser Asn Val Ala Tyr Ser Lys Gln Thr Gly Asn Ser 610 615 620 cca gtt cat aaa gga gta ttc ctc aat gaa gat ggt aca gtc aac aaa 3360 Pro Val His Lys Gly Val Phe Leu Asn Glu Asp Gly Thr Val Asn Lys 625 630 635 tct aaa ctt gaa ttc ttc tca cca ggt gct aac cca tct aac aaa gct 3408 Ser Lys Leu Glu Phe Phe Ser Pro Gly Ala Asn Pro Ser Asn Lys Ala 640 645 650 aaa ggt gga tgg ttg caa aat ctt cgt tca tta gct aaa ttg gaa ttc 3456 Lys Gly Gly Trp Leu Gln Asn Leu Arg Ser Leu Ala Lys Leu Glu Phe 655 660 665 670 aaa gat gca aat gac ggt att tca tta act act caa gtt tct cct cgt 3504 Lys Asp Ala Asn Asp Gly Ile Ser Leu Thr Thr Gln Val Ser Pro Arg 675 680 685 gca ctt ggt aaa act cgt gat gaa caa gta gat aac ttg gtt caa att 3552 Ala Leu Gly Lys Thr Arg Asp Glu Gln Val Asp Asn Leu Val Gln Ile 690 695 700 ctt gat gga tac ttc aca cca gga gct ttg att aat ggt act gaa ttt 3600 Leu Asp Gly Tyr Phe Thr Pro Gly Ala Leu Ile Asn Gly Thr Glu Phe 705 710 715 gca ggt caa cac gtt aac ttg aac gtt atg gac ctt aaa gat gtt tac 3648 Ala Gly Gln His Val Asn Leu Asn Val Met Asp Leu Lys Asp Val Tyr 720 725 730 gat aaa atc atg cgt ggt gaa gat gtt atc gtt cgt atc tct gga tac 3696 Asp Lys Ile Met Arg Gly Glu Asp Val Ile Val Arg Ile Ser Gly Tyr 735 740 745 750 tgt gtt aac act aaa tac ctc aca cct gaa caa aaa caa gaa ttg act 3744 Cys Val Asn Thr Lys Tyr Leu Thr Pro Glu Gln Lys Gln Glu Leu Thr 755 760 765 gaa cgt gtc ttc cat gaa gta ctt tca aat gat gat gaa gaa gta atg 3792 Glu Arg Val Phe His Glu Val Leu Ser Asn Asp Asp Glu Glu Val Met 770 775 780 cac act tca aat atc taattcttag tattaaaaaa tataaggtct gtcagttcta 3847 His Thr Ser Asn Ile 785 ctgacagact ttttttctat aaattaatta taatagttaa aaactattat ttttagttta 3907 agaaaaataa aatttgtgct aaaatagatg aatgataaag gtaattggat taacaggcgg 3967 aattgcgagt gggaaatcaa cggtggttga ttttttgatt tctgaaggtt atcaagtaat 4027 tgatgctgac aaagttgttc gtcagttgca agaacctgat gggaaacttt ttaatgcaat 4087 aatggaaact ttcggttcag attttactga cgaaaatggg aaattaaacc gatgcaaaat 4147 tgagtgctta agttttgctg acccaaatca acgtcaaaaa ttat 4191 39 787 PRT Lactococcus lactis 39 Met Lys Thr Glu Val Thr Glu Asn Ile Phe Glu Gln Ala Trp Asp Gly 1 5 10 15 Phe Lys Gly Thr Asn Trp Arg Asp Lys Ala Ser Val Thr Arg Phe Val 20 25 30 Gln Glu Asn Tyr Lys Pro Tyr Asp Gly Asp Glu Ser Phe Leu Ala Gly 35 40 45 Pro Thr Glu Arg Thr Leu Lys Val Lys Lys Ile Ile Glu Asp Thr Lys 50 55 60 Asn His Tyr Glu Glu Val Gly Phe Pro Phe Asp Thr Asp Arg Val Thr 65 70 75 80 Ser Ile Asp Lys Ile Pro Ala Gly Tyr Ile Asp Ala Asn Asp Lys Glu 85 90 95 Leu Glu Leu Ile Tyr Gly Met Gln Asn Ser Glu Leu Phe Arg Leu Asn 100 105 110 Phe Met Pro Arg Gly Gly Leu Arg Val Ala Glu Lys Ile Leu Thr Glu 115 120 125 His Gly Leu Ser Val Asp Pro Gly Leu His Asp Val Leu Ser Gln Thr 130 135 140 Met Thr Ser Val Asn Asp Gly Ile Phe Arg Ala Tyr Thr Ser Ala Ile 145 150 155 160 Arg Lys Ala Arg His Ala His Thr Val Thr Gly Leu Pro Asp Ala Tyr 165 170 175 Ser Arg Gly Arg Ile Ile Gly Val Tyr Ala Arg Leu Ala Leu Tyr Gly 180 185 190 Ala Asp Tyr Leu Met Lys Glu Lys Ala Lys Glu Trp Asp Ala Ile Thr 195 200 205 Glu Ile Asn Asp Asp Asn Ile Arg Leu Lys Glu Glu Ile Asn Met Gln 210 215 220 Tyr Gln Ala Leu Gln Glu Val Val Asn Phe Gly Ala Leu Tyr Gly Leu 225 230 235 240 Asp Val Ser Arg Pro Ala Met Asn Val Lys Glu Ala Ile Gln Trp Val 245 250 255 Asn Ile Ala Tyr Met Ala Val Cys Arg Val Ile Asn Gly Ala Ala Thr 260 265 270 Ser Leu Gly Arg Val Pro Ile Val Leu Asp Ile Phe Ala Glu Arg Asp 275 280 285 Leu Ala Arg Gly Thr Phe Thr Glu Gln Glu Ile Gln Glu Phe Val Asp 290 295 300 Asp Phe Ile Leu Lys Leu Arg Thr Met Lys Phe Ala Arg Ala Ala Ala 305 310 315 320 Tyr Asp Glu Leu Tyr Ser Gly Asp Pro Thr Phe Ile Thr Thr Ser Met 325 330 335 Ala Gly Met Gly Asn Asp Gly Arg His Arg Val Thr Lys Met Asp Tyr 340 345 350 Arg Phe Leu Asn Thr Leu Asp Thr Ile Gly Asn Ala Pro Glu Pro Asn 355 360 365 Leu Thr Val Leu Trp Asp Ser Lys Leu Pro Tyr Ser Phe Lys Arg Tyr 370 375 380 Ser Met Ser Met Ser His Lys His Ser Ser Ile Gln Tyr Glu Gly Val 385 390 395 400 Glu Thr Met Ala Lys Asp Gly Tyr Gly Glu Met Ser Cys Ile Ser Cys 405 410 415 Cys Val Ser Pro Leu Asp Pro Glu Asn Glu Glu Gly Arg His Asn Leu 420 425 430 Gln Tyr Phe Gly Ala Arg Val Asn Val Leu Lys Ala Met Leu Thr Gly 435 440 445 Leu Asn Gly Gly Tyr Asp Asp Val His Lys Asp Tyr Lys Val Phe Asp 450 455 460 Ile Glu Pro Val Arg Asp Glu Ile Leu Asp Tyr Asp Thr Val Met Glu 465 470 475 480 Asn Phe Asp Lys Ser Leu Asn Trp Leu Thr Asp Thr Tyr Val Asp Ala 485 490 495 Met Asn Ile Ile His Tyr Met Thr Asp Lys Tyr Asn Tyr Glu Ala Val 500 505 510 Gln Met Ala Phe Leu Pro Thr Lys Val Arg Ala Asn Met Gly Phe Gly 515 520 525 Ile Cys Gly Phe Ala Asn Thr Val Asp Ser Leu Ser Ala Ile Lys Tyr 530 535 540 Ala Lys Val Lys Thr Leu Arg Asp Glu Asn Gly Tyr Ile Tyr Asp Tyr 545 550 555 560 Glu Val Glu Gly Asp Phe Pro Arg Tyr Gly Glu Asp Asp Asp Arg Ala 565 570 575 Asp Asp Ile Ala Lys Leu Val Met Lys Met Tyr His Glu Lys Leu Ala 580 585 590 Ser His Lys Leu Tyr Lys Asn Ala Glu Ala Thr Val Ser Leu Leu Thr 595 600 605 Ile Thr Ser Asn Val Ala Tyr Ser Lys Gln Thr Gly Asn Ser Pro Val 610 615 620 His Lys Gly Val Phe Leu Asn Glu Asp Gly Thr Val Asn Lys Ser Lys 625 630 635 640 Leu Glu Phe Phe Ser Pro Gly Ala Asn Pro Ser Asn Lys Ala Lys Gly 645 650 655 Gly Trp Leu Gln Asn Leu Arg Ser Leu Ala Lys Leu Glu Phe Lys Asp 660 665 670 Ala Asn Asp Gly Ile Ser Leu Thr Thr Gln Val Ser Pro Arg Ala Leu 675 680 685 Gly Lys Thr Arg Asp Glu Gln Val Asp Asn Leu Val Gln Ile Leu Asp 690 695 700 Gly Tyr Phe Thr Pro Gly Ala Leu Ile Asn Gly Thr Glu Phe Ala Gly 705 710 715 720 Gln His Val Asn Leu Asn Val Met Asp Leu Lys Asp Val Tyr Asp Lys 725 730 735 Ile Met Arg Gly Glu Asp Val Ile Val Arg Ile Ser Gly Tyr Cys Val 740 745 750 Asn Thr Lys Tyr Leu Thr Pro Glu Gln Lys Gln Glu Leu Thr Glu Arg 755 760 765 Val Phe His Glu Val Leu Ser Asn Asp Asp Glu Glu Val Met His Thr 770 775 780 Ser Asn Ile 785 40 14 DNA Artificial Sequence Consensus FNR box 40 ttgatnnnna tcaa 14 41 14 DNA Artificial Sequence Consensus FNR box 41 ggagtnnnna tcaa 14 42 14 DNA Artificial Sequence Consensus FNR box 42 tttgcnnnna tcaa 14 43 32 DNA Artificial Sequence Primer pfl-P1MG1363 43 ggccgctcga gttgtgtctc accacttgac cc 32 44 33 DNA Artificial Sequence Primer pfl-P2MG1363 44 tagtaggatc ccatcatctt caccataacg tgg 33 

1. An isolated DNA sequence comprising a sequence derived from a lactic acid bacterium, said sequence coding for a polypeptide having at least one enzymatic activity selected from the group consisting of (i) acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ACDH) activity whereby acetyl CoA is converted into acetaldehyde, (ii) alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity whereby acetaldehyde is converted into ethanol, (iii) capability of converting acetyl CoA into ethanol and (iv) pyruvate formate-lyase deactivase activity.
 2. A DNA sequence according to claim 1 further comprising sequences regulating the expression of the coding sequence and/or the activity of its gene product.
 3. A DNA sequence according to claim 1 which is derived from a lactic acid bacterium selected from the group consisting of a Lactococcus species, a Lactobacillus species, a Streptococcus species, a Pediococcus species, a Bifidobacterium species and a Leuconostoc species.
 4. A DNA sequence according to claim 3 which is derived from Lactococcus lactis.
 5. A DNA sequence according to claim 1 coding for a polypeptide which is at least 30% identical with a polypeptide which is selected from the group consisting of the gene product of the adhE gene of E. coli as recorded in FASTA, GCG Wisconsin under the accession No. P17547, the gene product of the aad gene of Clostridium acetobutylicum as recorded in FASTA, GCG Wisconsin under the accession No. P33744 and of the DNA sequence of SEQ ID NO:3.
 6. A DNA sequence according to claim 1 which comprises the coding sequence of SEQ ID NO:3 or SEQ ID NO:30, or a mutant or variant hereof which codes for a polypeptide having at least one enzymatic activity selected from the group consisting of (i) acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ACDH) activity whereby acetyl CoA is converted into acetaldehyde, (ii) alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity whereby acetaldehyde is converted into ethanol, (iii) capability of converting acetyl CoA into ethanol and (iv) pyruvate formate-lyase deactivase activity.
 7. A recombinant replicon comprising the DNA sequence of claim
 1. 8. A replicon according to claim 7 which is selected from a plasmid capable of replicating in a lactic acid bacterium and a lactic acid bacterial chromosome.
 9. A recombinant lactic acid bacterial cell comprising the replicon of claim
 7. 10. A lactic acid bacterial cell according to claim 9 which is selected from the group consisting of a Lactococcus species, a Lactobacillus species, a Streptococcus species, a Pediococcus species, a Bifidobacterium species and a Leuconostoc species.
 11. A lactic acid bacterial cell according to claim 9 which is in the form of a starter culture composition for the production of a food product or an animal feed, or in the form of a culture for the production of an aroma or antimicrobially active compound.
 12. A lactic acid bacterial cell according to claim 9 wherein the DNA sequence comprising the sequence coding for the multi-functional polypeptide is modified so as to inactivate or reduce the production of or the activity of at least one of the enzymatic activities selected from the group consisting of (i) acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ACDH) activity whereby acetyl CoA is converted into acetaldehyde, (ii) alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity whereby acetaldehyde is converted into ethanol, (iii) capability of converting acetyl CoA into ethanol and (iv) pyruvate formate-lyase deactivase activity.
 13. A lactic acid bacterial cell according to claim 12 wherein said modification of the DNA sequence results in the cell producing increased amounts of a metabolite selected from the group consisting of acetaldehyde, acetate and ethanol.
 14. A lactic acid bacterial cell according to claim 9 wherein the DNA sequence comprising the sequence coding for the multi-functional polypeptide is modified so as to enhance the production of or the activity of at least one of the enzymatic activities selected from the group consisting of (i) acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ACDH) activity whereby acetyl CoA is converted into acetaldehyde, (ii) alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity whereby acetaldehyde is converted into ethanol, (iii) capability of converting acetyl CoA into ethanol and (iv) pyruvate formate-lyase deactivase activity.
 15. A lactic acid bacterial cell according to claim 14 wherein said modification of the DNA sequence results in the cell producing an increased amount of a metabolite selected from the group consisting of acetaldehyde, ethanol, formate, acetate, α-acetolactate, acetoin, diacetyl and 2,3 butylene glycol.
 16. An isolated DNA sequence comprising a sequence derived from a lactic acid bacterium, said sequence coding for a polypeptide having pyruvate formate-lyase activity, subject to the limitation that the sequence is not derived from an oral Streptococcus species.
 17. A DNA sequence according to claim 16 comprising at least one regulatory sequence regulating the expression of the pyruvate formate-lyase polypeptide or coding for a gene product regulating the pyruvate formate-lyase activity of the polypeptide.
 18. A DNA sequence according to claim 17 wherein the regulating gene product is selected from a pyruvate formate-lyase activase and a pyruvate formate-lyase deactivase.
 19. A DNA sequence according to claim 18 wherein the deactivase is a polypeptide having at least one enzymatic activity selected from the group consisting of (i) acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ACDH) activity whereby acetyl CoA is converted into acetaldehyde, (ii) alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity whereby acetaldehyde is converted into ethanol, (iii) capability of converting acetyl CoA into ethanol and (iv) pyruvate formate-lyase deactivase activity as defined in claim
 1. 20. A DNA sequence according to claim 16 which is derived from a lactic acid bacterium selected from the group consisting of a Lactococcus species, a Lactobacillus species, a Streptococcus species, a Pediococcus species, a Bifidobacterium species and a Leuconostoc species.
 21. A DNA sequence according to claim 20 which is derived from Lactococcus lactis.
 22. A DNA sequence according to claim 16 which comprises the coding sequence of SEQ ID NO:15 or SEQ ID NO:30, or a mutant or variant hereof which codes for a polypeptide having pyruvate formate-lyase activity.
 23. A recombinant replicon comprising the DNA sequence of claim
 16. 24. A replicon according to claim 23 which is selected from a plasmid capable of replicating in a lactic acid bacterium and a lactic acid bacterial chromosome.
 25. A recombinant lactic acid bacterial cell comprising the replicon of claim
 23. 26. A lactic acid bacterial cell according to claim 25 which is selected from the group consisting of a Lactococcus species, a Lactobacillus species, a Streptococcus species, a Pediococcus species, a Bifidobacterium species and a Leuconostoc species.
 27. A lactic acid bacterial cell according to claim 25 which is in the form of a starter culture composition for the production of a food product or an animal feed.
 28. A lactic acid bacterial cell according to claim 25 wherein the DNA sequence is modified whereby its production of pyruvate formate-lyase is reduced or inhibited or whereby the enzyme is produced in a modified form having a reduced pyruvate formate-lyase activity.
 29. A lactic acid bacterial cell according to claim 28 wherein said modification of the DNA sequence results in that the cell produces increased amounts of a metabolite selected from the group consisting of α-acetolactate, acetoin, diacetyl and 2,3 butylene glycol.
 30. A lactic acid bacterial cell according to claim 25 wherein the DNA sequence is modified whereby its production of pyruvate formate-lyase is enhanced or whereby the enzyme is produced in a modified form having an increased pyruvate formate-lyase activity.
 31. A lactic acid bacterial cell according to claim 30 wherein said modification of the DNA sequence results in the cell producing increased amounts of formate.
 32. A recombinant lactic acid bacterial cell comprising the DNA sequence of claim 1 and the DNA sequence of claim
 16. 33. A recombinant lactic acid bacterial cell according to claim 32 wherein at least one of said DNA sequences is modified so as to modify the expression of pyruvate formate-lyase or the activity hereof.
 34. A method of producing a lactic acid bacterial metabolite, the method comprising cultivating a lactic acid bacterium according to any of claims 12, 15, 30 or 32 under conditions where the metabolite is produced and isolating the metabolite from the culture.
 36. A method of producing an animal feed, the method comprising the step of admixing to the feed starting materials a starter culture of a lactic acid bacterium according to claim 9 or 26 and keeping the mixture under conditions allowing the starter culture to be metabolically active.
 37. An isolated DNA sequence derived from a lactic acid bacterium, said sequence coding for a product having a formate transporter activity.
 38. A DNA sequence according to claim 37 which is the open reading frame orfA isolated from Lactococcus lactis strain DB1341 where it is located upstream of the pfl gene (SEQ ID NO:34). 